十天搞定英语语法系列2——动词应该这样用
1. 动态的语言
英语是一门讲究动态的语言。一如500年前，葡萄牙的恩里克王子，不满陆路穆斯林国家对香料贸易的垄断，派出航海者，劈波斩浪，抵达西非，开启了新航路的新纪元。
恩里克王子
而后西班牙、荷兰、英国等相继而来，主导时代的主旋律。西方国家及其文化，也是在不断地动态变革中实现繁荣。
造任何一个英语句子，都离不开动词。因此，动词的正确使用，成为十分必要的一件事情。
这一个系列的根本准则是，英语中的任何一个动作，都是需要明确的形式表示其发生的时间和状态的。
比如，表达“今年的春晚真好看”，在中文语境下是没有时间先后观念的，但是英文语境下，绝大部分情况下，会用“The Spring Gala of this year was reallly fantastic.”表达，描述的是春晚已经看完了，好看是过去好看。
当然，也有可能是把里面的“was”变成"is"，但这则表示春晚一般都很好看。但从近几年的实际情况看，有些经典和记忆是一去不复返。比如赵本山的小品。
2. 时态的结构
语法，从根本上讲，是语言的使用规则。因此，对任何学习者而言，学习的第一层次目标是记住规则，然后是实践应用。当然，最好的效果，通常是把两者合二为一。
时态的所有结构
先了解基本套路。以一般现在时为例。
使用场景：描述经常、反复发生的动作或行为某种状况；描述客观真理和普遍状态。
时间状语：always，usually，often，sometimes，every week (day，year，month)，once a week，on Sundays.
基本结构：do/does(表示动词原形) I often travel to Guangzhou at weekends. travel就是我们说的动词原形do的结构，而travels则算是三单。
否定疑问：否定时am/is/are+not；复数+do not；单数+does not。疑问时be/do/does对应提前。
实战造句：Do you usually watch TV when you are alone?
She doesn't enjoy playing video games.
I seldom visit Hongkong.
遵从这模式，可把一般过去时、一般现在时、一般将来时、过去进行时、现在进行时、将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、现在完成进行时的语法细则全部搞定。
核心：遵照结构造句子，遵循规则做单选。
3. 时间都藏哪里了
请大家阅读这样一段文字，思考一下：每一句话都用了什么时态？为什么要这样使用？
A gift of love
"Can I see my baby?" the happy new mother asked.
When the bundle was nestled in her arms and she moved the fold of cloth to look upon his tiny face, she gasped. The doctor turned quickly and looked out the tall hospital window. The baby had been born without ears.
Time proved that the baby's hearing was perfect. It was only his appearance that was marred. When he rushed home from school one day and flung himself into his mother's arms, she sighed, knowing that his life was to be a succession of heartbreaks.
He blurted out the tragedy. "A boy, a big boy...called me a freak."
He grew up, handsome except for his misfortune. A favorite with his fellow
students, he might have been class president, but for that. He developed a gift, a talent for literature and music.
"But you might mingle with other young people," his mother reproved him, but felt a kindness in her heart.
The boy's father had a session with the family physician... "Could nothing be done?"
"I believe I could graft on a pair of outer ears, if they could be procured," the doctor decided. So the search began for a person who would make such a sacrifice for a young man.
Two years went by.Then, "You're going to the hospital, son. Mother and I have someone who will donate the ears you need. But it's a secret." said the father.
The operation was a brilliant success, and a new person emerged. His talents blossomed into genius, and school and college became a series of triumphs.
Later he married and entered the diplomatic service. "but I must know," he asked his father, "Who gave me the ears? Who gave me so much? I could never do enough for him."
"I do not believe you could," said the father, "but the agreement was that you are not to know...not yet."
The years kept their profound secret, but the day did come. One of the darkest days that ever pass through a son. He stood with his father over his mother's casket. Slowly, tenderly, the father stretched forth a hand and raised the thick, reddish brown hair to reveal taht the mother had no outer ears.
"Mother said she was glad she never let her hair be cut," his father whispered gently, "and nobody ever thought mother less beautiful, did they?"
其实，在多数语篇中，比如新闻、故事、报刊、杂志、论文中，一般过去时和一般现在时是使用最多的。一种是用来描述过去发生的事情或动作，一种是描述现在正在发生的事情或动作。本则故事就是充分的例证。
如果你不知如何造句，那就先仿句。通过大量的造句和阅读，你一定能迅速掌握时态。
练起来吧。
