43. pytest-fixture

fixture概念fixture是 pytest 用于将测试前后进行预备、清理工作的代码处理机制。

fixture相对于setup和teardown来说有以下几点优势:
fixure命名更加灵活，局限性比较小
conftest.py 配置里面可以实现数据共享，不需要import就能自动找到一些配置

image.png

# pytest.ini
[pytest]
;使用testpaths指定测试用例运行目录或者运行文件
testpaths = ./CH0/
;markers=
;    pro:pro
;    test:test

addopts: -vs

autouse=True: 强制每个函数都会调用该fixture。 不设定，则默认 autouse=False

import pytest


@pytest.fixture(scope="function",autouse=True)
def fixture1():
    print("我是前置步骤1。。。")
    return 1


@pytest.fixture(scope="function")
def fixture2():
    print("我是前置步骤2。。。")
    return 1


def test_fixture1():
    assert 1 == 1


def test_fixture2(fixture2):
    assert 1 == 1


if __name__ == '__main__':
    pytest.main()

利用fixture执行代码中公共的部分，减少重复代码

import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By


@pytest.fixture()
def driver():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.maximize_window()
    return driver


class TestBaidu:

    def test_baidu(self, driver):
        driver.get("https://www.baidu.com/")
        title = driver.title
        url = driver.current_url
        text = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'a[href="http://news.baidu.com"]').text
        button_text = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'su').accessible_name
        assert title == "百度一下，你就知道"
        assert url == "https://www.baidu.com/"
        assert text == "新闻"
        assert button_text == "百度一下"

    def test_baidu1(self,driver):
        driver.get("https://www.baidu.com/")
        title = driver.title
        url = driver.current_url
        text = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'a[href="http://news.baidu.com"]').text
        button_text = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'su').accessible_name
        assert title == "百度一下，你就知道"
        assert url == "https://www.baidu.com/"
        assert text == "新闻"
        assert button_text == "百度一下1"


if __name__ == '__main__':
    pytest.main()

scope = class，则每个类调用一次。对于该案例，只打开一次浏览器. class是我们更希望用的

import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By


@pytest.fixture(scope="class")
def driver():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.maximize_window()
    print("打开浏览器")
    return driver


class TestBaidu:

    def test_baidu(self, driver):
        driver.get("https://www.baidu.com/")
        title = driver.title
        url = driver.current_url
        text = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'a[href="http://news.baidu.com"]').text
        button_text = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'su').accessible_name
        assert title == "百度一下，你就知道"
        assert url == "https://www.baidu.com/"
        assert text == "新闻"
        assert button_text == "百度一下"

    def test_baidu1(self, driver):
        driver.get("https://www.baidu.com/")
        title = driver.title
        url = driver.current_url
        text = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'a[href="http://news.baidu.com"]').text
        button_text = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'su').accessible_name
        assert title == "百度一下，你就知道"
        assert url == "https://www.baidu.com/"
        assert text == "新闻"
        assert button_text == "百度一下"


if __name__ == '__main__':
    pytest.main()

scope=module，当前测试用例效果与scope=class同

import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By


@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
def driver():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.maximize_window()
    print("打开浏览器")
    return driver


class TestBaidu:

    def test_baidu(self, driver):
        driver.get("https://www.baidu.com/")
        title = driver.title
        url = driver.current_url
        text = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'a[href="http://news.baidu.com"]').text
        button_text = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'su').accessible_name
        assert title == "百度一下，你就知道"
        assert url == "https://www.baidu.com/"
        assert text == "新闻"
        assert button_text == "百度一下"

    def test_baidu1(self, driver):
        driver.get("https://www.baidu.com/")
        title = driver.title
        url = driver.current_url
        text = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'a[href="http://news.baidu.com"]').text
        button_text = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'su').accessible_name
        assert title == "百度一下，你就知道"
        assert url == "https://www.baidu.com/"
        assert text == "新闻"
        assert button_text == "百度一下"


if __name__ == '__main__':
    pytest.main()

scope=session

import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By


@pytest.fixture(scope="session")
def driver():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.maximize_window()
    print("打开浏览器")
    return driver


class TestBaidu:

    def test_baidu(self, driver):
        driver.get("https://www.baidu.com/")
        title = driver.title
        url = driver.current_url
        text = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'a[href="http://news.baidu.com"]').text
        button_text = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'su').accessible_name
        assert title == "百度一下，你就知道"
        assert url == "https://www.baidu.com/"
        assert text == "新闻"
        assert button_text == "百度一下"

    def test_baidu1(self, driver):
        driver.get("https://www.baidu.com/")
        title = driver.title
        url = driver.current_url
        text = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'a[href="http://news.baidu.com"]').text
        button_text = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'su').accessible_name
        assert title == "百度一下，你就知道"
        assert url == "https://www.baidu.com/"
        assert text == "新闻"
        assert button_text == "百度一下"


if __name__ == '__main__':
    pytest.main()