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Android网络编程与json解析(天气APP)

2019-04-13  本文已影响97人  小蜉蝣星蔚

网络编程是安卓开发中必不可少的一个部分,这里会举一个天气APP的例子。

效果如下:

本文只讲述网络编程与json解析相关部分。定位,城市选择等其他内容可以自行查阅相关文章。


天气APP效果图
天气APP效果图
天气APP效果图

本次网络编程使用的是rxvolley,RxVolley是一个基于Volley的网络请求库;
json数据解析使用的是Google的gson
详细请见:
RxVolley使用文档
RxVolley官方项目地址github
RxVolley缺点:1.图片加载性能一般2.对大资源下载支持不够。由于我们本文只需获取天气信息,资源小没有图片(app中的图片是自己写的逻辑相应配的)
本文使用的接口如下:(和风天气等其他接口返回的数据大同小异不重复介绍)
https://www.apiopen.top/weatherApi?city=湘潭
访问后:

访问天气接口
使用下边的网站查看后的效果:
在线json格式化网站 json数据查看

这算是一个较为复杂的json数据了,我们开始用代码获取并解析,放入到APP中吧。

使用Gsonformat生成对应的java对象

GsonFormat是一个Android Studio中的插件,它可以大大提高我们生成Bean类时的速度

AndroidStudio中下载Jsonformat插件1 AndroidStudio中下载Jsonformat插件2

图二选中GsonFormat后右边会有个绿色的install按钮,我下载过了所以没显示。

使用插件也很方便,将访问接口的结果复制到剪贴板,新建一个java类,鼠标右键选中Generate后选择GsonFormat,将返回的json数据拷贝进去点击ok即可生成对应的数据类。


使用GsonFormat插件1.png
使用GsonFormat插件2.png
使用GsonFormat插件3.png

以下GsonFormat插件自动生成的代码

package com.lipiao.news;

import java.util.List;

public class WeatherBean {

    /**
     * code : 200
     * msg : 成功!
     * data : {"yesterday":{"date":"5日星期二","high":"高温 17℃","fx":"无持续风向","low":"低温 10℃","fl":"<![CDATA[<3级]]>","type":"晴"},"city":"成都","aqi":null,"forecast":[{"date":"6日星期三","high":"高温 15℃","fengli":"<![CDATA[<3级]]>","low":"低温 9℃","fengxiang":"无持续风向","type":"小雨"},{"date":"7日星期四","high":"高温 10℃","fengli":"<![CDATA[<3级]]>","low":"低温 7℃","fengxiang":"无持续风向","type":"小雨"},{"date":"8日星期五","high":"高温 10℃","fengli":"<![CDATA[<3级]]>","low":"低温 7℃","fengxiang":"无持续风向","type":"小雨"},{"date":"9日星期六","high":"高温 15℃","fengli":"<![CDATA[<3级]]>","low":"低温 8℃","fengxiang":"无持续风向","type":"多云"},{"date":"10日星期天","high":"高温 16℃","fengli":"<![CDATA[<3级]]>","low":"低温 9℃","fengxiang":"无持续风向","type":"多云"}],"ganmao":"天冷空气湿度大,易发生感冒,请注意适当增加衣服,加强自我防护避免感冒。","wendu":"10"}
     */

    private int code;
    private String msg;
    private DataBean data;

    public int getCode() {
        return code;
    }

    public void setCode(int code) {
        this.code = code;
    }

    public String getMsg() {
        return msg;
    }

    public void setMsg(String msg) {
        this.msg = msg;
    }

    public DataBean getData() {
        return data;
    }

    public void setData(DataBean data) {
        this.data = data;
    }

    public static class DataBean {
        /**
         * yesterday : {"date":"5日星期二","high":"高温 17℃","fx":"无持续风向","low":"低温 10℃","fl":"<![CDATA[<3级]]>","type":"晴"}
         * city : 成都
         * aqi : null
         * forecast : [{"date":"6日星期三","high":"高温 15℃","fengli":"<![CDATA[<3级]]>","low":"低温 9℃","fengxiang":"无持续风向","type":"小雨"},{"date":"7日星期四","high":"高温 10℃","fengli":"<![CDATA[<3级]]>","low":"低温 7℃","fengxiang":"无持续风向","type":"小雨"},{"date":"8日星期五","high":"高温 10℃","fengli":"<![CDATA[<3级]]>","low":"低温 7℃","fengxiang":"无持续风向","type":"小雨"},{"date":"9日星期六","high":"高温 15℃","fengli":"<![CDATA[<3级]]>","low":"低温 8℃","fengxiang":"无持续风向","type":"多云"},{"date":"10日星期天","high":"高温 16℃","fengli":"<![CDATA[<3级]]>","low":"低温 9℃","fengxiang":"无持续风向","type":"多云"}]
         * ganmao : 天冷空气湿度大,易发生感冒,请注意适当增加衣服,加强自我防护避免感冒。
         * wendu : 10
         */

        private YesterdayBean yesterday;
        private String city;
        private Object aqi;
        private String ganmao;
        private String wendu;
        private List<ForecastBean> forecast;

