Android5.0新特性

主要新特性概述

• 全新的Meterial Design风格
• 支持多种设备
• 全新的通知中心设计
• 支持64位ART虚拟机
  • Android5.0中，放弃了之前一直使用的Dalvik虚拟机，改用ART虚拟机
• Overview 多任务视窗
• 设备识别解锁
• Ok Google语音指令
• Face unlock 面部解锁

替换ListView、GridView的RecyclerView

CardView 卡片样式组件

3种Notification

• 普通Notification
• 折叠式Notification
  在折叠式的Notification中，我们需要自定义视图，而这个视图显式的进程和我们创建视图的进程不在一个进程，所以我们需要使用RemoteViews来创建我们的自定义视图
  下面我们来试着写一个折叠式的Notification
  • 布局文件
    • view_fold.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/iv_image"
        android:layout_width="100dp"
        android:layout_height="100dp"
        android:src="@mipmap/ic_launcher" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_text"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="30dp"
        android:text="展开后的视图"
        android:textColor="@color/design_default_color_primary_dark" />

</LinearLayout>

• java代码

  private void showFoldNotity() {
        NotificationManager notificationManager = (NotificationManager) this.getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
        Log.d("AndroidLight", "showFoldNotity");
        //使用RemoteView创建自定义视图
        NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this, getPackageName());
        Intent mIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, Uri.parse("http://www.baidu.com"));
        PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, mIntent, 0);
        builder.setContentIntent(pendingIntent);
        builder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher_m);
        builder.setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.ic_launcher));
        builder.setAutoCancel(true);
        builder.setContentTitle("悬挂式");
        builder.setFullScreenIntent(pendingIntent, true);

        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
            builder.setChannelId(getPackageName());


            NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel(
                    this.getPackageName(),
                    "会话消息(掌嗨)",
                    NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH

            );
            notificationManager.createNotificationChannel(channel);
        }
        Notification notification = builder.build();
        //折叠式
        RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(getPackageName(), R.layout.view_fold);
        notification.bigContentView = remoteViews;
        notification.contentView = remoteViews;
        notificationManager.notify(1, notification);

    }

• 悬挂式Notification

        builder.setFullScreenIntent(pendingIntent, true);

Toolbar与Palette

Toolbar是应用内容的标准工具栏，也可以说是Actionbar的升级版。

引入Toolbar

引入v7包

修改style

将style文件中的Actionbar去掉

    <style name="Theme.AndroidLight" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.NoActionBar">
        <!-- Primary brand color. -->
        <item name="colorPrimary">@color/purple_500</item>
        <item name="colorPrimaryVariant">@color/purple_700</item>
        <item name="colorOnPrimary">@color/white</item>
        <!-- Secondary brand color. -->
        <item name="colorSecondary">@color/teal_200</item>
        <item name="colorSecondaryVariant">@color/teal_700</item>
        <item name="colorOnSecondary">@color/black</item>
        <!-- Status bar color. -->
        <item name="android:statusBarColor" tools:targetApi="l">?attr/colorPrimaryVariant</item>
        <!-- Customize your theme here. -->
    </style>

Toolbar各个部分属性

• textColorPrimary 标题颜色
• colorPrimary 标题栏颜色
• colorPrimaryDark 状态栏颜色
• windowBackground 窗口背景颜色

• navigationBarColor 导航栏背景颜色

  
  image.png

定义toolbar.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.appcompat.widget.Toolbar xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/toolbar"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:background="?attr/colorPrimary"
    android:minHeight="?attr/actionBarSize"
    >
</androidx.appcompat.widget.Toolbar>

我们使用一个侧滑效果

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.appcompat.widget.LinearLayoutCompat xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".ToolBarDrawerLayoutActivity">

    <include layout="@layout/mytoolbar" />

    <androidx.drawerlayout.widget.DrawerLayout
        android:id="@+id/id_drawerlayout"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">

