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Java开发利器Commons Lang之计时器StopWatc

2021-10-23  本文已影响0人  我有一只喵喵

标准Java库没有提供足够的方法来操作其核心类,Apache Commons Lang提供了这些额外的方法。

Apache Commons Lang为java提供了大量的帮助工具。lang API,特别是String操作方法、基本数值方法、对象反射、并发、创建和序列化以及System属性。此外,它还包含对java.util.Date的基本增强,以及一系列专门用于帮助构建方法的实用工具,如hashCode、toString和equals。

-- 来自官方简介http://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-lang/index.html

StopWatch介绍及核心API

StopWatch是位于org.apache.commons.lang3.time下的和时间有关的线程非安全的工具类。StopWatch为计时提供了很方便的API。StopWatch中提供的API都是成对使用的,比如有开始就有停止,有暂停就有恢复.....

启动、停止、重置计时相关API

    @Test
    public void testStopWatch() throws InterruptedException {
        // 计时测试
        StopWatch stopWatch = StopWatch.createStarted();
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        System.out.println(stopWatch.getTime()); // 2001

        // 重置测试,重置之后,不再计时
        stopWatch.reset();
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        System.out.println(stopWatch.getTime()); // 3005

        // 重新启动重置之后的计时器
        stopWatch.start();
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        System.out.println(stopWatch.getTime()); // 2005

        // 停止计时测试
        stopWatch.stop();
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        System.out.println(stopWatch.getTime()); // 2001
    }

暂停、恢复计时相关API

    public void testStopWatch002() throws InterruptedException {
        // 暂停计时测试
        StopWatch stopWatch = StopWatch.createStarted();
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        stopWatch.suspend();
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        System.out.println(stopWatch.getTime()); // 2005,暂停之后不再计时,所以暂停之后的2s不会计入

        // 恢复计时
        stopWatch.resume();
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        System.out.println(stopWatch.getTime()); // 4010,暂停期间不计时,恢复之后继续计时

        // 设置split停止标记
        stopWatch.split();
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        System.out.println(stopWatch.getSplitTime()); // 这里返回split标记到开始计时时的时间间隔,4010
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        stopWatch.unsplit();
        System.out.println(stopWatch.getTime()); // 设置split标记不影响计时,所以去除暂停的两秒,总共8010

    }

获取计时结果相关API

其主要核心的几个方法如下:

    public void testStopWatch003() throws InterruptedException {
        StopWatch stopWatch = StopWatch.createStarted();
        Thread.sleep(200);
        System.out.println(stopWatch.getTime()); // 205 
        System.out.println(stopWatch.formatTime()); // 00:00:00.205
    }

实现原理

StopWatch的实现原理比较简单,核心就是通过几个状态和几个变量来进行计时

    /**
     * The start time in nanoseconds.
     */
    private long startTimeNanos;

    /**
     * The start time in milliseconds - nanoTime is only for elapsed time so we
     * need to also store the currentTimeMillis to maintain the old
     * getStartTime API.
     */
    private long startTimeMillis;

    /**
     * The end time in milliseconds - nanoTime is only for elapsed time so we
     * need to also store the currentTimeMillis to maintain the old
     * getStartTime API.
     */
    private long stopTimeMillis;

  /**
     * The stop time in nanoseconds.
     */
    private long stopTimeNanos;

看start()方法

    public void start() {
        if (this.runningState == State.STOPPED) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Stopwatch must be reset before being restarted. ");
        }
        if (this.runningState != State.UNSTARTED) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Stopwatch already started. ");
        }
        this.startTimeNanos = System.nanoTime();
        this.startTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
        this.runningState = State.RUNNING;
    }

可以看到调用start()的方法时,记录开始计时的时间,以及修改计时器状态,再来看

    public long getNanoTime() {
        if (this.runningState == State.STOPPED || this.runningState == State.SUSPENDED) {
            return this.stopTimeNanos - this.startTimeNanos;
        } else if (this.runningState == State.UNSTARTED) {
            return 0;
        } else if (this.runningState == State.RUNNING) {
            return System.nanoTime() - this.startTimeNanos;
        }
        throw new IllegalStateException("Illegal running state has occurred.");
    }

其实就是返回当前时间和开始时间的间隔,StopWatch更多的还是状态分明,为我们封装了一些简单易用的API,比如开始停止计时,暂停恢复计时,StopWatch可以用来代替我们代码中经常类似下面这种计时:

        long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        // run real action
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println("方法耗时:" + (endTime - startTime)); // 方法耗时:2006
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