第十一章:WindowManagerService(1)

2020-04-28  本文已影响0人  momxmo

https://www.jianshu.com/p/e4b19fc36a0e

简介

在学习WindowManagerService窗口管理服务之前,我们需要先了解WMS中的几个重要概念:

以及WMS与App直接通过两个ALDI实现相互调用;


后面,我们会根据功能流程进行分析,Window的添加、移除、Z-Order排列等,会分为两个章节分析;

一、初步了解概念


1.1 Session理解
Session是ViewRootImpl和WMS之间的连接,Session集成IWindowSession.Stub,每一个应用进程都有一个唯一的Session对象与WMS通信,如图所示:

image.png
在 WMS 中的 mSessions 成员属性,是 ArraySet 类型,其中保存着 Session 型的对象。
Session获取路径ViewRootImpl-->WindowManagerGlobal-->IWindowManager-->WindowManagerService
public class WindowManagerService extends IWindowManager.Stub
        implements Watchdog.Monitor, WindowManagerPolicy.WindowManagerFuncs {
        /**
         * All currently active sessions with clients.
         */
        final ArraySet<Session> mSessions = new ArraySet<>();

        ......

  @Override
    public IWindowSession openSession(IWindowSessionCallback callback, IInputMethodClient client,
            IInputContext inputContext) {
        if (client == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException("null client");
        if (inputContext == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException("null inputContext");
        Session session = new Session(this, callback, client, inputContext);
        return session;
    }
}
public class Session extends IWindowSession.Stub
        implements IBinder.DeathRecipient {
    final WindowManagerService mService;
    private int mNumWindow = 0;                  // 代码 1
    ......

    // 代码 2
    public Session(WindowManagerService service, IWindowSessionCallback callback,
            IInputMethodClient client, IInputContext inputContext) {
        mService = service;
        ......
    }

    void windowAddedLocked(String packageName) {
        mPackageName = packageName;
        mRelayoutTag = "relayoutWindow: " + mPackageName;
        if (mSurfaceSession == null) {
            if (WindowManagerService.localLOGV) Slog.v(
                TAG_WM, "First window added to " + this + ", creating SurfaceSession");
            mSurfaceSession = new SurfaceSession();
            if (SHOW_TRANSACTIONS) Slog.i(
                    TAG_WM, "  NEW SURFACE SESSION " + mSurfaceSession);
            // 代码 3
            mService.mSessions.add(this);
            if (mLastReportedAnimatorScale != mService.getCurrentAnimatorScale()) {
                mService.dispatchNewAnimatorScaleLocked(this);
            }
        }
        mNumWindow++;
    }

    void windowRemovedLocked() {
        mNumWindow--;
        killSessionLocked();
    }

    private void killSessionLocked() {
        if (mNumWindow > 0 || !mClientDead) {
            return;
        }
        // 代码 4
        mService.mSessions.remove(this);
        ......
    }

}

1.2 WindowState理解
WindowState 是 WMS 中一个重要的概念,在 WMS 中的一个 WindowState 对象就对应着一个应用进程中的 Window 对象。
通过初步理解Window体系我们了解到,
在调用WindowManagerGlobal.addView方法时,经过一系列的方法调用,最后走到了 WindowManagerService.addWindow方法中

image.png
WindowManagerService.addWindow 方法中,会创建一个与Window 对象对应的WindowState对象并调用 WindowState.attach 方法,然后将该 WindowState对象添加到 WMS 的 mWindowMap Map
public class WindowManagerService extends IWindowManager.Stub
        implements Watchdog.Monitor, WindowManagerPolicy.WindowManagerFuncs {

    final WindowHashMap mWindowMap = new WindowHashMap();

    public int addWindow(Session session, IWindow client, int seq,
            WindowManager.LayoutParams attrs, int viewVisibility, int displayId,
            Rect outContentInsets, Rect outStableInsets, Rect outOutsets,
            InputChannel outInputChannel) {
            ......

            final WindowState win = new WindowState(this, session, client, token, parentWindow,
                    appOp[0], seq, attrs, viewVisibility, session.mUid,
                    session.mCanAddInternalSystemWindow);
            ......
            win.attach();
            mWindowMap.put(client.asBinder(), win);
            ......
            win.mToken.addWindow(win);
    }
}
class WindowState extends WindowContainer<WindowState> implements WindowManagerPolicy.WindowState {
    final WindowManagerService mService;
    final WindowManagerPolicy mPolicy;
    final Context mContext;
    final Session mSession;
    final IWindow mClient;