        <androidx.appcompat.widget.LinearLayoutCompat
            android:id="@+id/ll_content"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:orientation="vertical">

            <TextView
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:gravity="center"
                android:text="内容界面"
                android:textColor="@android:color/black" />
        </androidx.appcompat.widget.LinearLayoutCompat>

        <androidx.appcompat.widget.LinearLayoutCompat
            android:id="@+id/ll_tabs"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_gravity="start"
            android:background="@android:color/darker_gray"
            android:orientation="vertical">

            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/tv_close"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:clickable="true"
                android:gravity="center"
                android:text="侧滑界面，点击收回"
                android:textColor="@android:color/black" />
        </androidx.appcompat.widget.LinearLayoutCompat>
    </androidx.drawerlayout.widget.DrawerLayout>
</androidx.appcompat.widget.LinearLayoutCompat>

在Activity中设定Toolbar

public class ToolBarDrawerLayoutActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private Toolbar mToolbar;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_toolbar_drawer_layout);
        initViews();
    }

    private void initViews() {
        mToolbar = ((Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.toolbar));
        setSupportActionBar(mToolbar);
    }
}

• 运行效果

  
  image.png

自定义Toolbar

• 创建一个menu/main.xml

＜menu xmlns：android=＂http：//schemas.android.com/apk/res/android＂
 xmlns：app=＂http：//schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto＂
 xmlns：tools=＂http：//schemas.android.com/tools＂
 tools：context=＂.ToolbarActivity＂ ＞
 ＜item
 android：id=＂@+id/ab_search＂
 android：orderInCategory=＂80＂
 android：title=＂搜索＂
 app：actionViewClass=＂android.support.v7.widget.SearchView＂
 app：showAsAction=＂ifRoom＂/＞
 ＜item
 android：id=＂@+id/action_share＂
 android：orderInCategory=＂90＂
 android：title=＂分享＂
 app：actionProviderClass=＂android.support.v7.widget.ShareActionProvider＂
 app：showAsAction=＂ifRoom＂/＞
 ＜item
 android：id=＂@+id/action_settings＂
 android：orderInCategory=＂100＂
 android：title=＂设置＂
 app：showAsAction=＂never＂/＞
＜/menu＞

覆写onCreateOptionsMenu,并在toolbar的setOnMenuItemClickListener实现点击回调

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
        return true;
    }

toolbar.setOnMenuItemClickListener实现点击Menu回调

 private void initViews() {
        tv_close = ((TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_close));
        mToolbar = ((Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.toolbar));
        mToolbar.setTitle("ToolBar");
        setSupportActionBar(mToolbar);
        getSupportActionBar().setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true); //设置返回值图标
        getSupportActionBar().setLogo(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
        mToolbar.setOnMenuItemClickListener(new Toolbar.OnMenuItemClickListener() {
            @Override
            public boolean onMenuItemClick(MenuItem item) {
                switch (item.getItemId()) {
                    case R.id.action_settings:
                        Toast.makeText(ToolBarDrawerLayoutActivity.this, "setting", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        break;
                    case R.id.ab_share:
                        Toast.makeText(ToolBarDrawerLayoutActivity.this, "ab_share", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        break;
                    default:
                        break;
                }
                return true;
            }
        });
    }

添加DrawerLayout实现侧滑

 mDrawerLayout = ((DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.id_drawerlayout));
        //侧划开关绑定
        ActionBarDrawerToggle actionBarDrawerToggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle(this, mDrawerLayout, mToolbar, R.string.drawer_open, R.string.drawer_close);
        actionBarDrawerToggle.syncState();
        mDrawerLayout.addDrawerListener(actionBarDrawerToggle);
        tv_close.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                mDrawerLayout.closeDrawer(Gravity.LEFT);
            }
        });

Palette应用

Android 5.x使用Palette来提取颜色，从而让主题能够动态适应当前界面的色调