Spring之路

Spring和Token整合详解

2019-05-29  本文已影响0人  逍遥天扬

Spring和Token整合详解

一、官方主页

Spring Security

二、概述

Spring 是一个非常流行和成功的 Java 应用开发框架。Spring Security 基于 Spring 框架,提供了一套 Web 应用安全性的完整解决方案。一般来说,Web 应用的安全性包括用户认证(Authentication)和用户授权(Authorization)两个部分。用户认证指的是验证某个用户是否为系统中的合法主体,也就是说用户能否访问该系统。用户认证一般要求用户提供用户名和密码。系统通过校验用户名和密码来完成认证过程。用户授权指的是验证某个用户是否有权限执行某个操作。在一个系统中,不同用户所具有的权限是不同的。比如对一个文件来说,有的用户只能进行读取,而有的用户可以进行修改。一般来说,系统会为不同的用户分配不同的角色,而每个角色则对应一系列的权限。

Spring和Token整合,其实是对Spring Security 添加登陆和验证filter,不再以session作为登陆验证的标准,而是每次从请求中取token进行校验,如果token是正确的,解析出用户信息并交给Spring Security进行下一步操作。

Git地址:
Gitee

项目地址:
品茗IT-同步发布

品茗IT:提供在线快速构建Spring项目工具。

三、开始搭建

3.1 依赖Jar包

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"
    xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>cn.pomit</groupId>
        <artifactId>SpringWork</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <artifactId>Token</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>
    <name>Token</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.pomit</groupId>
            <artifactId>Mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
            <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <finalName>Token</finalName>
    </build>
</project>

父pom管理了所有依赖jar包的版本,地址:
https://www.pomit.cn/spring/SpringWork/pom.xml

3.2 web.xml配置Security

Spring整合Security需要配置Security的安全控制策略,首先需要在web.xml中配置Spring Security的filter。

在web.xml中加入这几行即可:

<!-- Spring Security 的过滤配置,表明请求需要经过这个类的过滤和判断 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

3.3 Spring Security的全局配置

Spring Security的需要一个全局的配置,配置哪些url经过验证,哪些无需验证,验证成功/失败的处理器,全局验证失败处理器,登陆地址,登陆用户名密码字段,自定义的filter等等一堆信息。

这里我们直接用注解的形式去写了,用xml的形式去写感觉有点麻烦,后面我会加个xml,把token的管理器写进去,当然,这个管理器也可以直接用注解,这里先不说。

TokenWebSecurityConfig:

package cn.pomit.springwork.token.config;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;

import cn.pomit.springwork.token.filter.TokenAuthenticationFilter;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.filter.TokenLoginFilter;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.handler.DefaultPasswordEncoder;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.handler.TokenLogoutHandler;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.handler.UnauthorizedEntryPoint;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.manager.TokenManager;

@Configuration
public class TokenWebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;
    private TokenManager tokenManager;
    private DefaultPasswordEncoder defaultPasswordEncoder;

    @Autowired
    public TokenWebSecurityConfig(UserDetailsService userDetailsService, DefaultPasswordEncoder defaultPasswordEncoder,
            TokenManager tokenManager) {
        this.userDetailsService = userDetailsService;
        this.defaultPasswordEncoder = defaultPasswordEncoder;
        this.tokenManager = tokenManager;
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.exceptionHandling().authenticationEntryPoint(new UnauthorizedEntryPoint()).and().csrf().disable()
                .authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/login").permitAll().antMatchers("/public/**").permitAll()
                .anyRequest().authenticated().and().logout().logoutUrl("/logout")
                .addLogoutHandler(new TokenLogoutHandler(tokenManager)).and()
                .addFilter(new TokenLoginFilter(authenticationManager(), tokenManager))
                .addFilter(new TokenAuthenticationFilter(authenticationManager(), tokenManager)).httpBasic();
    }

    @Override
    public void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.userDetailsService(userDetailsService).passwordEncoder(defaultPasswordEncoder);
    }
}

这里面的东西需要讲一下:

3.4 Security的用户信息来源

UserDetailsService是spring的规范,用来查询用户信息做检验用的,需要我们自己实现一个service去查询用户信息,
这个service在TokenWebSecurityConfig中被调用,自动装配到Spring的Authentication中。其实就是拿走了用户名密码,TokenUserDetails是service返回的实体,实现了UserDetails接口,这个接口要求你必须返回实现用户名和密码的获取接口。用户名和密码会在登陆过滤器中和前端传过来的用户名密码做对比。这个过程是隐藏的,如果你想自定义对比过程,那要自己写一个AuthenticationProvider了。

TokenUserDetailsService:

package cn.pomit.springwork.token.service;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import cn.pomit.springwork.mybatis.domain.UserInfo;
import cn.pomit.springwork.mybatis.service.UserInfoService;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.model.TokenUserDetails;