    WindowState(WindowManagerService service, Session s, IWindow c, WindowToken token,
           WindowState parentWindow, int appOp, int seq, WindowManager.LayoutParams a,
           int viewVisibility, int ownerId, boolean ownerCanAddInternalSystemWindow) {
        mService = service;
        mSession = s;
        mClient = c;
        mAppOp = appOp;
        mToken = token;
        mAppToken = mToken.asAppWindowToken();

        ......
    }

    void attach() {
        if (localLOGV) Slog.v(TAG, "Attaching " + this + " token=" + mToken);
        mSession.windowAddedLocked(mAttrs.packageName);
    }
    
    ......
}

在 WindowState 中保存了 WMS 对象、WMP 对象、Session 对象和 IWindow 对象IWindow 对象就是与此 WindowState 对象相对应的在应用进程中的 Window 对象
final WindowHashMap mWindowMap = new WindowHashMap();是一个 HashMap 的子类,key 是 IBinder,value 是 WindowState,用于保存 WMS 中所有的 WindowState 对象,

/**
 * Subclass of HashMap such that we can instruct the compiler to boost our thread priority when
 * locking this class. See makefile.
 */
class WindowHashMap extends HashMap<IBinder, WindowState> {
}
mWindowMap.put(client.asBinder(), win);

IWindow client 对象,其实是 ViewRootImpl 中的 final W mWindow 成员,如下所示:

public final class ViewRootImpl implements ViewParent,
        View.AttachInfo.Callbacks, ThreadedRenderer.DrawCallbacks {
    final W mWindow;

    ......

    static class W extends IWindow.Stub {
        ......
    }
    ......
}

1.3 WindowToken理解
简单的理解,WindowToken 有两个作用:

概念上有了初步的理解,我们来看下 WindowToken 的代码,如下所示,在 WindowToken 类中,最重要的其实是其中的成员属性

/**
 * Container of a set of related windows in the window manager. Often this is an AppWindowToken,
 * which is the handle for an Activity that it uses to display windows. For nested windows, there is
 * a WindowToken created for the parent window to manage its children.
 */
class WindowToken extends WindowContainer<WindowState> {
    private static final String TAG = TAG_WITH_CLASS_NAME ? "WindowToken" : TAG_WM;

    // The window manager!
    protected final WindowManagerService mService;

    // The actual token.
    final IBinder token;

    // The type of window this token is for, as per WindowManager.LayoutParams.
    final int windowType;    
    ......

    // The display this token is on.
    protected DisplayContent mDisplayContent;
    ......

    WindowToken(WindowManagerService service, IBinder _token, int type, boolean persistOnEmpty,
            DisplayContent dc, boolean ownerCanManageAppTokens) {
        mService = service;
        token = _token;
        windowType = type;
        mPersistOnEmpty = persistOnEmpty;
        mOwnerCanManageAppTokens = ownerCanManageAppTokens;
        onDisplayChanged(dc);
    }

    void onDisplayChanged(DisplayContent dc) {
        dc.reParentWindowToken(this);
        mDisplayContent = dc;

        // TODO(b/36740756): One day this should perhaps be hooked
        // up with goodToGo, so we don't move a window
        // to another display before the window behind
        // it is ready.
        SurfaceControl.openTransaction();
        for (int i = mChildren.size() - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
            final WindowState win = mChildren.get(i);
            win.mWinAnimator.updateLayerStackInTransaction();
        }
        SurfaceControl.closeTransaction();

        super.onDisplayChanged(dc);
    }
    ......
}

其实,对于 WMS 来讲,只要是一个 IBinder 对象都可以作为 Token,比如在之前分析添加 Window 时,调用 WindowManagerService.addWindow方法时,传入的 Token 对象就是一个IWindow.Stub 的对象。我们来看一下 WMS 中的addWindowToken方法,如下所示:

