UIKit之UITextField篇
2016-03-04 本文已影响527人
陈胜华
1.初始化控件 (文本输入控件)
特殊初始化
_evtxf = ({
UITextField *ettxf = [[UITextField alloc]init];
.
.
[self.view addSubview:ettxf];
ettxf;
});
2.设置基本属性及用法
frame:设置UITextField的显示起点坐标（x,y）和宽高(width,height)
ettxf.frame = CGRectMake(<#x起点#>, <#y起点#>, <#宽度#>,<#高度#>);
placeholder:当输入框没有内容时，水印提示提示内容为"水印提示"
ettxf.placeholder = @"水印提示";
//补充：设置placeholder的颜色，其中的_placeholderLabel.textColor是系统自带的，可以直接使用
[ettxf setValue:[UIColor grayColor] forKeyPath:@"_placeholderLabel.textColor"];
//textColor:设置输入文字字体颜色
ettxf.textColor = [UIColor redColor];
//设置光标颜色
[ettxf setTintColor:[UIColor whiteColor]];
backgroundColor:设置输入框的背景颜色，此时设置为白色如果使用了自定义的背景图片边框会被忽略掉（建议：backgroundColor与background别同时使用）
ettxf.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
background设置背景
ettxf.borderStyle = UITextBorderStyleNone;//先要去除边框样式(类似UIButtonCustom)
ettxf.background = [UIImage imageNamed:@"iconfont-Mask.png"];
font:设置输入框内容的字体样式和大小
ettxf.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:15];
secureTextEntry:密码形式输入
ettxf.secureTextEntry = YES;
clearsOnBeginEditing:再次编辑就清空
ettxf.clearsOnBeginEditing = YES;
adjustsFontSizeToFitWidth:当文字超出文本框宽度时，自动调整文字大小
ettxf.adjustsFontSizeToFitWidth = YES;
minimumFontSize:最小可缩小的字号和adjustsFontSizeToFitWidth一起使用
ettxf.minimumFontSize = 20;
textAlignment:内容对齐方式（水平对齐 ）
ettxf.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentLeft;
contentVerticalAlignment: 垂直对齐 (该属性不起作用，待后续研究)
ettxf.contentVerticalAlignment = UIControlContentVerticalAlignmentCenter;
borderStyle:设置边框样式，只有设置了才会显示边框样式
ettxf.borderStyle = UITextBorderStyleRoundedRect;
clearButtonMode:输入框中是否有个叉号，在什么时候显示，用于一次性删除输入框中的内容
ettxf.clearButtonMode = UITextFieldViewModeAlways;
keyboardType:设置键盘的样式
ettxf.keyboardType = UIKeyboardTypeDefault;
/************************************UIKeyboardType************************************/
UIKeyboardTypeDefault ; //系统默认的虚拟键盘
UIKeyboardTypeASCIICapable ; //显示英文字母的虚拟键盘
UIKeyboardTypeNumbersAndPunctuation;//显示数字＋标点的虚拟键盘
UIKeyboardTypeURL ; //URL键盘，支持.com按钮只支持URL字符
UIKeyboardTypeNumberPad ; //数字键盘
UIKeyboardTypePhonePad ; //显示便于拨号呼叫的电话键盘
UIKeyboardTypeNamePhonePad ; //电话键盘，也支持输入人名
UIKeyboardTypeEmailAddress ; //用于输入电子邮件地址的键盘
UIKeyboardTypeDecimalPad ; //数字＋小数点的数字键盘
UIKeyboardTypeTwitter ; //优化的键盘，方便输入@、#字符
/**************************************************************************************/
autocorrectionType:是否纠错
ettxf.autocorrectionType = UITextAutocorrectionTypeNo;
/***************************UITextAutocorrectionType***********************************/
UITextAutocorrectionTypeDefault ; //默认
UITextAutocorrectionTypeNo ; //不自动纠错
UITextAutocorrectionTypeYes ; //自动纠错
/**************************************************************************************/
autocapitalizationType:首字母是否大写
ettxf.autocapitalizationType = UITextAutocapitalizationTypeNone;
/***************************UITextAutocapitalizationType******************************/
UITextAutocapitalizationTypeNone ;//不自动大写
UITextAutocapitalizationTypeWords ;//单词首字母大写
UITextAutocapitalizationTypeSentences ;//句子的首字母大写
UITextAutocapitalizationTypeAllCharacters;//所有字母都大写
/**************************************************************************************/
returnKeyType:return键变成什么键
ettxf.returnKeyType =UIReturnKeyDone;
/****************************UIReturnKeyType******************************************/
UIReturnKeyDefault ;//默认灰色按钮，标有Return
UIReturnKeyGo ;//标有Go的蓝色按钮
UIReturnKeyGoogle ;//标有Google的蓝色按钮，用语搜索
UIReturnKeyJoin ;//标有Join的蓝色按钮
UIReturnKeyNext ;//标有Next的蓝色按钮
UIReturnKeyRoute ;//标有Route的蓝色按钮
UIReturnKeySearch ;//标有Search的蓝色按钮
UIReturnKeySend ;//标有Send的蓝色按钮
UIReturnKeyYahoo ;//标有Yahoo的蓝色按钮
UIReturnKeyYahoo ;//标有Yahoo的蓝色按钮
UIReturnKeyEmergencyCall;//紧急呼叫按钮
/**************************************************************************************/
