java后台生成统计图+jfreechart、echarts
2020-08-26 本文已影响0人
zero_93a5
因业务需要生成报表，包含统计图。
一、jfreechart ，这个是大众最简单的方式，只是图片太丑了。（echarts的方法在下面）
jfreechart 的具体实现，搭建个springboot的小工程即可
首先pom文件中引入jar包
<!--用于jfreechart生成图片 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jfree</groupId>
<artifactId>jfreechart</artifactId>
<version>1.5.0</version>
</dependency>
实例代码（有这一个就足够了）：
package com.example.poiword;
import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Paint;
import java.awt.Rectangle;
import java.io.File;
import java.text.NumberFormat;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.Set;
import org.jfree.chart.ChartFactory;
import org.jfree.chart.JFreeChart;
import org.jfree.chart.StandardChartTheme;
import org.jfree.chart.axis.CategoryAxis;
import org.jfree.chart.axis.CategoryLabelPositions;
import org.jfree.chart.axis.ValueAxis;
import org.jfree.chart.block.BlockBorder;
import org.jfree.chart.labels.ItemLabelAnchor;
import org.jfree.chart.labels.ItemLabelPosition;
import org.jfree.chart.labels.StandardCategoryItemLabelGenerator;
import org.jfree.chart.labels.StandardPieSectionLabelGenerator;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.CategoryPlot;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.DefaultDrawingSupplier;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.PieLabelLinkStyle;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.PiePlot;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.Plot;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.PlotOrientation;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.XYPlot;
import org.jfree.chart.renderer.category.LineAndShapeRenderer;
import org.jfree.chart.renderer.category.StandardBarPainter;
import org.jfree.chart.renderer.xy.StandardXYBarPainter;
import org.jfree.chart.ui.RectangleInsets;
import org.jfree.chart.ui.TextAnchor;
import org.jfree.data.category.CategoryDataset;
import org.jfree.data.category.DefaultCategoryDataset;
import org.jfree.data.general.DefaultPieDataset;
/**
* @program: poi-word
* @description:
* @author: sunhui
* @create: 2020-08-25 14:04
**/
public class ChartUtils {
private static String NO_DATA_MSG = "暂无数据";
private static Font FONT = new Font("宋体", Font.PLAIN, 20);
public static Color[] CHART_COLORS = {
new Color(31,129,188), new Color(92,92,97), new Color(144,237,125), new Color(255,188,117),
new Color(153,158,255), new Color(255,117,153), new Color(253,236,109), new Color(128,133,232),
new Color(158,90,102),new Color(255, 204, 102) };// 颜色
static{
setChartTheme();
}
/**
* 中文主题样式 解决乱码
*/
public static void setChartTheme() {
// 设置中文主题样式 解决乱码
StandardChartTheme chartTheme = new StandardChartTheme("CN");
// 设置标题字体
chartTheme.setExtraLargeFont(FONT);
// 设置图例的字体
chartTheme.setRegularFont(FONT);
// 设置轴向的字体
chartTheme.setLargeFont(FONT);
chartTheme.setSmallFont(FONT);
chartTheme.setTitlePaint(new Color(51, 51, 51));
chartTheme.setSubtitlePaint(new Color(85, 85, 85));
chartTheme.setLegendBackgroundPaint(Color.WHITE);// 设置标注
chartTheme.setLegendItemPaint(Color.BLACK);//
chartTheme.setChartBackgroundPaint(Color.WHITE);
// 绘制颜色绘制颜色.轮廓供应商
// paintSequence,outlinePaintSequence,strokeSequence,outlineStrokeSequence,shapeSequence
Paint[] OUTLINE_PAINT_SEQUENCE = new Paint[] { Color.WHITE };
// 绘制器颜色源
DefaultDrawingSupplier drawingSupplier = new DefaultDrawingSupplier(CHART_COLORS, CHART_COLORS, OUTLINE_PAINT_SEQUENCE,
DefaultDrawingSupplier.DEFAULT_STROKE_SEQUENCE, DefaultDrawingSupplier.DEFAULT_OUTLINE_STROKE_SEQUENCE,
DefaultDrawingSupplier.DEFAULT_SHAPE_SEQUENCE);
chartTheme.setDrawingSupplier(drawingSupplier);