  @Override
    public void addWindowToken(IBinder binder, int type, int displayId) {
        if (!checkCallingPermission(MANAGE_APP_TOKENS, "addWindowToken()")) {
            throw new SecurityException("Requires MANAGE_APP_TOKENS permission");
        }

        synchronized(mWindowMap) {
            final DisplayContent dc = mRoot.getDisplayContentOrCreate(displayId);
            // 代码 1
            WindowToken token = dc.getWindowToken(binder);
            // 代码 2
            if (token != null) {
                Slog.w(TAG_WM, "addWindowToken: Attempted to add binder token: " + binder
                        + " for already created window token: " + token
                        + " displayId=" + displayId);
                return;
            }
            // 代码 3
            if (type == TYPE_WALLPAPER) {
                new WallpaperWindowToken(this, binder, true, dc,
                        true /* ownerCanManageAppTokens */);
            } else {
                new WindowToken(this, binder, type, true, dc, true /* ownerCanManageAppTokens */);
            }
        }
    }
class DisplayContent extends WindowContainer<DisplayContent.DisplayChildWindowContainer> {

    WindowManagerService mService;
    // mTokenMap 一个 HashMap 对象,用于映射 IBinder 和 WindowToken 对象
    // Mapping from a token IBinder to a WindowToken object on this display.
    private final HashMap<IBinder, WindowToken> mTokenMap = new HashMap();
    
    ......

    // 从 mTokenMap 取出对应于 IBinder 的 WindowToken 对象
    WindowToken getWindowToken(IBinder binder) {
        return mTokenMap.get(binder);
    }

    // 在创建 WindowToken 对象时,会通过此方法将 WindowToken 从属于此 DisplayContent 对象,并添加到 mTokenMap 中
    /** Changes the display the input window token is housed on to this one. */
    void reParentWindowToken(WindowToken token) {
        final DisplayContent prevDc = token.getDisplayContent();
        if (prevDc == this) {
            return;
        }
        if (prevDc != null && prevDc.mTokenMap.remove(token.token) != null
            && token.asAppWindowToken() == null) {
            // Removed the token from the map, but made sure it's not an app token before removing
            // from parent.
            token.getParent().removeChild(token);
        }

        addWindowToken(token.token, token);
    }

    private void addWindowToken(IBinder binder, WindowToken token) {
        final DisplayContent dc = mService.mRoot.getWindowTokenDisplay(token);
        if (dc != null) {
            // We currently don't support adding a window token to the display if the display
            // already has the binder mapped to another token. If there is a use case for supporting
            // this moving forward we will either need to merge the WindowTokens some how or have
            // the binder map to a list of window tokens.
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Can't map token=" + token + " to display="
                + getName() + " already mapped to display=" + dc + " tokens=" + dc.mTokenMap);
        }
        if (binder == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Can't map token=" + token + " to display="
                + getName() + " binder is null");
        }
        if (token == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Can't map null token to display="
                + getName() + " binder=" + binder);
        }

        mTokenMap.put(binder, token);

        if (token.asAppWindowToken() == null) {
            // Add non-app token to container hierarchy on the display. App tokens are added through
            // the parent container managing them (e.g. Tasks).
            switch (token.windowType) {
                case TYPE_WALLPAPER:
                    mBelowAppWindowsContainers.addChild(token);
                    break;
                case TYPE_INPUT_METHOD:
                case TYPE_INPUT_METHOD_DIALOG:
                    mImeWindowsContainers.addChild(token);
                    break;
                default:
                    mAboveAppWindowsContainers.addChild(token);
                    break;
            }
        }
    }

    // 通过此方法,将 IBinder 所对应的 WindowToken 对象从此 DisplayContent 中的 mTokenMap 移除
    WindowToken removeWindowToken(IBinder binder) {
        final WindowToken token = mTokenMap.remove(binder);
        if (token != null && token.asAppWindowToken() == null) {
            token.setExiting();
        }
        return token;
    }

    ......

}

1.4 DisplayContent理解
DisplayContent 是 Android 4.2 中支持 WiFi Display 多屏幕显示提出的一个概念,一个 DisplayContent 对象就代表着一块屏幕信息,一个 DisplayContent 对象用一个整型变量作为其 ID,系统默认屏幕所对应的 DisplayContent 对象 ID 是 Display.DEFAULT_DISPLAY。

属于同一个 DisplayContent 对象的 Window 对象会被绘制到同一块屏幕上,在添加窗口时可以指定对应的 DisplayContent 的 id,从而指定被添加到哪个 DisplayContent 上面。

DisplayContent 对象是由 DisplayManagerService 统一管理的,在此只做概念性的介绍,详细的关于 DisplayContent 和 DisplayManagerService 知识请看第五章