leftView和leftViewMode:最右或者最左侧(光标前的占位符)
UIView *v = [[UIView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 40, 2)];
v.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
ettxf.leftView= v;
ettxf.leftViewMode = UITextFieldViewModeWhileEditing;
/**************************************************************************************/
UITextFieldViewModeNever ;//从不出现
UITextFieldViewModeWhileEditing ;//当编辑时出现
UITextFieldViewModeUnlessEditing;//
UITextFieldViewModeAlways ;//一直存在
/**************************************************************************************/
keyboardAppearance:键盘外观
ettxf.keyboardAppearance=UIKeyboardAppearanceDefault;
/****************************UIReturnKeyType*******************************************/
UIKeyboardAppearanceDefault ;//默认外观，浅灰色
UIKeyboardAppearanceAlert ;//深灰石墨色
/**************************************************************************************/```
补充重点(addTaget:...)
[ettxf addTarget:self action:@selector(<#方法名称#>) forControlEvents:<#触发状态#>]
[ettxf addTarget:self
action:@selector(textFieldDidChange:)//私有方法
forControlEvents:UIControlEventEditingChanged];
- (void)textFieldDidChange:(UITextField*)textField{//类似UIButton addTag..监听方法
NSLog(@"输入框内容 = %@",textField.text);
}
/****************************UIControlEvents********************************/
UIControlEventEditingDidBegin ;//
UIControlEventEditingChanged ;//
UIControlEventEditingDidEnd ;//
UIControlEventEditingDidEndOnExit ;//
/**************************************************************************
//补充重点(NotificaitonCenter监听)
NSNotificationCenter *center = [NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter];
[center addObserver:self
selector:@selector(texfFieldNotification:)
name:UITextFieldTextDidChangeNotification object:nil];
- (void)texfFieldNotification:(NSNotification*)noti{//私有方法
NSLog(@"输入款变化了");
}
/***************************************************************************/
UITextFieldTextDidBeginEditingNotification ;//监听开始编辑
UITextFieldTextDidChangeNotification ;//监听正在编辑
UITextFieldTextDidEndEditingNotification ;//监听结束编辑
/***************************************************************************/
自定义键盘属性(inputView)
//自定义键盘，将原有的键盘隐藏，显示当前自定义视图
UIView *keyBoardContent = [[UIView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width, 100)];
keyBoardContent.backgroundColor = [UIColor darkGrayColor];
ettxf.inputView = keyBoardContent;
自定义辅助键盘视图(inputAccessoryView)
UIView *subView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, self.view.bounds.size.width, 80)];
subView.backgroundColor = [UIColor greenColor];
ettxf.inputAccessoryView = subView;
补充重点 （监听键盘出现,知晓键盘CGRect）
- (void)efObserverKeyBoardShowAndHidde{
//注册键盘出现
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
selector:@selector(keyBoardWasShow:)
name:UIKeyboardWillShowNotification
object:nil];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
selector:@selector(keyBoardWillBeHidden:)
name:UIKeyboardWillHideNotification
object:nil];
}
- (void)keyBoardWasShow:(NSNotification*)aNotification{
NSLog(@"键盘出现");
//键盘高度
//CGRect keyBoardFrame = [[[aNotification userInfo] objectForKey:UIKeyboardFrameEndUserInfoKey] CGRectValue];
}
-(void)keyBoardWillBeHidden:(NSNotification*)aNotification{
NSLog(@"键盘消失");
}
- (void)removeObserver{//移除所有通知
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter]removeObserver:self];
}
补充属性(水印提示文字颜色)
attributedPlaceholder:水印提示文字颜色
NSMutableAttributedString *attrString = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc]initWithString:@"水印提示文字"];
[attrString addAttribute:NSForegroundColorAttributeNam
value:[UIColor redColor]
range:NSMakeRange(0, 2)];
ettxf.attributedPlaceholder = attrString;
3.代理协议及委托方法
用户不段的输入，可以控制达到某些条件，禁止输入(如，输入手机号码<=11位)*
