民族主义的复兴

国际民族主义运动听起来很自相矛盾：因为民族主义者最关心的是自己国家的命运，并不会考虑国际上其他国家的命运，又何来的“国际”呢？然而，全世界的确都在见证一个“民族主义国际”的出现。

大规模的移民潮和2008年金融危机等事件的发生，让人们更加怀念那个更稳定、更单纯、以民族为中心的过去。从特朗普的那句“make America great again!”之后，这种用昔日荣光来激发爱国热情的手段似乎成了全球政客拉拢人心的上策。

民族主义的确是振兴国家发展的强心剂，可一旦民族主义沦落到敌视外来移民、拒绝多元化的地步，人民将彻底失去国家繁荣的根基。

本篇课程选自 The Economist Espresso APP

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Nationalism

① One phrase, in all its variants, has been doing the rounds in global politics.

② Inspired by Donald Trump's "America first", politicians are bellowing "Prima gli italiani", "Deutschland zuerst" and "Brasil por encima de todo".

③ This is the renaissance of nationalism.

④ Treating a population as a homogenous group with its own interests is not just the stuff of populists; it also drives left-wing thinking on matters such as the welfare state.

⑤ But reverberations of nationalism today are mostly right-wing and, paradoxically, transnational.

⑥ Across the world, anxieties flare over globalisation, new technologies and multiculturalism; all are perceived as antithetical to national identity and tradition.

⑦ American and British nostalgia epidemics have left millions chasing ghosts.

⑧ In Europe the idea of borderless "ever-closer union" is, to many, downright alarming.

⑨ Today's nationalists split societies along any number of fault-lines: "patriots" versus "globalists", "natives" versus "immigrants", and so on.

⑩ Inclusive patriots emphasise that there is strength in diversity.

▍生词好句

variant /'veərɪənt/: n. 变体

do/go the rounds: 到处传播

bellow /'beləʊ/: vt. 怒吼

renaissance /rɪˈneɪsns, ˈrenəsɑ:ns/: n. 复兴；文艺复兴 (Renaissance)

homogenous /hə'mɒdʒɪnəs/: adj. 同质的

populist /'pɒpjʊlɪst/: n. 民粹主义者

· populism: n. 民粹主义

reverberation /rɪˌvɜːbə'reɪʃn/: n. 回响；广泛影响

transnational /trænz'næʃənəl, træns'næʃənəl/: adj. 跨国的

paradoxically /ˌpærə'dɒksɪklɪ/: adv. 矛盾地

flare /fleə/: vi. 燃烧

antithetical /ˌæntɪˈθetɪkəl/: adj. 对立的

nostalgia /nɒ'stældʒə/: n. 怀旧

epidemic /epɪ'demɪk/: n. 传染病；蔓延

chase ghosts: 追逐并不存在的东西

split /splɪt/: vt. 分裂

patriot /'pætrɪət/: n. 爱国主义者

▍补充例句

1. variant

The colas on the market are all variants of the original drink.

市场上不同的可乐都是最早的那款饮料的变体。

2. do/go the rounds

This rumor has gone the rounds in that company.

这个谣言在那个公司里面四处传播。

▍责任编辑

李焕、杨晶妍、陈鑫悦、章晓丹