二. WMS 与 WindowManager 的通信

通过初步理解Window体系中,我们最后分析到了ViewRootImpl,ViewRootRImpl是连接WindowManager和WMS的桥梁;自然他们之间的通讯也是通过ViewRootImpl完成;
重点:内部通过双向Bindler实现双向通信调用


2.1 ViewRootImpl 的成员变量
在 ViewRootImpl 中有两个个非常重要的成员变量:mWindowSession 和 mWindow,这两个变量都是用于 ViewRootImpl 和 WMS 通信使用的;

public final class ViewRootImpl implements ViewParent,
        View.AttachInfo.Callbacks, ThreadedRenderer.DrawCallbacks {
    ......
    final IWindowSession mWindowSession;
    final W mWindow;
    ......

    public ViewRootImpl(Context context, Display display) {
        mContext = context;
        // 代码 1,通过 WindowManagerGlobal.getWindowSession() 方法得到一个 IWindowSession 对象
        mWindowSession = WindowManagerGlobal.getWindowSession();   
        ......
        // 代码 2,通过 W 构造方法直接创建一个新的 W 对象
        mWindow = new W(this);                                     
        ......
    }

    ......
}

2.2 IWindowSession 通信接口 WMS提供服务
IWindowSession 是一个 AIDL 接口,其服务端进程是 WMS,客户端进程是应用进程,IWindowSession 的创建是在 WindowManagerGlobal 中,如下所示:

 public final class WindowManagerGlobal {

        private static IWindowManager sWindowManagerService;
        private static IWindowSession sWindowSession;
        ......
        public static IWindowManager getWindowManagerService() {
            synchronized (WindowManagerGlobal.class) {
                if (sWindowManagerService == null) {
                    sWindowManagerService = IWindowManager.Stub.asInterface(
                            ServiceManager.getService("window"));
                    try {
                        if (sWindowManagerService != null) {
                            ValueAnimator.setDurationScale(
                                    sWindowManagerService.getCurrentAnimatorScale());
                        }
                    } catch (RemoteException e) {
                        throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
                    }
                }
                return sWindowManagerService;
            }
        }

        public static IWindowSession getWindowSession() {
            synchronized (WindowManagerGlobal.class) {
                if (sWindowSession == null) {
                    try {
                        InputMethodManager imm = InputMethodManager.getInstance();
                        IWindowManager windowManager = getWindowManagerService();
                        sWindowSession = windowManager.openSession(
                                new IWindowSessionCallback.Stub() {
                                    @Override
                                    public void onAnimatorScaleChanged(float scale) {
                                        ValueAnimator.setDurationScale(scale);
                                    }
                                },
                                imm.getClient(), imm.getInputContext());
                    } catch (RemoteException e) {
                        throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
                    }
                }
                return sWindowSession;
            }
        }
        ......
    }
public class WindowManagerService extends IWindowManager.Stub
    implements Watchdog.Monitor,     WindowManagerPolicy.WindowManagerFuncs {
    ......
}
public class WindowManagerService extends IWindowManager.Stub
    implements Watchdog.Monitor,     WindowManagerPolicy.WindowManagerFuncs {

    @Override
    public IWindowSession openSession(IWindowSessionCallback callback, IInputMethodClient client,
        IInputContext inputContext) {
        if (client == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException("null client");
        if (inputContext == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException("null inputContext");
        Session session = new Session(this, callback, client, inputContext);
        return session;
    }
}

可以看到,其实 ViewRootImpl 中的 IWindowSession 对象实际对应着 WMS 中的 Session 对象。
WindowManagerGlobal 和 WMS 实现的是单方向的通信,都是通过如下图所示的 Binder 方式进行进程间通信的

image.png

2.2 W通信接口 App提供服务
W 类是 ViewRootImpl 的一个内部类,实现了 IWindow 接口,IWindow 也是一个 AIDL 接口,可以猜想到,IWindow 接口是供 WMS 使用的,WSM 通过调用 IWindow 一些方法,通过 Binder 通信的方式,最后执行到了 W 中对应的方法中

public final class ViewRootImpl implements ViewParent,
        View.AttachInfo.Callbacks, ThreadedRenderer.DrawCallbacks {


    static class W extends IWindow.Stub {
        private final WeakReference<ViewRootImpl> mViewAncestor;
        private final IWindowSession mWindowSession;

