编译安装http、sed的用法实例

1、自建yum仓库，分别为网络源和本地源

#CentOS8创建网络源
[root@localhost ~]#vim ali_erpo.sh 
#!/bin/bash
mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d/backup
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/backup
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/aliyun.repo <<EOF
[AppStream]
name=AppStream
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/\$releasever/AppStream/\$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=0

[BaseOS]
name=BaseOS
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/\$releasever/BaseOS/\$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=0

[epel]
name=EPEL
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/\$releasever/Everything/\$basearch/
gpgcheck=0

EOF

echo "创建成功！"

#创建本地源
[root@localhost ~]#Vim local_repo.sh 
#!/bin/bash
yum -y install autofs
systemctl enable --now autofs
lsblk |grep 'sr0'&& echo "光盘已插入"||( "光盘未插入请检查" && exit )
mkdir -p  /mnt/cdroom
mount -r /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdroom
echo "/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdroom  挂载成功"
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo <<EOF
[Appstream]
name=AppStream
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdroom/AppStream/
gpgcheck=0

[BaseOS]
name=BaseOS
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdroom/BaseOS/
gpgcheck=0
EOF

echo "创建成功！ "

2、编译安装http2.4，实现可以正常访问，并将编译步骤和结果提交。

#1 关闭selinux 开启80端口
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce = 0
usage:  setenforce [ Enforcing | Permissive | 1 | 0 ]
#修改将“SELINUX=enforcing”更改为“SELINUX=disabled”，永久关闭SELINUX
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux   
...
SELINUX=disabled
...
#查看selinux状态
[root@localhost ~]# getenforce
Disabled
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --reload 
#2 安装对应编译工具和依赖包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install gcc make apr-devel apr-util-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel redhat-rpm-config
#3 下载并解压压缩包
[root@localhost ~]# tar xvf httpd-2.4.43.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
#4 配置
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.43/
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.43]# ./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd24 --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 --enable-ssl 
#5 编译安装
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.43]# make && make install
#6  配置环境
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.43]# echo 'PATH=/apps/httpd24/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/httpd24.sh 
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.43]# . /etc/profile.d/httpd24.sh 
#7 指定用apache用户运行
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.43]#useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin -d /var/www -c Apache -u 48 apache
#8 修改配置文件
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.43]#vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
......
167 User apache
168 Group apache
......
198 ServerName localhost:80
......
#9  启动服务
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.43]#apachectl restart
#10 查看状态
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.43]#ps aux
apache    23551  0.0  0.4 392664  4404 ?        Sl   23:38   0:00 /apps/httpd24/bin/httpd
apache    23552  0.0  0.4 392664  4404 ?        Sl   23:38   0:00 /apps/httpd24/bin/httpd
apache    23553  0.0  0.4 392664  4404 ?        Sl   23:38   0:00 /apps/httpd24/bin/httpd
#11 访问 10.0.0.202

3、利用sed 取出ifconfig命令中本机的IPv4地址

[root@localhost ~]#ifconfig ens160 |sed -nr "2s/[^0-9]+([0-9.]+).*/\1/p"
10.0.0.201

4、删除/etc/fstab文件中所有以#开头，后面至少跟一个空白字符的行的行首的#和空白字符

#查看文件源格式
[root@localhost ~]#cat /etc/fstab 
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Wed Dec  9 04:33:52 2020
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.
#
# After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd
# units generated from this file.
#
/dev/mapper/cl-root     /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=70489617-8843-487b-be19-4d0e4dbda82b /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2
/dev/mapper/cl-swap     swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
#对文件#开头的空格进行删除
[root@localhost ~]#sed -ri.bak '/^#[[:space:]]+/ s/^#[[:space:]]//' /etc/fstab
#删除后
[root@localhost ~]#cat /etc/fstab 

#
/etc/fstab
Created by anaconda on Wed Dec  9 04:33:52 2020
#
Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.
#
After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd
units generated from this file.
#
/dev/mapper/cl-root     /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=70489617-8843-487b-be19-4d0e4dbda82b /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2
/dev/mapper/cl-swap     swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

5、处理/etc/fstab路径,使用sed命令取出其目录名和基名

#取目录名
[root@localhost ~]# echo /etc/fstab | sed -rn 's#(.*)/([^/]+)/?#\1#p'
/etc

#取基名
[root@localhost ~]# echo /etc/fstab | sed -rn 's#(.*)/([^/]+)/?#\2#p'
fstab