chartTheme.setPlotBackgroundPaint(Color.WHITE);// 绘制区域
chartTheme.setPlotOutlinePaint(Color.WHITE);// 绘制区域外边框
chartTheme.setLabelLinkPaint(new Color(8, 55, 114));// 链接标签颜色
chartTheme.setLabelLinkStyle(PieLabelLinkStyle.CUBIC_CURVE);
chartTheme.setAxisOffset(new RectangleInsets(5, 12, 5, 12));
chartTheme.setDomainGridlinePaint(new Color(192, 208, 224));// X坐标轴垂直网格颜色
chartTheme.setRangeGridlinePaint(new Color(192, 192, 192));// Y坐标轴水平网格颜色
chartTheme.setBaselinePaint(Color.WHITE);
chartTheme.setCrosshairPaint(Color.BLUE);// 不确定含义
chartTheme.setAxisLabelPaint(new Color(51, 51, 51));// 坐标轴标题文字颜色
chartTheme.setTickLabelPaint(new Color(67, 67, 72));// 刻度数字
chartTheme.setBarPainter(new StandardBarPainter());// 设置柱状图渲染
chartTheme.setXYBarPainter(new StandardXYBarPainter());// XYBar 渲染
chartTheme.setItemLabelPaint(Color.black);
chartTheme.setThermometerPaint(Color.white);// 温度计
ChartFactory.setChartTheme(chartTheme);
}
public ChartUtils() {
}
/**
* 必须设置文本抗锯齿
*/
public static void setAntiAlias(JFreeChart chart) {
chart.setTextAntiAlias(false);
}
/**
* 设置图例无边框，默认黑色边框
*/
public static void setLegendEmptyBorder(JFreeChart chart) {
chart.getLegend().setFrame(new BlockBorder(Color.WHITE));
}
/**
* 提供静态方法：获取报表图形1：饼状图
* @param title 标题
* @param datas 数据
* @param url 字体
*/
public static void createPiePort(String title, Map<String,Double> datas, String url){
try {
// 如果不使用Font,中文将显示不出来
DefaultPieDataset pds = new DefaultPieDataset();
// 获取迭代器：
Set<Map.Entry<String, Double>> set = datas.entrySet();
Iterator iterator=(Iterator) set.iterator();
Entry entry=null;
while(iterator.hasNext()){
entry=(Entry) iterator.next();
pds.setValue(entry.getKey().toString(),Double.parseDouble(entry.getValue().toString()));
}
/**
* 生成一个饼图的图表
* 分别是:显示图表的标题、需要提供对应图表的DateSet对象、是否显示图例、是否生成贴士以及是否生成URL链接
*/
JFreeChart chart = ChartFactory.createPieChart(title, pds, true, true, true);
setPieRender((PiePlot) chart.getPlot());
//将内存中的图片写到本地硬盘
org.jfree.chart.ChartUtils.saveChartAsPNG(new File(url), chart,800,500);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 提供静态方法：获取报表图形1：饼状图
* @param title 标题
* @param datas 数据
* @param url 字体
*/
public static void createBarPort(String title, Map<String,Double> datas, String url){
try {
// 如果不使用Font,中文将显示不出来
DefaultCategoryDataset pds = new DefaultCategoryDataset();
// 获取迭代器：
Set<Map.Entry<String, Double>> set = datas.entrySet();
Iterator iterator=(Iterator) set.iterator();
Entry entry=null;
while(iterator.hasNext()){
entry=(Entry) iterator.next();
pds.setValue(Double.parseDouble(entry.getValue().toString()),entry.getKey().toString(),entry.getKey().toString());
}
/**
* 生成一个饼图的图表
* 分别是:显示图表的标题、需要提供对应图表的DateSet对象、是否显示图例、是否生成贴士以及是否生成URL链接
*/
JFreeChart chart = ChartFactory.createBarChart(title,"分类","数量", pds, PlotOrientation.VERTICAL, true, true, false);
//将内存中的图片写到本地硬盘
org.jfree.chart.ChartUtils.saveChartAsPNG(new File(url), chart,800,500);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 提供静态方法：获取报表图形3：折线图
* @param title 标题
* @param datas 数据
* @param xName 分类（第一季，第二季.....）
* @param yName 柱状图的数量单位
* @param url 字体
*/
public static void createLinePort(String title,Map<String,Double> datas,String xName,String yName,String url){
try {
//种类数据集
DefaultCategoryDataset dataset = new DefaultCategoryDataset();
//获取迭代器：
Set<Entry<String, Double>> set = datas.entrySet();
Iterator iterator=(Iterator) set.iterator();
Entry entry=null;
while(iterator.hasNext()){
entry=(Entry) iterator.next();
dataset.setValue(Double.parseDouble(entry.getValue().toString()),//y
title, //名称
entry.getKey().toString()); //x
}