@Service
public class TokenUserDetailsService implements UserDetailsService {
    @Autowired
    private UserInfoService appUserService;

    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String userName) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        UserInfo user;
        try {
            user = appUserService.getUserInfoByUserName(userName);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new UsernameNotFoundException("user select fail");
        }
        if (user == null) {
            throw new UsernameNotFoundException("no user found");
        } else {
            try {
                return new TokenUserDetails(user);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new UsernameNotFoundException("user role select fail");
            }
        }
    }

}

这里用到了UserInfoService ,它是个查询数据库的一个service,UserInfoService是依赖包Mybatis项目中定义的一个数据库访问的service,这里就不写了,可以在快速构建Spring项目工具中查看Mybatis组合组件的代码。

TokenUserDetails:

package cn.pomit.springwork.token.model;

import java.util.Collection;

import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.AuthorityUtils;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;

import cn.pomit.springwork.mybatis.domain.UserInfo;

public class TokenUserDetails extends UserInfo implements UserDetails {

    public TokenUserDetails(UserInfo appUser) {
        super(appUser);
    }

    /**
     * 
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 6272869114201567325L;

    @Override
    public Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {
        return AuthorityUtils.createAuthorityList("USER");
    }

    @Override
    public String getUsername() {
        return super.getUserName();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isEnabled() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public String getPassword() {
        return super.getPasswd();
    }

}

3.5 登录过滤器

登录过滤器是对前端传过来的数据解析,并调用attemptAuthentication去验证的过程,其中successfulAuthentication是登录成功的处理方法,unsuccessfulAuthentication是失败的处理方法。

TokenLoginFilter:

package cn.pomit.springwork.token.filter;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;

import cn.pomit.springwork.token.manager.TokenManager;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.model.LoginUserReq;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.model.LoginUserRes;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.model.ResultCode;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.model.ResultModel;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.model.TokenUserDetails;

import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationCredentialsNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.BadCredentialsException;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.ProviderNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter;
import org.springframework.security.web.util.matcher.AntPathRequestMatcher;

import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;

public class TokenLoginFilter extends UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter {
    private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;
    private TokenManager tokenManager;

    public TokenLoginFilter(AuthenticationManager authenticationManager, TokenManager tokenManager) {
        this.authenticationManager = authenticationManager;
        this.tokenManager = tokenManager;
        this.setPostOnly(false);
        this.setRequiresAuthenticationRequestMatcher(new AntPathRequestMatcher("/login"));
    }

    @Override
    public Authentication attemptAuthentication(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res)
            throws AuthenticationException {
        try {
            LoginUserReq user = new ObjectMapper().readValue(req.getInputStream(), LoginUserReq.class);
            return authenticationManager.authenticate(
                    new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(user.getUserName(), user.getPassword(), new ArrayList<>()));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }

    }

    @Override
    protected void successfulAuthentication(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res, FilterChain chain,
            Authentication auth) throws IOException, ServletException {
        TokenUserDetails user = (TokenUserDetails) auth.getPrincipal();

        String token = tokenManager.createToken(user.getUsername());

        LoginUserRes loginUserRes = new LoginUserRes();
        loginUserRes.setUsername(user.getUsername());
        loginUserRes.setToken(token);
        ResultModel rm = new ResultModel(ResultCode.CODE_00000);
        rm.setData(loginUserRes);

        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
        res.setStatus(HttpStatus.OK.value());
        res.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE);
        mapper.writeValue(res.getWriter(), rm);
    }

    @Override
    protected void unsuccessfulAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
            AuthenticationException e) throws IOException, ServletException {
        response.setStatus(HttpStatus.OK.value());
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
        ResultModel rm = null;
        if (e instanceof BadCredentialsException) {
            rm = new ResultModel(ResultCode.CODE_00001.getCode(), e.getMessage());
        } else if (e instanceof UsernameNotFoundException) {
            rm = new ResultModel(ResultCode.CODE_00011);
        } else if (e instanceof AuthenticationCredentialsNotFoundException) {
            rm = new ResultModel(ResultCode.CODE_00003);
        } else if (e instanceof ProviderNotFoundException) {
            rm = new ResultModel(ResultCode.CODE_10000, e.getMessage());
        } else {
            rm = new ResultModel(ResultCode.CODE_00013);
        }

        response.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE);
        mapper.writeValue(response.getWriter(), rm);

    }
}

这里面:

3.6 验证过滤器

验证过滤器的功能很简单,就是从可以拿到token的地方拿到token,然后从tokenManager中解析出用户信息,然后将用户信息塞到Authentication中,这样Spring security就没话说了,通过了。

在这里有个重要的地方要说下:如果session没有被禁用,那Spring security还是自动从cookie里解析出sessionId,如果这个session已经验证了一次,服务器看到有验证信息,那后面带token的解析和不带token的解析都是一样的了。虽然我们带了token,又生成了新的Authentication替换了session中的Authentication,略显多余。token一般用在无法使用session的场景。

