C++实现简易的通讯录程序

task.json文件配置

{
    "tasks": [
        {
            "type": "cppbuild",
            "label": "C/C++: g++.exe build1",
            "command": "D:\\software\\x86_64-8.1.0-release-posix-seh-rt_v6-rev0\\mingw64\\bin\\g++.exe",
            "args": [
                "${workspaceFolder}/utils/*",
                "${file}",
                "-o",
                "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe"
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "D:\\software\\x86_64-8.1.0-release-posix-seh-rt_v6-rev0\\mingw64\\bin"
            },
            "problemMatcher": [
                "$gcc"
            ],
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            },
            "detail": "Generated task by Debugger"
        }
    ],
    "version": "2.0.0"
}

文件目录

图片.png

main.cpp

#include "utils/contract.hpp"

int main()
{
    Contracts contracts;

    while (true)
    {
        contracts.showMenu();
        int select = 0;
        std::cin >> select;
        switch (select)
        {
        case 1: // 添加联系人
        {
            contracts.addPerson();
        }
        break;
        case 2: // 显示联系人
        {
            contracts.showPerson();
        }
        break;
        case 3: // 删除联系人
        {
            contracts.deletePerson();
        }
        break;
        case 4: // 查找联系人
        {
            contracts.findPerson();
        }
        break;
        case 5: // 修改联系人
        {
            contracts.modifyPerson();
        }
        break;
        case 6: // 清空通讯录
        {
            contracts.clearAllPerson();
        }
        break;
        case 0: // 退出通讯录
        {
            std::cout << "欢迎下次使用" << std::endl;
            contracts.clearScreen();
            return 0;
        }
        break;
        default:
            break;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

const.hpp

// 定义最大联系人数量为 1000
const int MAX = 1000;

#ifndef WINDOWS
#define WINDOWS
#endif

models.hpp

#pragma once
#include <string>
using namespace std;
#include "const.hpp"


struct Person {
    // 姓名
    std::string mName;
    // 性别
    int mSex;
    // 电话
    std::string mPhone;
    // 年龄
    int mAge;
    // 地址
    std::string mAddr;
};


struct AddressBooks {
    // 通讯录中保存的联系人数组
    struct Person personArray[MAX];
    // 通讯录中当前联系人个数
    int mSize;
};

contract.hpp

#pragma once
#include "models.hpp"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Contracts {
    public:
        Contracts();
        Contracts(const Contracts& other);
        void showMenu();
        void clearScreen();
        void addPerson();
        void showPerson();
        void deletePerson();
        void findPerson();
        void modifyPerson();
        void clearAllPerson();
        int isExists(std::string name);
        ~Contracts();
    private:
        AddressBooks *addressBooks;
};

contract.cpp

#include "contract.hpp"

Contracts::Contracts()
{
    std::cout << "Contract 构造函数被调用..." << std::endl;
    this->addressBooks = new AddressBooks;
    this->addressBooks->mSize = 0;
}

Contracts::Contracts(const Contracts &other)
{
    // 在堆上拷贝一个新的Addressbook，深拷贝，避免重复释放
    std::cout << "Contract 拷贝构造函数被调用..." << std::endl;
    this->addressBooks = new AddressBooks(*other.addressBooks);
}

Contracts::~Contracts()
{
    std::cout << "Contracts 析构函数被调用..." << std::endl;
    if (this->addressBooks != NULL)
    {
        delete this->addressBooks;
        this->addressBooks = NULL;
    }
}

// Contracts::showMenu 显示通讯录菜单的函数
void Contracts::showMenu()
{
    std::cout << "**************************" << std::endl;
    std::cout << "****** 1、添加联系人 ******" << std::endl;
    std::cout << "****** 2、显示联系人 ******" << std::endl;
    std::cout << "****** 3、删除联系人 ******" << std::endl;
    std::cout << "****** 4、查找联系人 ******" << std::endl;
    std::cout << "****** 5、修改联系人 ******" << std::endl;
    std::cout << "****** 6、清空联系人 ******" << std::endl;
    std::cout << "****** 0、退出通讯录 ******" << std::endl;
    std::cout << "**************************" << std::endl;
}

// Contracts::clearScreen 清空屏幕的函数
void Contracts::clearScreen()
{
    std::cout << "请按任意键继续..." << std::endl;
    getchar();
    getchar();
#ifdef WINDOWS
    system("cls");
#else
    system("clear");
#endif
}

// Contracts::addPerson 添加联系人的函数
void Contracts::addPerson()
{
    // 通讯录满
    if (this->addressBooks->mSize == MAX)
    {
        std::cout << "通讯录已满，无法添加!" << std::endl;
        return;
    }

    // 姓名
    std::string name;
    std::cout << "请输入姓名: " << std::endl;
    cin >> name;
    this->addressBooks->personArray[this->addressBooks->mSize].mName = name;

    // 性别
    std::cout << "请输入性别: " << std::endl;
    std::cout << "1 --- 男" << std::endl;
    std::cout << "2 --- 女" << std::endl;
    int sex = 0;
    while (true)
    {
        cin >> sex;
        // 循环输入，如果有误，重新输入
        if (sex == 1 || sex == 2)
        {
            this->addressBooks->personArray[this->addressBooks->mSize].mSex = sex;
            break;
        }
        std::cout << "输入有误，请重新输入" << std::endl;
    }