//创建折线图,折线图分水平显示和垂直显示两种
JFreeChart chart = ChartFactory.createLineChart(title, xName, yName, dataset,//2D折线图
PlotOrientation.VERTICAL,
false, // 是否显示图例(对于简单的柱状图必须是false)
true, // 是否生成工具
true);// 是否生成URL链接
//得到绘图区
setLineRender((CategoryPlot)chart.getPlot(),true,true);
org.jfree.chart.ChartUtils.saveChartAsPNG(new File(url), chart, 1000,600);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 设置折线图样式
*
* @param plot
* @param isShowDataLabels
* 是否显示数据标签
*/
public static void setLineRender(CategoryPlot plot, boolean isShowDataLabels, boolean isShapesVisible) {
plot.setNoDataMessage(NO_DATA_MSG);
plot.setInsets(new RectangleInsets(10, 10, 0, 10), false);
LineAndShapeRenderer renderer = (LineAndShapeRenderer) plot.getRenderer();
renderer.setDefaultStroke(new BasicStroke(1.5F));
if (isShowDataLabels) {
renderer.setDefaultItemLabelsVisible(true);
renderer.setDefaultItemLabelGenerator(new StandardCategoryItemLabelGenerator(StandardCategoryItemLabelGenerator.DEFAULT_LABEL_FORMAT_STRING,
NumberFormat.getInstance()));
renderer.setDefaultPositiveItemLabelPosition(new ItemLabelPosition(ItemLabelAnchor.OUTSIDE1, TextAnchor.BOTTOM_CENTER));// weizhi
}
renderer.setDefaultShapesVisible(isShapesVisible);// 数据点绘制形状
setXAixs(plot);
setYAixs(plot);
}
/**
* 设置饼状图渲染
*/
public static void setBarRender(Plot plot) {
// CategoryAxis categoryAxis=plot.getDomainAxis();//获得横坐标
// categoryAxis.setLabelFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,12));//设置横坐标字体
}
/**
* 设置饼状图渲染
*/
public static void setPieRender(Plot plot) {
plot.setNoDataMessage(NO_DATA_MSG);
plot.setInsets(new RectangleInsets(10, 10, 5, 10));
PiePlot piePlot = (PiePlot) plot;
piePlot.setInsets(new RectangleInsets(0, 0, 0, 0));
piePlot.setCircular(true);// 圆形
// piePlot.setSimpleLabels(true);// 简单标签
piePlot.setLabelGap(0.01);
piePlot.setInteriorGap(0.05D);
piePlot.setLegendItemShape(new Rectangle(10, 10));// 图例形状
piePlot.setIgnoreNullValues(true);
piePlot.setLabelBackgroundPaint(null);// 去掉背景色
piePlot.setLabelShadowPaint(null);// 去掉阴影
piePlot.setLabelOutlinePaint(null);// 去掉边框
piePlot.setShadowPaint(null);
// 0:category 1:value:2 :percentage
piePlot.setLabelGenerator(new StandardPieSectionLabelGenerator("{0}:{2}"));// 显示标签数据
}
/**
* 设置类别图表(CategoryPlot) X坐标轴线条颜色和样式
*
* @param plot
*/
public static void setXAixs(CategoryPlot plot) {
Color lineColor = new Color(31, 121, 170);
plot.getDomainAxis().setCategoryLabelPositions(CategoryLabelPositions.UP_45);
plot.getDomainAxis().setAxisLinePaint(lineColor);// X坐标轴颜色
plot.getDomainAxis().setTickMarkPaint(lineColor);// X坐标轴标记|竖线颜色
}
/**
* 设置类别图表(CategoryPlot) Y坐标轴线条颜色和样式 同时防止数据无法显示
*
* @param plot
*/
public static void setYAixs(CategoryPlot plot) {
// Color lineColor = new Color(192, 208, 224);
Color lineColor = new Color(31, 121, 170);
ValueAxis axis = plot.getRangeAxis();
axis.setAxisLinePaint(lineColor);// Y坐标轴颜色
axis.setTickMarkPaint(lineColor);// Y坐标轴标记|竖线颜色
// false隐藏Y刻度
axis.setAxisLineVisible(true);
axis.setTickMarksVisible(true);
// Y轴网格线条
plot.setRangeGridlinePaint(new Color(192, 192, 192));
plot.setRangeGridlineStroke(new BasicStroke(1));
plot.getRangeAxis().setUpperMargin(0.1);// 设置顶部Y坐标轴间距,防止数据无法显示
plot.getRangeAxis().setLowerMargin(0.1);// 设置底部Y坐标轴间距
}
/**
* 设置XY图表(XYPlot) X坐标轴线条颜色和样式
*
* @param plot
*/
public static void setXY_XAixs(XYPlot plot) {
Color lineColor = new Color(31, 121, 170);
plot.getDomainAxis().setAxisLinePaint(lineColor);// X坐标轴颜色
plot.getDomainAxis().setTickMarkPaint(lineColor);// X坐标轴标记|竖线颜色
}
/**
* 设置XY图表(XYPlot) Y坐标轴线条颜色和样式 同时防止数据无法显示
*
* @param plot
*/
public static void setXY_YAixs(XYPlot plot) {