TokenAuthenticationFilter:

package cn.pomit.springwork.token.filter;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;

import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.www.BasicAuthenticationFilter;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;

import cn.pomit.springwork.token.manager.TokenManager;

public class TokenAuthenticationFilter extends BasicAuthenticationFilter {
    private TokenManager tokenManager;

    public TokenAuthenticationFilter(AuthenticationManager authManager, TokenManager tokenManager) {
        super(authManager);
        this.tokenManager = tokenManager;
    }

    @Override
    protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res, FilterChain chain)
            throws IOException, ServletException {
        String header = req.getHeader("token");

        if (header == null) {
            chain.doFilter(req, res);
            return;
        }

        UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authentication = getAuthentication(req);

        if (authentication != null) {
            SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication);
        }
        chain.doFilter(req, res);
    }

    private UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken getAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request) {
        // token置于header里
        String token = request.getHeader("token");
        if (token != null && !"".equals(token.trim())) {
            // parse the token.
            String userName = tokenManager.getUserFromToken(token);

            if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(userName)) {
                return new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(userName, token, new ArrayList<>());
            }
            return null;
        }
        return null;
    }
}

3.7 token管理器

token管理器不要求一定用什么框架,我们这里选择了jwt token框架,是为了简单,而且支持多机,而且不需要第三方服务支持。

如果将token存在本地,那token只能单机用了。

如果将token存在redis,那多个机器可以共享token,但是要部署redis,还要连接redis。麻烦。这里不讲。

jwt token 就是太长,又丑又长。

我们先定义个一个接口TokenManager,具体实现可以自己写,下面我会写个jwt 的实现。

TokenManager:

package cn.pomit.springwork.token.manager;

public interface TokenManager {

    public String createToken(String username);

    public String getUserFromToken(String token);

    public void removeToken(String token);

}

JwtTokenManager :

package cn.pomit.springwork.token.manager;

import java.util.Date;

import io.jsonwebtoken.CompressionCodecs;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts;
import io.jsonwebtoken.SignatureAlgorithm;

public class JwtTokenManager implements TokenManager{
    private Long tokenExpiration;
    private String tokenSignKey;

    @Override
    public String createToken(String username) {
        String token = Jwts.builder().setSubject(username)
                .setExpiration(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + tokenExpiration))
                .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, tokenSignKey).compressWith(CompressionCodecs.GZIP).compact();
        return token;
    }

    @Override
    public String getUserFromToken(String token) {
        String user = Jwts.parser().setSigningKey(tokenSignKey).parseClaimsJws(token).getBody().getSubject();
        return user;
    }

    @Override
    public void removeToken(String token) {
        //jwttoken无需删除,客户端扔掉即可。
    }

}

3.8 密码处理器

这里模拟啥都不处理。

package cn.pomit.springwork.token.handler;

import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class DefaultPasswordEncoder implements PasswordEncoder {

    public DefaultPasswordEncoder() {
        this(-1);
    }

    /**
     * @param strength
     *            the log rounds to use, between 4 and 31
     */
    public DefaultPasswordEncoder(int strength) {

    }

    public String encode(CharSequence rawPassword) {
        return rawPassword.toString();
    }

    public boolean matches(CharSequence rawPassword, String encodedPassword) {
        return rawPassword.toString().equals(encodedPassword);
    }
}

3.9 安全控制器

登出控制器TokenLogoutHandler:

package cn.pomit.springwork.token.handler;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutHandler;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;

import cn.pomit.springwork.token.manager.TokenManager;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.model.ResultCode;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.model.ResultModel;

public class TokenLogoutHandler implements LogoutHandler {
    private TokenManager tokenManager;

    public TokenLogoutHandler(TokenManager tokenManager) {
        this.tokenManager = tokenManager;
    }

    @Override
    public void logout(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Authentication authentication) {
        String token = request.getHeader("token");
        if (token != null) {
            tokenManager.removeToken(token);
        }
        ResultModel rm = new ResultModel(ResultCode.CODE_00000);

        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
        response.setStatus(HttpStatus.OK.value());
        response.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE);
        try {
            mapper.writeValue(response.getWriter(), rm);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

未授权处理器UnauthorizedEntryPoint:

package cn.pomit.springwork.token.handler;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.web.AuthenticationEntryPoint;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;

import cn.pomit.springwork.token.model.ResultCode;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.model.ResultModel;

public class UnauthorizedEntryPoint implements AuthenticationEntryPoint {

    @Override
    public void commence(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
            AuthenticationException authException) throws IOException, ServletException {
        ResultModel rm = new ResultModel(ResultCode.CODE_00005, "401未授权!");

        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
        response.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE);
        mapper.writeValue(response.getWriter(), rm);
    }

}

详细完整代码,可以在《品茗IT-Spring和Token整合详解》中查看,也可以在Spring组件化构建中选择并下载。

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