UITextView-placeholder的实现和解析
前言
项目中UITextfield使用的比较频繁,对于placeholder可以直接设置,文字,颜色,字体等等,但是UITextView继承自UIScrollView,并没有placeholder属性。项目中以前就有使用到UITextView的placeholder,当时只是外加了一个UILabel,但是每次都需要重新定制label,所以想着能够写一个类别,添加一个label,实现字体,颜色,位置的可调节。
这里主要是在GitHub上面发现一个很好的类别,该类别的编写者也是我所喜欢的一位iOS开发者。自己尝试写了一次,有了一定的了解,所以记录下来,方便以后查阅。
Demo地址:码云demo下载地址
首先先上图看看效果:
默认效果图:
defalut_placeholder.png
设置颜色和location图:
color_location_placeholder.png placeholder.gif
下面开始解析代码
根据意图,也是在UITextView中添加一个UILabel,然后添加文字,颜色,富文本,位置等属性,实现placeholder的可定制。
.h 解析
- (readOnly)UILabel *placeholdLabel
- NSString *placeholder placeholder 文字
- UIColor *placeholderColor 颜色
- NSAttributedString *attributePlaceholder 富文本
- CGPoint location 位置
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
@interface UITextView (WJPlaceholder)
@property(nonatomic,readonly) UILabel *placeholdLabel;
@property(nonatomic,strong) IBInspectable NSString *placeholder;
@property(nonatomic,strong) IBInspectable UIColor *placeholderColor;
@property(nonnull,strong) NSAttributedString *attributePlaceholder;
@property(nonatomic,assign) CGPoint location;
+ (UIColor *)defaultColor; //获取默认颜色(选取UITextFiled的placeholder颜色)
@end
使用IBInspectable修饰,可以使该属性在interface builder中进行编辑。placeholder和placeholder color都可以在user defined runtime attributes中进行配置,如下图:
UITextViewKeyPath.png kvc_placeholder.png.m 解析
首先设置三个key值,用于关联属性的创建和获取
static char *labelKey = "placeholderKey";
static char *needAdjust = "needAdjust";
static char *changeLocation = "location";
创建的类别是不支持添加属性的,要实现属性的可设置,可以使用runtime来动态设置和获取属性值。
runtime添加关联属性
void objc_setAssociatedObject(id object, const void *key, id value, objc_AssociationPolicy policy)
第一个参数(object)表示要添加属性的类,第二参数(const void *key)为一个key值,用来获取设置的属性值,第三个参数(value)为属性的值,第四个参数(objc_AssociationPolicy policy)为属性的修饰类型:一共有5个可选项:
typedef OBJC_ENUM(uintptr_t, objc_AssociationPolicy) {
OBJC_ASSOCIATION_ASSIGN = 0, /**< Specifies a weak reference to the associated object. */
OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC = 1, /**< Specifies a strong reference to the associated object.
* The association is not made atomically. */
OBJC_ASSOCIATION_COPY_NONATOMIC = 3, /**< Specifies that the associated object is copied.
* The association is not made atomically. */
OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN = 01401, /**< Specifies a strong reference to the associated object.
* The association is made atomically. */
OBJC_ASSOCIATION_COPY = 01403 /**< Specifies that the associated object is copied.
* The association is made atomically. */
};
分别对应assign,retain_nonatomic,copy_nonatomic,retain,copy。
runtime获取成员属性方法为:
id objc_getAssociatedObject(id object, const void *key)
第一个参数(object)为属性所属的类,一般使用self,第二个参数(key)为key值,和设置关联属性时使用的key一样。
placeholderLabel为readOnly,重写其get方法。
/**
* 设置placeholderLabel
*
* @return label
*/
- (UILabel *)placeholdLabel
{
UILabel *label = objc_getAssociatedObject(self, labelKey);
if (!label) {
label = [[UILabel alloc] init];
label.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentLeft;
label.numberOfLines = 0;
label.textColor = [self.class defaultColor];
objc_setAssociatedObject(self, labelKey, label, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC);
//添加通知
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(updateLabel) name:UITextViewTextDidChangeNotification object:nil];
//监听font的变化
[self addObserver:self forKeyPath:@"font" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew context:nil];
}
return label;
}
/**
* 设置默认颜色
*
* @return color
*/
+ (UIColor *)defaultColor
{
static UIColor *color = nil;
static dispatch_once_t once_t;
dispatch_once(&once_t, ^{
UITextField *textField = [[UITextField alloc] init];
textField.placeholder = @" ";