Color lineColor = new Color(192, 208, 224);
ValueAxis axis = plot.getRangeAxis();
axis.setAxisLinePaint(lineColor);// X坐标轴颜色
axis.setTickMarkPaint(lineColor);// X坐标轴标记|竖线颜色
// 隐藏Y刻度
axis.setAxisLineVisible(false);
axis.setTickMarksVisible(false);
// Y轴网格线条
plot.setRangeGridlinePaint(new Color(192, 192, 192));
plot.setRangeGridlineStroke(new BasicStroke(1));
plot.setDomainGridlinesVisible(false);
plot.getRangeAxis().setUpperMargin(0.12);// 设置顶部Y坐标轴间距,防止数据无法显示
plot.getRangeAxis().setLowerMargin(0.12);// 设置底部Y坐标轴间距
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Map<String, Double> map=new HashMap<String, Double>();
map.put("冠心病", (double) 1000);
map.put("脑卒中", (double) 700);
map.put("肺结核", (double) 600);
map.put("糖尿病", (double) 400);
map.put("高血压", (double) 100);
map.put("精神病", (double) 2000);
createPiePort("慢病统计结果", map,"E:\\data\\aa.jpg");
Map<String, Double> map1=new HashMap<String, Double>();
//设置第一期的投票信息
map1.put("2020-02-03", (double) 700);
map1.put("2020-02-04", (double) 1000);
map1.put("2020-02-05", (double) 600);
map1.put("2020-02-06", (double) 400);
map1.put("2020-02-07", (double) 4000);
map1.put("2020-02-08", (double) 1200);
map1.put("2020-02-09", (double) 800);
createLinePort("近7日金额(日报)",map1,"日期","金额（元）","E:\\data\\bb.jpg");
Map<String, Double> map2=new HashMap<String, Double>();
map2.put("冠心病", (double) 1000);
map2.put("脑卒中", (double) 700);
map2.put("肺结核", (double) 600);
map2.put("糖尿病", (double) 400);
map2.put("高血压", (double) 100);
map2.put("精神病", (double) 2000);
createBarPort("慢病统计结果", map2,"E:\\data\\cc.jpg");
}
}
二、echarts，这个需要依赖一些小工具phantomjs、echarts-convert
phantomjs下载地址：https://phantomjs.org/download.html
echarts-convert下载地址：https://gitee.com/saintlee/echartsconvert
首先按照phantomjs文档配置环境变量，其次启动服务：
phantomjs echarts-convert.js的路径 -s -p 端口号
windows下实例：phantomjs echarts-convert.js -s -p 6666
其他雷同
这个地方注意下，很多文档直接带入参数或者json之类的来指定输入输出文件地址来生成，个人测试只有这种方式能够生成：phantomjs echarts-convert.js的路径 -infile 数据文件路径 -outfile 输出的文件路径
另一个注意事项，echarts-convert下载后，不需要改动文件，不需要用jquery，什么都不要动。
下面就可以愉快的开始了：
说明：本文直接通过freemarker远程访问刚才的启动的服务端口来生成的图片
以下内容转载地址: https://www.jianshu.com/p/dfc28fd7d786
和原文有非常小的区别，比如文件存放路径之类的。
1、pom.xml文件：
<!--phantomjs服务端模式-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.freemarker</groupId>
<artifactId>freemarker</artifactId>
<version>2.3.28</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.5.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.56</version>
</dependency>
2、EchartsUtil.java 工具类
package com.example.poiword.phantomjs;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
public class EchartsUtil {
private static String url = "http://localhost:6666";
private static final String SUCCESS_CODE = "1";
public static String generateEchartsBase64(String option) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {
String base64 = "";
if (option == null) {
return base64;
}
option = option.replaceAll("\\s+", "").replaceAll("\"", "'");
// 将option字符串作为参数发送给echartsConvert服务器
Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("opt", option);
String response = HttpUtil.post(url, params, "utf-8");
// 解析echartsConvert响应
JSONObject responseJson = JSON.parseObject(response);
String code = responseJson.getString("code");
// 如果echartsConvert正常返回
if (SUCCESS_CODE.equals(code)) {
base64 = responseJson.getString("data");
}
// 未正常返回
else {
String string = responseJson.getString("msg");
throw new RuntimeException(string);
}
return base64;
}
}
3、FreemarkerUtil.java
package com.example.poiword.phantomjs;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.util.Map;