    // 年龄
    std::cout << "请输入年龄: " << std::endl;
    int age = 0;
    cin >> age;
    this->addressBooks->personArray[this->addressBooks->mSize].mAge = age;

    // 电话
    std::cout << "请输入联系电话: " << std::endl;
    std::string phone;
    std::cin >> phone;
    this->addressBooks->personArray[this->addressBooks->mSize].mPhone = phone;

    // 住址
    std::cout << "请输入家庭住址: " << std::endl;
    std::string addr;
    std::cin >> addr;
    this->addressBooks->personArray[this->addressBooks->mSize].mAddr = addr;

    this->addressBooks->mSize++;
    std::cout << "添加成功 " << std::endl;
    this->clearScreen();
}

// Contracts::showPerson 显示联系人功能
void Contracts::showPerson()
{
    if (this->addressBooks->mSize == 0)
    {
        std::cout << "当前记录为空" << std::endl;
    }
    else
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < this->addressBooks->mSize; i++)
        {
            std::cout << "姓名: " << this->addressBooks->personArray[i].mName << "\t";
            std::cout << "性别: " << (this->addressBooks->personArray[i].mSex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t";
            std::cout << "年龄: " << this->addressBooks->personArray[i].mAge << "\t";
            std::cout << "电话: " << this->addressBooks->personArray[i].mPhone << "\t";
            std::cout << "住址: " << this->addressBooks->personArray[i].mAddr << std::endl;
        }
    }

    this->clearScreen();
}

// Contracts::isExists 判断用户是否存在的函数，存在返回index，不存在返回-1
int Contracts::isExists(std::string name)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < this->addressBooks->mSize; i++)
    {
        if (this->addressBooks->personArray[i].mName == name)
        {
            return i;
        }
    }
    return -1;
}

// Contracts::deletePerson 删除联系人的操作
void Contracts::deletePerson()
{
    std::cout << "请输入您要删除的联系人 " << std::endl;
    std::string name;
    std::cin >> name;
    int ret = this->isExists(name);
    if (ret == -1)
    {
        std::cout << "查无此人" << std::endl;
    }
    else
    {
        for (int i = ret; i < this->addressBooks->mSize; i++)
        {
            // 从前往后，数据前移
            this->addressBooks->personArray[i] = this->addressBooks->personArray[i + 1];
        }
        this->addressBooks->mSize--;
        std::cout << "删除成功!" << std::endl;
    }
    this->clearScreen();
}

// Contracts::findPerson 查找联系人函数
void Contracts::findPerson()
{
    std::cout << "请输入您要查找的联系人 " << std::endl;
    std::string name;
    std::cin >> name;
    int ret = this->isExists(name);
    if (ret == -1)
    {
        std::cout << "查无此人" << std::endl;
    }
    else
    {
        std::cout << "姓名: " << this->addressBooks->personArray[ret].mName << "\t";
        std::cout << "性别: " << (this->addressBooks->personArray[ret].mSex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t";
        std::cout << "年龄: " << this->addressBooks->personArray[ret].mAge << "\t";
        std::cout << "电话: " << this->addressBooks->personArray[ret].mPhone << "\t";
        std::cout << "住址: " << this->addressBooks->personArray[ret].mAddr << std::endl;
    }
    this->clearScreen();
}

// Contracts::modifyPerson 修改联系人
void Contracts::modifyPerson()
{
    std::cout << "请输入您要修改的联系人 " << std::endl;
    std::string name;
    std::cin >> name;
    int ret = this->isExists(name);
    if (ret == -1)
    {
        std::cout << "查无此人" << std::endl;
    }
    else
    {
        // 姓名
        std::string name;
        std::cout << "请输入姓名: " << std::endl;
        cin >> name;
        this->addressBooks->personArray[ret].mName = name;

        // 性别
        std::cout << "请输入性别: " << std::endl;
        std::cout << "1 --- 男" << std::endl;
        std::cout << "2 --- 女" << std::endl;
        int sex = 0;
        while (true)
        {
            cin >> sex;
            // 循环输入，如果有误，重新输入
            if (sex == 1 || sex == 2)
            {
                this->addressBooks->personArray[ret].mSex = sex;
                break;
            }
            std::cout << "输入有误，请重新输入" << std::endl;
        }

        // 年龄
        std::cout << "请输入年龄: " << std::endl;
        int age = 0;
        cin >> age;
        this->addressBooks->personArray[ret].mAge = age;

        // 电话
        std::cout << "请输入联系电话: " << std::endl;
        std::string phone;
        std::cin >> phone;
        this->addressBooks->personArray[ret].mPhone = phone;

        // 住址
        std::cout << "请输入家庭住址: " << std::endl;
        std::string addr;
        std::cin >> addr;
        this->addressBooks->personArray[ret].mAddr = addr;
        std::cout << "修改成功 " << std::endl;
    }
    this->clearScreen();
}


// Contracts::clearAllPerson 清空所有联系人
void Contracts::clearAllPerson() {
    this->addressBooks->mSize = 0;
    std::cout << "通讯录已清空" << std::endl;
    this->clearScreen();
}

程序输出如下，

图片.png