django中的全文检索

2017-07-15  本文已影响165人  伍只蚊

全文检索

操作

1.在虚拟环境中依次安装包

pip install django-haystack
pip install whoosh
pip install jieba ```

2.修改settings.py文件

添加应用
INSTALLED_APPS = (
...
'haystack',
)

添加搜索引擎
HAYSTACK_CONNECTIONS = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'haystack.backends.whoosh_cn_backend.WhooshEngine',
'PATH': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'whoosh_index'),
}
}

自动生成索引

HAYSTACK_SIGNAL_PROCESSOR = 'haystack.signals.RealtimeSignalProcessor'

3.在项目的urls.py中添加url

urlpatterns = [
...
url(r'^search/', include('haystack.urls')),
]

4.在应用目录下建立search_indexes.py文件

coding=utf-8

from haystack import indexes
from models import GoodsInfo

class GoodsInfoIndex(indexes.SearchIndex, indexes.Indexable):
text = indexes.CharField(document=True, use_template=True)

def get_model(self):
    return GoodsInfo

def index_queryset(self, using=None):
    return self.get_model().objects.all()

5.在目录“templates/search/indexes/应用名称/”下创建“模型类名称_text.txt”文件

goodsinfo_text.txt,这里列出了要对哪些列的内容进行检索

{{ object.gName }}
{{ object.gSubName }}
{{ object.gDes }}
6.在目录“templates/search/”下建立search.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
{% if query %}
<h3>搜索结果如下:</h3>
{% for result in page.object_list %}
<a href="/{{ result.object.id }}/">{{ result.object.gName }}</a>

{% empty %}
<p>啥也没找到</p>
{% endfor %}

{% if page.has_previous or page.has_next %}
    <div>
        {% if page.has_previous %}<a href="?q={{ query }}&amp;page={{ page.previous_page_number }}">{% endif %}&laquo; 上一页{% if page.has_previous %}</a>{% endif %}
    |
        {% if page.has_next %}<a href="?q={{ query }}&amp;page={{ page.next_page_number }}">{% endif %}下一页 &raquo;{% if page.has_next %}</a>{% endif %}
    </div>
{% endif %}

{% endif %}
</body>
</html>
7.建立ChineseAnalyzer.py文件

保存在haystack的安装文件夹下,路径如“/home/python/.virtualenvs/django_py2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/haystack/backends”
import jieba
from whoosh.analysis import Tokenizer, Token

class ChineseTokenizer(Tokenizer):
def call(self, value, positions=False, chars=False,
keeporiginal=False, removestops=True,
start_pos=0, start_char=0, mode='', **kwargs):
t = Token(positions, chars, removestops=removestops, mode=mode,
**kwargs)
seglist = jieba.cut(value, cut_all=True)
for w in seglist:
t.original = t.text = w
t.boost = 1.0
if positions:
t.pos = start_pos + value.find(w)
if chars:
t.startchar = start_char + value.find(w)
t.endchar = start_char + value.find(w) + len(w)
yield t

def ChineseAnalyzer():
return ChineseTokenizer()
8.复制whoosh_backend.py文件,改名为whoosh_cn_backend.py

注意:复制出来的文件名,末尾会有一个空格,记得要删除这个空格
from .ChineseAnalyzer import ChineseAnalyzer
查找
analyzer=StemmingAnalyzer()
改为
analyzer=ChineseAnalyzer()
9.生成索引

初始化索引数据
python manage.py rebuild_index

注意是templates/search/indexes/应用 目录下
![捕获.PNG](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i2257864/c1baf7d1af29b358.PNG?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)

get方式查询
http://127.0.0.1:8000/search/?q=参数&page=1


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