import freemarker.template.Configuration;
import freemarker.template.Template;
import freemarker.template.TemplateException;
public class FreemarkerUtil {
private static final String path = FreemarkerUtil.class.getClassLoader().getResource("").getPath();
public static String generateString(String templateFileName, String templateDirectory, Map<String, Object> datas)
throws IOException, TemplateException {
Configuration configuration = new Configuration(Configuration.VERSION_2_3_0);
// 设置默认编码
configuration.setDefaultEncoding("UTF-8");
// 设置模板所在文件夹
configuration.setDirectoryForTemplateLoading(new File(path + templateDirectory));
// 生成模板对象
Template template = configuration.getTemplate(templateFileName);
// 将datas写入模板并返回
try (StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter()) {
template.process(datas, stringWriter);
stringWriter.flush();
return stringWriter.getBuffer().toString();
}
}
}
4、HttpUtil.java
package com.example.poiword.phantomjs;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
public class HttpUtil {
public static String post(String url, Map<String, String> params, String charset)
throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {
String responseEntity = "";
// 创建CloseableHttpClient对象
CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();
// 创建post方式请求对象
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
// 生成请求参数
List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairs = new ArrayList<>();
if (params != null) {
for (Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
}
}
// 将参数添加到post请求中
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs, charset));
// 发送请求，获取结果（同步阻塞）
CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(httpPost);
// 获取响应实体
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if (entity != null) {
// 按指定编码转换结果实体为String类型
responseEntity = EntityUtils.toString(entity, charset);
}
// 释放资源
EntityUtils.consume(entity);
response.close();
return responseEntity;
}
}
5、option.ftl 这里可以根据官方文档来配置不同的图表
{
title: {
text:'${title}',
x:'middle',
textAlign:'center'
},
xAxis: {
type: 'category',
data: ${categories}
},
yAxis: {
type: 'value'
},
series: [{
data: ${values},
type: 'pie'
}]
}
6、App.java
package com.example.poiword.phantomjs;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import freemarker.template.TemplateException;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import sun.misc.BASE64Decoder;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
/**
* @program: poi-word
* @description:
* @author: sunhui
* @create: 2020-08-26 11:24
**/
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException, TemplateException {
// 变量
String title = "水果";
String[] categories = new String[] { "苹果", "香蕉", "西瓜" };
int[] values = new int[] { 3, 2, 1 };
// 模板参数
HashMap<String, Object> datas = new HashMap<>();
datas.put("categories", JSON.toJSONString(categories));
datas.put("values", JSON.toJSONString(values));
datas.put("title", title);
// 生成option字符串
String option = FreemarkerUtil.generateString("option.ftl", "/templates", datas);
// 根据option参数
String base64 = EchartsUtil.generateEchartsBase64(option);
System.out.println("BASE64:" + base64);
generateImage(base64, "E:\\echarts-back\\new1\\test-pie.png");
}
public static void generateImage(String base64, String path) throws IOException {
BASE64Decoder decoder = new BASE64Decoder();
try (OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(path)){
// 解密
byte[] b = decoder.decodeBuffer(base64);
for (int i = 0; i < b.length; ++i) {
if (b[i] < 0) {
b[i] += 256;
}
}
out.write(b);
out.flush();
}
}
}
