React JSON Schema Form
2018-01-19 本文已影响654人
nick121212
最近在用ant design做后台管理系统,表单真是蛋疼的存在。
下面贴一段截自与ant design官网的代码
import { Form, Icon, Input, Button } from 'antd';
const FormItem = Form.Item;
function hasErrors(fieldsError) {
return Object.keys(fieldsError).some(field => fieldsError[field]);
}
class HorizontalLoginForm extends React.Component {
componentDidMount() {
// To disabled submit button at the beginning.
this.props.form.validateFields();
}
handleSubmit = (e) => {
e.preventDefault();
this.props.form.validateFields((err, values) => {
if (!err) {
console.log('Received values of form: ', values);
}
});
}
render() {
const { getFieldDecorator, getFieldsError, getFieldError, isFieldTouched } = this.props.form;
// Only show error after a field is touched.
const userNameError = isFieldTouched('userName') && getFieldError('userName');
const passwordError = isFieldTouched('password') && getFieldError('password');
return (
<Form layout="inline" onSubmit={this.handleSubmit}>
<FormItem
validateStatus={userNameError ? 'error' : ''}
help={userNameError || ''}
>
{getFieldDecorator('userName', {
rules: [{ required: true, message: 'Please input your username!' }],
})(
<Input prefix={<Icon type="user" style={{ fontSize: 13 }} />} placeholder="Username" />
)}
</FormItem>
<FormItem
validateStatus={passwordError ? 'error' : ''}
help={passwordError || ''}
>
{getFieldDecorator('password', {
rules: [{ required: true, message: 'Please input your Password!' }],
})(
<Input prefix={<Icon type="lock" style={{ fontSize: 13 }} />} type="password" placeholder="Password" />
)}
</FormItem>
<FormItem>
<Button
type="primary"
htmlType="submit"
disabled={hasErrors(getFieldsError())}
>
Log in
</Button>
</FormItem>
</Form>
);
}
}
const WrappedHorizontalLoginForm = Form.create()(HorizontalLoginForm);
ReactDOM.render(<WrappedHorizontalLoginForm />, mountNode);
代码看的是真心累,各种方法属性以及html混合在一起,第一眼就不想看了。
思考:有没有方便简单的方式来定义一个表单,像下面这样的:
{
"userName":{
required:true,
type:"string",
message:{
required:"Please input your username!"
}
},
"password":{
required:true,
type:"string",
message:{
required:"Please input your Password!"
}
}
}
在公共代码库中找了下,还真有类似的类库, react-jsonschema-form;这个库只需要提供2份配置即可生成出界面,一份是json schema,一份是ui schema。真是便利的表单,配置即代码。
下面来看下简单的配置:
{
"title": "A registration form",
"description": "A simple form example.",
"type": "object",
"required": [
"firstName",
"lastName"
],
"properties": {
"firstName": {
"type": "string",
"title": "First name"
},
"lastName": {
"type": "string",
"title": "Last name"
},
"age": {
"type": "integer",
"title": "Age"
},
"bio": {
"type": "string",
"title": "Bio"
},
"password": {
"type": "string",
"title": "Password",
"minLength": 3
},
"telephone": {
"type": "string",
"title": "Telephone",
"minLength": 10
}
}
}
{
"firstName": {
"ui:autofocus": true,
"ui:emptyValue": ""
},
"age": {
"ui:widget": "updown",
"ui:title": "Age of person",
"ui:description": "(earthian year)"
},
"bio": {
"ui:widget": "textarea"
},
"password": {
"ui:widget": "password",
"ui:help": "Hint: Make it strong!"
},
"date": {
"ui:widget": "alt-datetime"
},
"telephone": {
"ui:options": {
"inputType": "tel"
}
}
}
json schema可以放在公共服务器,后端也可以使用同样的json schema来验证数据的合法性,同样的验证方式,同样的错误消息,真实简单实用。
但是很快问题就来了:
- 当表单的布局很复杂的时候怎么办;比如firstName和lastName一行,使用一个fieldSet来包裹,其他使用默认的配置生成表单。
- 当需要扩展功能的时候,比如我需要一个显示/隐藏的功能;当firstName和lastName都填写之后才显示其他字段等等。
- 当我一些动态数据的需求的时候,比如select的数据是从接口获取并填充到组件的;又或者隐藏/显示数组的子项等等。
基于上面的问题,怎么解决呢?
json schema的定义:
{
"definitions": {
"address": {
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"street_address": {
"type": "string"
},
"city": {
"type": "string"
},
"state": {
"type": "string"
}
},
"required": [
"street_address",
"city",
"state"
]
},
"node": {
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"name": {
"type": "string"
},
"children": {
"type": "array",
"items": {
"$ref": "#/definitions/node"
}
}
}
}
},
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"billing_address": {
"title": "Billing address",
"$ref": "#/definitions/address"
},
"shipping_address": {
"title": "Shipping address",
"$ref": "#/definitions/address"
},
"tree": {
"title": "Recursive references",
"$ref": "#/definitions/node"
}
}
}
ui schema的定义
{
"ui:order": [
"shipping_address",
"billing_address",
"tree"
]
}
【shipping_address】字段的生成结果
首先让我们来看一看表单中的每一个项由什么组成。
- 首先这里定义了一个fieldset,显示为Shipping address
- 其次这里的数据结构为:Object -> [string,string,string],对应的表单显示为:ObjectField-> [ FieldTemplate->BaseInput, FieldTemplate->BaseInput, FieldTemplate->BaseInput ];
有没有可能定义出ObjectField-> RowTemplate->[ ColTemplate->FormItemTemplate->BaseInput, ColTemplate->FormItemTemplate->BaseInput, ColTemplate->FormItemTemplate->BaseInput ]这样的结构;这里要定义多模板,只能自定义Field来满足需求,但是模板不能够复用,很蛋疼。当然还有很多问题需要解决,比如ColTemplate中的span、pull和push如何来定义等。
针对以上的问题,我们来修改一下结构。
修改后的表单结构