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基于DownloadManager的简单下载器

2017-12-17  本文已影响55人  Arestory

一直听说过Android自带的DownloadManager,只是拖延症发作,一直没有时间去研究研究,其实在很多项目开发中,都有一个功能是非常重要的,那就是应用的检查更新了!基于DownloadManager,可以做一个轻量级的下载器,将下载任务交给系统去执行,减轻自身APP的压力,何乐而不为呢?!

DownloadManager的基本使用姿势

通过getSystemService进行实例化

DownloadManager downloadManager = (DownloadManager)context.getSystemService(Context.DOWNLOAD_SERVICE);

构建下载请求

DownloadManager.Request request = new DownloadManager.Request(Uri.parse("目标文件下载地址"));
//设置目标文件夹,如果你想在系统的storage目录下载一个testDownload/test/test.apk
request.setDestinationInExternalPublicDir("testDownload", "test/test.apk");
//设置下载所需的网络环境,设置了移动网络和WiFi环境下均能下载 request.setAllowedNetworkTypes(DownloadManager.Request.NETWORK_MOBILE | DownloadManager.Request.NETWORK_WIFI);
//通知栏设置
//显示在通知栏
request.setNotificationVisibility(DownloadManager.Request.VISIBILITY_VISIBLE);

注意!!!如果选择不显示在通知栏,那么必须声明以下权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.DOWNLOAD_WITHOUT_NOTIFICATION" />

然后设置不可见

request.setNotificationVisibility(DownloadManager.Request.VISIBILITY_HIDDEN);

否则将会抛出一个securityException

//设置文件类型为apk类型,当downloadManager调用openFile时会唤起相应的程序
request.setMimeType("application/cn.trinea.download.file");
 //开始下载,得到一个唯一的downloadId,大有用处
long downloadId = downloadManager.enqueue(request);

如何获取下载的情况呢

private int[] getBytesAndStatus(long downloadId) {

       //构建一个数组,存放已下载文件大小、总大小、下载状态
       int[] bytesAndStatus = new int[]{
               -1, -1, 0
       };
       //通过构建下载请求时获得的downloadId进行文件查询
       DownloadManager.Query query = new DownloadManager.Query().setFilterById(downloadId);
       Cursor cursor = null;
       try {
           cursor = downloadManager.query(query);
           if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
               //已经下载文件大小
               bytesAndStatus[0] = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(DownloadManager.COLUMN_BYTES_DOWNLOADED_SO_FAR));
               //下载文件的总大小
               bytesAndStatus[1] = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(DownloadManager.COLUMN_TOTAL_SIZE_BYTES));
               //下载状态
               bytesAndStatus[2] = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(DownloadManager.COLUMN_STATUS));
           }
       } finally {
           if (cursor != null) {
               cursor.close();
           }
       }
       return bytesAndStatus;
   }

注册监听文件下载成功的广播

private BroadcastReceiver downloadCompleteReceiver;
downloadCompleteReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
            @Override
            public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
                //文件下载成功时
                 DownloadManager.Query query = new DownloadManager.Query();
                //通过下载的id查找
                query.setFilterById(downloadId);
                Cursor c = downloadManager.query(query);
                if (c.moveToFirst()) {
                        int status = c.getInt(c.getColumnIndex(DownloadManager.COLUMN_STATUS));
                       switch (status) {
                            //下载完成
                            case DownloadManager.STATUS_SUCCESSFUL:

                                  break;

                              }

                  }
            }
        };
//注册,这里只能拦截文件下载成功的广播,并不能进行进度监听,在适当的地方取消订阅广播
context.registerReceiver(downloadCompleteReceiver,
                new IntentFilter(DownloadManager.ACTION_DOWNLOAD_COMPLETE));

网上很多博客都是通过自定义ContentObserver获取本地文件变化,其实可以另辟蹊径,通过一个定时器间隔调用以上getBytesAndStatus(long downloadId)能达到同样的效果,用Rxjava实现一个简单的定时器

/**
  * 由于DownloadManager自身没有提供实时进度的api,所以通过以下定时器获取已下载的文件大小
  */
   private void updateProgress() {
               //每隔0.5秒刷新一次进度,在适当的地方记得注销 timeDisposable
                Disposable  timeDisposable = Observable.interval(500, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS).subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())
               .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()).subscribe(new DataConsumer<Long>() {
                   @Override
                   public void acceptData(@io.reactivex.annotations.NonNull Long aLong) {

                       int [ ]  bytesAndStatus = getBytesAndStatus(downloadId);
                       //todo 在这里进行回调即可
                   }
               });

   }

了解完DownloadManager基本的使用方式,那么基于它来封装一个简单易用的下载器吧!

实现效果

  DownloadHelper.Builder builder = new DownloadHelper.Builder(this).title("下载通知")
                    .description("正在下载新版本V1.2.0")
                    .downloadUrl("http://download.sj.qq.com/upload/connAssitantDownload/upload/MobileAssistant_1.apk")
                    .fileSaveName("MobileAssistant_1.apk").fileSavePath("testDownload")
                    .notifyVisible(true)
                    .fileType(DownloadHelper.FileType.APK).apkInstallHint(true).onProgressListener(new DownloadHelper.OnDownloadProgressListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onProgress(int downloadedSize, int totalSize) {

                            int progress =(int)((downloadedSize*1.0f/totalSize)*100);
                            Logger.d("progress=%d",progress);
                             //进度回调

                        }

                        @Override
                        public void onSuccess(Uri fileUri) {
                          //文件下载成功回调的Uri
 

                        }

                        @Override
                        public void onFail() {
                          //文件下载失败
    

                        }

                        @Override
                        public void fileAlreadyExits(File file) { 
                        //当你想重复下载同样的文件时,本地检测是否存在同样的文件,进行回调
                          
                        }
                    });
            DownloadHelper downloadHelper = builder.build();
            //开始下载
            downloadHelper.start();
            //移除下载任务
            downloadHelper.deleteDownloadFile();

源码请到https://github.com/yuwenque/SimpleDownloadHelper.git

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