2018-11-01 elasticsearch数据备份和恢复

1、设置备份目录（用于存储备份文件）

vim /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml 
path.repo: ["/data/backups/es_backup"]    #备份目录，根据自己情况进行填写
systemctl restart elasticsearch.service 
mkdir -pv /data/backups/es_backup 
chmod 755 /data/backups/es_backup
chown elasticsearch:elasticsearch /data/backups/es_backup

2、创建仓库

备份数据之前，要创建一个仓库来保存数据，仓库的类型支持Shared filesystem, Amazon S3, HDFS和Azure Cloud。下面以文件系统为例：

 curl -H "Content-Type:application/json" -XPUT '127.0.0.1:9200/_snapshot/es_backup' -d '
{
    "type": "fs", 
    "settings": {
        "location": "/data/backups/es_backup" 
    }
}'

3、备份索引

 curl -H "Content-Type:application/json" -XPUT '127.0.0.1:9200/_snapshot/es_backup/snapshot_1'

如果只想备份部分索引的话，可以加上indices 参数：

curl -H "Content-Type:application/json" -XPUT '127.0.0.1:9200/_snapshot/es_backup/snapshot_2' -d '
    {
        "indices": "index_1,index_2"
    }'

5 、查看备份信息

curl -H "Content-Type:application/json" -XGET '127.0.0.1:9200/_snapshot/es_backup/snapshot_1?pretty=true'
{
  "snapshots" : [
    {
      "snapshot" : "snapshot_1",
      "uuid" : "jcWREhvyT72FR-A-UyFrQw",
      "version_id" : 6040299,
      "version" : "6.4.2",
      "indices" : [
        "test"
      ],
      "include_global_state" : true,
      "state" : "SUCCESS",
      "start_time" : "2018-11-01T05:52:02.824Z",
      "start_time_in_millis" : 1541051522824,
      "end_time" : "2018-11-01T05:52:02.964Z",
      "end_time_in_millis" : 1541051522964,
      "duration_in_millis" : 140,
      "failures" : [ ],
      "shards" : {
        "total" : 1,
        "failed" : 0,
        "successful" : 1
      }
    }
  ]
}

6、数据恢复

 curl -H "Content-Type:application/json" -XPOST '127.0.0.1:9200/_snapshot/es_backup/snapshot_1/_restore'

参考：https://blog.csdn.net/jiahao1186/article/details/81058022