在项目中经常遇到一个Spring Boot工程要连接多个RabbitMQ。如果只连接一个，Spring Boot可以零配置连接RabbitMQ，这样不需要做额外的工作。但如果连接多个RabbitMQ，就得做一些配置了。

配置文件

application.properties

spring.application.name=rabbitmq-hello
 
# RabbitMQ
spring.rabbitmq.first.host=node9
spring.rabbitmq.first.port=5670
spring.rabbitmq.first.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.first.password=guest
 
spring.rabbitmq.second.host=localhost
spring.rabbitmq.second.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.second.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.second.password=guest
 
# MySQL
spring.datasource.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cloudtest
spring.datasource.username = root
spring.datasource.password = root
spring.datasource.driverClassName = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

代码

程序入口

HelloApplication.java

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
 
@SpringBootApplication
public class HelloApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(HelloApplication.class, args);
    }

}

RabbitMQ配置类

RabbitConfig.java

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.config.SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.amqp.SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactoryConfigurer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;

@Configuration
public class RabbitConfig {

    @Bean(name = "firstConnectionFactory")
    @Primary
    public ConnectionFactory firstConnectionFactory(
            @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.first.host}") String host,
            @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.first.port}") int port,
            @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.first.username}") String username,
            @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.first.password}") String password
    ) {
        CachingConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new CachingConnectionFactory();
        connectionFactory.setHost(host);
        connectionFactory.setPort(port);
        connectionFactory.setUsername(username);
        connectionFactory.setPassword(password);
        return connectionFactory;
    }

    @Bean(name = "secondConnectionFactory")
    public ConnectionFactory secondConnectionFactory(
            @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.second.host}") String host,
            @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.second.port}") int port,
            @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.second.username}") String username,
            @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.second.password}") String password
    ) {
        CachingConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new CachingConnectionFactory();
        connectionFactory.setHost(host);
        connectionFactory.setPort(port);
        connectionFactory.setUsername(username);
        connectionFactory.setPassword(password);
        return connectionFactory;
    }

    @Bean(name = "firstRabbitTemplate")
    @Primary
    public RabbitTemplate firstRabbitTemplate(
            @Qualifier("firstConnectionFactory") ConnectionFactory connectionFactory
    ) {
        RabbitTemplate firstRabbitTemplate = new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory);
        return firstRabbitTemplate;
    }

    @Bean(name = "secondRabbitTemplate")
    public RabbitTemplate secondRabbitTemplate(
            @Qualifier("secondConnectionFactory") ConnectionFactory connectionFactory
    ) {
        RabbitTemplate secondRabbitTemplate = new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory);
        return secondRabbitTemplate;
    }

    @Bean(name = "firstFactory")
    public SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory firstFactory(
            SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactoryConfigurer configurer,
            @Qualifier("firstConnectionFactory") ConnectionFactory connectionFactory
    ) {
        SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory factory = new SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory();
        configurer.configure(factory, connectionFactory);
        return factory;
    }

    @Bean(name = "secondFactory")
    public SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory secondFactory(
            SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactoryConfigurer configurer,
            @Qualifier("secondConnectionFactory") ConnectionFactory connectionFactory
    ) {
        SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory factory = new SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory();
        configurer.configure(factory, connectionFactory);
        return factory;
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue firstQueue() {
        System.out.println("configuration firstQueue ........................");
        return new Queue("hello1");
    }

    @Bean
    public Object secondQueue() {
        System.out.println("configuration secondQueue ........................");
        return new Queue("hello2");
    }
}

RabbitMQ中的消费者，接收first RabbitMQ中的队列hello1的数据

Receiver.java

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "hello1", containerFactory = "firstFactory")
public class Receiver {

    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(String hello) {
        System.out.println("Receiver : " + hello);
    }

}

RabbitMQ中的消费者，接收second RabbitMQ中的队列hello2的数据

Receiver2.java

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "hello2", containerFactory = "secondFactory")
public class Receiver2 {

    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(String hello) {
        System.out.println("Receiver : " + hello);
    }

}

RabbitMQ中的生产者，发送消息到first RabbitMQ中的队列hello1和hello2

Sender.java

import java.util.Date;
import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Sender {

    @Resource(name = "firstRabbitTemplate")
    private RabbitTemplate firstRabbitTemplate;

    public void send1() {
        String context = "hello1 " + new Date();
        System.out.println("Sender : " + context);
        this.firstRabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("hello1", context);
    }

    public void send2() {
        String context = "hello2 " + new Date();
        System.out.println("Sender : " + context);
        this.firstRabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("hello2", context);
    }

}

RabbitMQ中的生产者，发送消息到second RabbitMQ中的队列hello1和hello2

Sender2.java

import java.util.Date;
import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Sender {

    @Resource(name = "firstRabbitTemplate")
    private RabbitTemplate firstRabbitTemplate;

    public void send1() {
        String context = "hello1 " + new Date();
        System.out.println("Sender : " + context);
        this.firstRabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("hello1", context);
    }

    public void send2() {
        String context = "hello2 " + new Date();
        System.out.println("Sender : " + context);
        this.firstRabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("hello2", context);
    }

}

测试类，调用Sender发送消息

TestDemo01.java

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.SpringApplicationConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = HelloApplication.class)
public class TestDemo01 {

    @Autowired
    private Sender sender;

    @Autowired
    private Sender2 sender2;

    @Test
    public void hello() throws Exception {
        sender.send1();
        sender.send2();
    }

    @Test
    public void hello2() throws Exception {
        sender2.send1();
        sender2.send2();
    }
}

运行&测试

通过运行HelloApplication.Java，将程序中的Receiver启动一直监控着队列，然后通过运行TestDemo01.java中的测试案例，发送消息到队列中，这时可以发现运行HelloApplication的程序控制台将刚刚发送的消息打印出来。

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