6、Selenium框架 -- 网页信息定位Demo

Demo脚本：

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from selenium import webdriver
# 响应链
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
import json
import time
import os

# info location
def to_goods_page(driver, web_url):
    # 定位到目标网址
    driver.get(web_url)
    time.sleep(1)
    # 点击事件 -- "电脑"
    computer_element = driver.find_element_by_link_text('电脑')
    time.sleep(1)
    # 鼠标悬停
    ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(computer_element).perform()
    time.sleep(2)
    # 点击事件 -- "笔记本"
    driver.find_element_by_link_text("笔记本").click()
    time.sleep(1)

    # 切换句柄
    handles = driver.window_handles
    index_handle = driver.current_window_handle
    for handle in handles:
        if handle != index_handle:
            driver.switch_to.window(handle)
    time.sleep(2)

    # 点击事件 -- "thinkpad"
    driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="brand-11518"]/a/img').click()
    time.sleep(1)
    # 点击事件 -- "7000以上"
    driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="J_selectorPrice"]/div/div[2]/div/ul/li[7]/a').click()
    time.sleep(1)
    # 点击事件 -- "评论数"
    driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="J_filter"]/div[1]/div[1]/a[3]').click()
    time.sleep(1)
    # 点击事件 -- 点击一款电脑
    driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="plist"]/ul/li[1]/div/div[1]/a/img').click()
    time.sleep(1)

    # 切换句柄
    notebook_handle = driver.current_window_handle
    # 重新获取全部句柄
    handles = driver.window_handles
    for handle in handles:
        if handle != index_handle and handle != notebook_handle:
            driver.switch_to.window(handle)
    time.sleep(1)

    # 滚动'滚动条'
    js = 'window.scrollTo(0, 1000)'  # px 像素
    driver.execute_script(js)
    time.sleep(1)

    # 选中规则与包装
    driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="detail"]/div[1]/ul/li[2]').click()
    time.sleep(1)

    # 定位到所有表格中的数据
    info_elements = driver.find_elements_by_class_name('Ptable-item')
    # 结果信息数据
    result_list = []
    for info_element in info_elements:
        # 解析商品信息，封装成dict数据
        info_element_dict = get_info_element_dict(info_element)
        result_list.append(info_element_dict)
    time.sleep(1)

    # 信息保存到文件
    save_goods_info(result_list)


# 解析商品信息，封装成dict数据
def get_info_element_dict(info_element):
    # 获取信息 -- 第 1 列
    computer_part = info_element.find_element_by_tag_name('h3')
    # 获取信息 -- 第 2 列
    computer_info_keys = info_element.find_elements_by_tag_name('dt')
    # 获取信息 -- 第 3 列
    # computer_info_values = info_element.find_element_by_tag_name('dd')
    computer_info_values = info_element.find_elements_by_xpath('dl//dd[not(contains(@class, "Ptable-tips"))]')

    # 信息字典，存储 part
    part_dict = {}
    # 信息字典，存储 key: value
    key_and_value_dict = {}
    for i in range(len(computer_info_keys)):
        tmp_key = computer_info_keys[i].text
        tmp_value = computer_info_values[i].text
        key_and_value_dict[tmp_key] = tmp_value
    part_dict[computer_part.text] = key_and_value_dict

    return part_dict


# 信息保存到文件
def save_goods_info(result_list):
    with open(goods_file_path + goods_file_name, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
        json.dump(result_list, f, ensure_ascii=False)
        # f.write(str(result_list))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 绝对路径
    project_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.curdir)
    # 文件路径
    goods_file_path = project_path + '/goods_info/'
    print('----- goods file path:', goods_file_path)
    if not os.path.exists(goods_file_path):
        os.mkdir(goods_file_path)
    # 文件名 -- 文本文件
    goods_file_name = 'computer-2.infos'
    time.sleep(1)

    # 驱动浏览器
    driver = webdriver.Chrome('/Users/****/Desktop/work_note/ai_git/lesson_selenium/chromedriver')
    driver.maximize_window()
    # 目标网址
    web_url = 'https://www.jd.com/'
    # info location
    to_goods_page(driver, web_url)

    # 关闭浏览器
    time.sleep(5)
    driver.quit()