color = [textField valueForKeyPath:@"_placeholderLabel.textColor"];
});
return color;
}
创建UILabel时,设置基本属性,这里采用UITextfiled的placeholder的颜色作为默认颜色。
同时添加对UITextView的状态通知,UITextView主要有以下几个通知可供使用
UIKIT_EXTERN NSNotificationName const UITextViewTextDidBeginEditingNotification;
UIKIT_EXTERN NSNotificationName const UITextViewTextDidChangeNotification;
UIKIT_EXTERN NSNotificationName const UITextViewTextDidEndEditingNotification;
这里使用UITextViewTextDidChangeNotification,在text改变的时候执行updateLabel方法,进行label的显示和隐藏以及其他设置。
对于UITextView的字体,使用KVO监听UITextView的font属性,在设置时改变placeholderLabel的font。
以下是一些成员属性的set get方法,通过set方法,将text,color,attributedText赋给placeholderLabel。
该类别主要使用runtime创建了3个关联属性,分别为
- placeholderLabel
- location CGPoint 位置
- needAdJust BOOL 判断是否需要调整
- (void)setPlaceholder:(NSString *)placeholder
{
self.placeholdLabel.text = placeholder;
[self updateLabel];
}
- (NSString *)placeholder
{
return self.placeholdLabel.text;
}
- (void)setPlaceholderColor:(UIColor *)placeholderColor
{
self.placeholdLabel.textColor = placeholderColor;
[self updateLabel];
}
- (UIColor *)placeholderColor
{
return self.placeholdLabel.textColor;
}
- (void)setAttributePlaceholder:(NSAttributedString *)attributePlaceholder
{
self.placeholdLabel.attributedText = attributePlaceholder;
[self updateLabel];
}
- (NSAttributedString *)attributePlaceholder
{
return self.placeholdLabel.attributedText;
}
- (void)setLocation:(CGPoint)location
{
objc_setAssociatedObject(self, changeLocation,NSStringFromCGPoint(location), OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC);
[self updateLabel];
}
-(CGPoint)location
{
return CGPointFromString(objc_getAssociatedObject(self, changeLocation));
}
//是否需要调整字体
- (BOOL)needAdjustFont
{
return [objc_getAssociatedObject(self, needAdjust) boolValue ];
}
- (void)setNeedAdjustFont:(BOOL)needAdjustFont
{
objc_setAssociatedObject(self, needAdjust, @(needAdjustFont), OBJC_ASSOCIATION_ASSIGN);
}
KVO 监听方法,判断是否是font,执行updataLabel方法。
- (void)observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath ofObject:(id)object change:(NSDictionary<NSKeyValueChangeKey,id> *)change context:(void *)context
{
if ([keyPath isEqualToString:@"font"])
{
self.needAdjustFont = YES;
[self updateLabel];
}
}
下面则是更新placeholderLabel的主要方法,调整位置,字体等。
/**
* 更新label信息
*/
- (void)updateLabel
{
if (self.text.length) {
[self.placeholdLabel removeFromSuperview];
return;
}
//显示label
[self insertSubview:self.placeholdLabel atIndex:0];
//是否需要更新字体(NO 采用默认字体大小)
if (self.needAdjustFont) {
self.placeholdLabel.font = self.font;
self.needAdjustFont = NO;
}
CGFloat lineFragmentPadding = self.textContainer.lineFragmentPadding; //边距
UIEdgeInsets contentInset = self.textContainerInset;
//设置label frame
CGFloat labelX = lineFragmentPadding + contentInset.left;
CGFloat labelY = contentInset.top;
if (self.location.x != 0 || self.location.y != 0) {
if (self.location.x < 0 || self.location.x > CGRectGetWidth(self.bounds) - lineFragmentPadding - contentInset.right || self.location.y< 0) {
// 不做处理
}else{
labelX += self.location.x;
labelY += self.location.y;
}
}
CGFloat labelW = CGRectGetWidth(self.bounds) - contentInset.right - labelX;
CGFloat labelH = [self.placeholdLabel sizeThatFits:CGSizeMake(labelW, MAXFLOAT)].height;
self.placeholdLabel.frame = CGRectMake(labelX, labelY, labelW, labelH);
}
对于placeholderLabel的frame设置,需要考虑几个方面:
- lineFragmentPadding UITextView textContainer边距
- contentInset 输入区域偏移 UIEdgeInsets
- location 设置的位置
- labeltextHeight placeholder的text高度
placeholder的frame.orgin.x = 边距lineFragmentPadding + contentInset.left + location.x;
frame.orgin.y = contentInset.top + location.y;
frame.size.width = UITextView的宽度 - placeholder的frame.orgin.x - contentInset.right;
frame.height = placeholder.text的高度