        public YesterdayBean getYesterday() {
            return yesterday;
        }

        public void setYesterday(YesterdayBean yesterday) {
            this.yesterday = yesterday;
        }

        public String getCity() {
            return city;
        }

        public void setCity(String city) {
            this.city = city;
        }

        public Object getAqi() {
            return aqi;
        }

        public void setAqi(Object aqi) {
            this.aqi = aqi;
        }

        public String getGanmao() {
            return ganmao;
        }

        public void setGanmao(String ganmao) {
            this.ganmao = ganmao;
        }

        public String getWendu() {
            return wendu;
        }

        public void setWendu(String wendu) {
            this.wendu = wendu;
        }

        public List<ForecastBean> getForecast() {
            return forecast;
        }

        public void setForecast(List<ForecastBean> forecast) {
            this.forecast = forecast;
        }

        public static class YesterdayBean {
            /**
             * date : 5日星期二
             * high : 高温 17℃
             * fx : 无持续风向
             * low : 低温 10℃
             * fl : <![CDATA[<3级]]>
             * type : 晴
             */

            private String date;
            private String high;
            private String fx;
            private String low;
            private String fl;
            private String type;

            public String getDate() {
                return date;
            }

            public void setDate(String date) {
                this.date = date;
            }

            public String getHigh() {
                return high;
            }

            public void setHigh(String high) {
                this.high = high;
            }

            public String getFx() {
                return fx;
            }

            public void setFx(String fx) {
                this.fx = fx;
            }

            public String getLow() {
                return low;
            }

            public void setLow(String low) {
                this.low = low;
            }

            public String getFl() {
                return fl;
            }

            public void setFl(String fl) {
                this.fl = fl;
            }

            public String getType() {
                return type;
            }

            public void setType(String type) {
                this.type = type;
            }
        }

        public static class ForecastBean {
            /**
             * date : 6日星期三
             * high : 高温 15℃
             * fengli : <![CDATA[<3级]]>
             * low : 低温 9℃
             * fengxiang : 无持续风向
             * type : 小雨
             */

            private String date;
            private String high;
            private String fengli;
            private String low;
            private String fengxiang;
            private String type;

            public String getDate() {
                return date;
            }

            public void setDate(String date) {
                this.date = date;
            }

            public String getHigh() {
                return high;
            }

            public void setHigh(String high) {
                this.high = high;
            }

            public String getFengli() {
                return fengli;
            }

            public void setFengli(String fengli) {
                this.fengli = fengli;
            }

            public String getLow() {
                return low;
            }

            public void setLow(String low) {
                this.low = low;
            }

            public String getFengxiang() {
                return fengxiang;
            }

            public void setFengxiang(String fengxiang) {
                this.fengxiang = fengxiang;
            }

            public String getType() {
                return type;
            }

            public void setType(String type) {
                this.type = type;
            }
        }
    }
}

接下来通过访问网络获取数据以及使用这个类。

1.添加网络访问权限:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
2.dependencies下导包:
implementation 'com.kymjs.rxvolley:rxvolley:1.1.4'//网络请求
implementation 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.5'//json解析
2.子线程下访问接口获取并解析成对象
private static WeatherBean weatherBean;
private String weatherUrl = "https://www.apiopen.top/weatherApi?city=";
//获取weatherBean
public WeatherBean getWeatherBean() {
        return weatherBean;
    }
    //初始化weatherbean
public void setWeatherBean(String city) {
        useWeatherApi(weatherUrl + city);
    }
private void useWeatherApi(String weatherUrl) {
        try {
            RxVolley.get(weatherUrl, new HttpCallback() {
                @Override
                public void onSuccess(String t) {
                    //解析返回的JSON数据
                    handleWeatherJson(t);
                }
            });
        }//try
        catch (Exception e) {
            //Log.d(TAG, "useApi: 错误");
        }
    }
 //解析json数据(weather)
    private void handleWeatherJson(String message) {
        JSONObject jsonObject = null;
        try {
            jsonObject = new JSONObject(message);
            Gson gson = new Gson();
            weatherBean = gson.fromJson(jsonObject.toString(), WeatherBean.class);
        } catch (JSONException e) {
            //Log.d(TAG, "handleWeatherJson: 错误");
        }
    }

这样,访问接口返回的json数据就赋给插件自动生成java对象了,需要用的时候就可以很方便的获取数据了,这里我是写了个工具类,总之获取那个WeatherBean对象即可。想用什么数据就get什么即可。

WeatherBean weatherBean= JsonUtil.getJsonUtil().getWeatherBean();
//location
weatherBean.getData().getCity();
//advice
weatherBean.getData().getGanmao();
//省略
//...

APP中每日一句也是同样的方法,数据更简单,这里不再赘述。
使用的是爱词霸的接口:
http://open.iciba.com/dsapi/

本来想上传至小米APP商店的,但....


QQ截图20190413204709.png

看来这APP还上不了台面...

于是就上传至蒲公英了,感兴趣的同学欢迎点击下方链接下载或扫描二维码下载
app下载地址

APP下载二维码.png

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