centos使用tar.gz安装mysql

安装mysql:
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/file/?id=485665 下载mysql5.7的tar.gz安装包
并上传到服务器 /usr/local/目录下

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# rm /etc/my.cnf
rm: 无法删除"/etc/my.cnf": 没有那个文件或目录
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa|grep mysql
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql
[root@localhost ~]# passwd mysql
更改用户 mysql 的密码 。
新的 密码：
无效的密码： 密码少于 8 个字符
重新输入新的 密码：
passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# ls
bin  etc  games  include  lib  lib64  libexec  mysql-5.7.26-el7-x86_64.tar.gz  sbin  share  src
[root@localhost local]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
[root@localhost local]# tar -vxzf mysql-5.7.26-el7-x86_64.tar.gz
......
[root@localhost local]# ls
bin  etc  games  include  lib  lib64  libexec  mysql  mysql-5.7.26-el7-x86_64.tar.gz  sbin  share  src
[root@localhost local]# rm -rf mysql-5.7.26-el7-x86_64.tar.gz 
[root@localhost local]# mv mysql-5.7.26-el7-x86_64 mysql
[root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql mysql/
[root@localhost local]# chgrp -R mysql mysql/
[root@localhost local]# cd mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir data
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql data
[root@localhost mysql]# touch /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
skip-name-resolve
port=3306
# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
# 允许最大连接数
max_connections=2000
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集
character-set-server=utf8
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB
lower_case_table_names=1
max_allowed_packet=16M

[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
2019-07-22 14:24:11 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
2019-07-22 14:24:16 [WARNING] The bootstrap log isn't empty:
2019-07-22 14:24:16 [WARNING] 2019-07-22T06:24:13.144456Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead
2019-07-22T06:24:13.147265Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 10000)
2019-07-22T06:24:13.147282Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_connections: 214 (requested 2000)
2019-07-22T06:24:13.147286Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 400 (requested 2000)

[root@localhost mysql]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# chown 777 /etc/my.cnf 
[root@localhost mysql]# chmod a+x /etc/init.d/mysqld 
[root@localhost mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
 ERROR! MySQL server PID file could not be found!
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
 SUCCESS! 
[root@localhost mysql]# ps -aux|grep mysqld
root       4052  0.0  0.1 113308  1644 pts/1    S    14:25   0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.pid
mysql      4239  2.7 16.9 1120120 169380 pts/1  Sl   14:25   0:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=localhost.localdomain.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.pid --port=3306
root       4269  0.0  0.0 112720   984 pts/1    R+   14:25   0:00 grep --color=auto mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# kill -9 4052
[root@localhost mysql]# kill -9 4239
[root@localhost mysql]# ps -aux|grep mysqld
root       4271  0.0  0.0 112720   984 pts/1    R+   14:25   0:00 grep --color=auto mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL SUCCESS! 
[root@localhost mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --list mysqld

注：该输出结果只显示 SysV 服务，并不包含
原生 systemd 服务。SysV 配置数据
可能被原生 systemd 配置覆盖。 

      要列出 systemd 服务，请执行 'systemctl list-unit-files'。
      查看在具体 target 启用的服务请执行
      'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'。

mysqld          0:关 1:关 2:开 3:开 4:开 5:开 6:关
[root@localhost mysql]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld 
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --list mysqld

注：该输出结果只显示 SysV 服务，并不包含
原生 systemd 服务。SysV 配置数据
可能被原生 systemd 配置覆盖。 

      要列出 systemd 服务，请执行 'systemctl list-unit-files'。
      查看在具体 target 启用的服务请执行
      'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'。

mysqld          0:关 1:关 2:开 3:开 4:开 5:开 6:关
[root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld status
 SUCCESS! MySQL running (4728)
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/profile
在末尾加上： export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
[root@localhost mysql]# source /etc/profile
[root@localhost mysql]# cat /root/.mysql_secret 
# Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2019-07-22 14:24:11 
pf)sp&qfF%fb

pf)sp&qfF%fb 这个是上面生成mysql初始密码，复制后，在下面的 Enter password中粘贴进去

[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.26

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> set password=password('123456')
    -> ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.26 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye
[root@localhost mysql]#