        W(ViewRootImpl viewAncestor) {
            mViewAncestor = new WeakReference<ViewRootImpl>(viewAncestor);
            mWindowSession = viewAncestor.mWindowSession;
        }

        @Override
        public void resized(Rect frame, Rect overscanInsets, Rect contentInsets,
                Rect visibleInsets, Rect stableInsets, Rect outsets, boolean reportDraw,
                MergedConfiguration mergedConfiguration, Rect backDropFrame, boolean forceLayout,
                boolean alwaysConsumeNavBar, int displayId) {
            final ViewRootImpl viewAncestor = mViewAncestor.get();
            if (viewAncestor != null) {
                viewAncestor.dispatchResized(frame, overscanInsets, contentInsets,
                        visibleInsets, stableInsets, outsets, reportDraw, mergedConfiguration,
                        backDropFrame, forceLayout, alwaysConsumeNavBar, displayId);
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void moved(int newX, int newY) {
            final ViewRootImpl viewAncestor = mViewAncestor.get();
            if (viewAncestor != null) {
                viewAncestor.dispatchMoved(newX, newY);
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void dispatchAppVisibility(boolean visible) {
            final ViewRootImpl viewAncestor = mViewAncestor.get();
            if (viewAncestor != null) {
                viewAncestor.dispatchAppVisibility(visible);
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void dispatchGetNewSurface() {
            final ViewRootImpl viewAncestor = mViewAncestor.get();
            if (viewAncestor != null) {
                viewAncestor.dispatchGetNewSurface();
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void windowFocusChanged(boolean hasFocus, boolean inTouchMode) {
            final ViewRootImpl viewAncestor = mViewAncestor.get();
            if (viewAncestor != null) {
                viewAncestor.windowFocusChanged(hasFocus, inTouchMode);
            }
        }

        private static int checkCallingPermission(String permission) {
            try {
                return ActivityManager.getService().checkPermission(
                        permission, Binder.getCallingPid(), Binder.getCallingUid());
            } catch (RemoteException e) {
                return PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED;
            }
        }
        
        ......

    }
}

比如在ViewRootImpl#setView方法中,有如下代码,在代码 1 处通过 mWindowSession 调用 addToDisplay 方法时,会将 mWindow 传入,最后传给 WMS,这样 WMS 便得到了一个 W 对象的实例对象

public final class ViewRootImpl implements ViewParent,
        View.AttachInfo.Callbacks, ThreadedRenderer.DrawCallbacks {

    public void setView(View view, WindowManager.LayoutParams attrs, View panelParentView) {
        synchronized (this) {
            if (mView == null) {

                ......

                int res; /* = WindowManagerImpl.ADD_OKAY; */

                // Schedule the first layout -before- adding to the window
                // manager, to make sure we do the relayout before receiving
                // any other events from the system.
                requestLayout();
                if ((mWindowAttributes.inputFeatures
                        & WindowManager.LayoutParams.INPUT_FEATURE_NO_INPUT_CHANNEL) == 0) {
                    mInputChannel = new InputChannel();
                }
                mForceDecorViewVisibility = (mWindowAttributes.privateFlags
                        & PRIVATE_FLAG_FORCE_DECOR_VIEW_VISIBILITY) != 0;
                try {
                    mOrigWindowType = mWindowAttributes.type;
                    mAttachInfo.mRecomputeGlobalAttributes = true;
                    collectViewAttributes();
                    // 代码 1
                    res = mWindowSession.addToDisplay(mWindow, mSeq, mWindowAttributes,
                            getHostVisibility(), mDisplay.getDisplayId(),
                            mAttachInfo.mContentInsets, mAttachInfo.mStableInsets,
                            mAttachInfo.mOutsets, mInputChannel);
                } catch (RemoteException e) {
                    mAdded = false;
                    mView = null;
                    mAttachInfo.mRootView = null;
                    mInputChannel = null;
                    mFallbackEventHandler.setView(null);
                    unscheduleTraversals();
                    setAccessibilityFocus(null, null);
                    throw new RuntimeException("Adding window failed", e);
                } finally {
                    if (restore) {
                        attrs.restore();
                    }
                }
                ......
            }
        }
    }
}

从上面代码可以看到,在 ViewRootImpl 中不仅实现了从 ViewRootImpl 向 WMS 的通信,也实现了从 WMS 向 ViewRootImpl 的通信,如下图所示

image.png
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