//!!!!!!!!!!!!!!重点!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
//限定输入条件
- (BOOL)textField:(UITextField *)textField shouldChangeCharactersInRange:(NSRange)range replacementString:(NSString *)string{
//得到输入框的内容
NSString * textString = [textField.text stringByReplacingCharactersInRange:range withString:string];
if ([string isEqualToString:@"\n"]) {
NSLog(@"回车");
}
if ([string isEqualToString:@""]) {
NSLog(@"后退");
}
if ([string isEqualToString:@" "]) {
NSLog(@"空格");
//return NO;//禁止空格输入
}
if (textString.length>4) {
NSLog(@"输入超过5位数");
}
//新思路-- xxx xxxx xxxx格式输出手机号码
NSString * textString = [textField.text stringByReplacingCharactersInRange:range withString:string];
if (textField == _phoneNumTFView.tf) {
// 四位加一个空格
if ([string isEqualToString:@""]) { // 删除字符
if (textString.length==4||textString.length==8) {
textField.text = [textField.text substringToIndex:textField.text.length - 1];
}
} else {
//手机号输入xxx xxxx xxxx
if (textString.length==4||textString.length==9) {
textField.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ ", textField.text];
}
}
return textString.length<=13;
}
return YES;
}
4.键盘收起方式
方式 1:
[_evtxf resignFirstResponder];
方式 2:
[[[UIApplication sharedApplication]keyWindow] endEditing:YES];
方式 3:
[[UIApplication sharedApplication]sendAction:@selector(resignFirstResponder) to:nil from:nil forEvent:nil];
方式 4:
[self.view endEditing:YES];
5.Block代替代理协议
1.使用方法
//使用前提条件：导入UITextField+Blocks.h文件
UITextField *ettxf = [[UITextField alloc]init];
.
.
.
ettxf.delegate = self;//设置代理
//推荐使用方法：
[ettxf setShouldBegindEditingBlock:^BOOL(UITextField *textField) {
return YES;
}];
[ettxf setShouldChangeCharactersInRangeBlock:^BOOL(UITextField *textField, NSRange range, NSString *string) {
NSString *str = [textField.text stringByReplacingCharactersInRange:range withString:string];
NSLog(@"%@ || %@",string,str);
return YES;
}];
[ettxf setShouldEndEditingBlock:^BOOL(UITextField *textField) {
return YES;
}];
//与推荐方式一致：（不太理解block的，建议直接使用以上方法）
ettxf.shouldBegindEditingBlock = ^BOOL(UITextField *textField){
return YES;
};
ettxf.shouldEndEditingBlock = ^BOOL(UITextField *textField){
return YES;
};
ettxf.shouldChangeCharactersInRangeBlock = ^BOOL(UITextField *textField, NSRange range, NSString *string){
NSString *str = [textField.text stringByReplacingCharactersInRange:range withString:string];
NSLog(@"%@ || %@",string,str);
return YES;
};
[self.view addSubview:ettxf];
UITextField+Blocks.h文件
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
@interface UITextField (Blocks)
/**
* 即将开始编辑
*/
@property (copy, nonatomic) BOOL (^shouldBegindEditingBlock)(UITextField *textField);
/**
* 即将结束编辑
*/
@property (copy, nonatomic) BOOL (^shouldEndEditingBlock)(UITextField *textField);
/**
* 已经开始编辑
*/
@property (copy, nonatomic) void (^didBeginEditingBlock)(UITextField *textField);
/**
* 已经结束编辑
*/
@property (copy, nonatomic) void (^didEndEditingBlock)(UITextField *textField);
/**
* 正在编辑中
*/
@property (copy, nonatomic) BOOL (^shouldChangeCharactersInRangeBlock)(UITextField *textField, NSRange range, NSString *replacementString);
/**
* 即将点击return
*/
@property (copy, nonatomic) BOOL (^shouldReturnBlock)(UITextField *textField);
/**
* 即将点击clearButton
*/
@property (copy, nonatomic) BOOL (^shouldClearBlock)(UITextField *textField);
- (void)setShouldBegindEditingBlock:(BOOL (^)(UITextField *textField))shouldBegindEditingBlock;
- (void)setShouldEndEditingBlock:(BOOL (^)(UITextField *textField))shouldEndEditingBlock;
- (void)setDidBeginEditingBlock:(void (^)(UITextField *textField))didBeginEditingBlock;
- (void)setDidEndEditingBlock:(void (^)(UITextField *textField))didEndEditingBlock;
- (void)setShouldChangeCharactersInRangeBlock:(BOOL (^)(UITextField *textField, NSRange range, NSString *string))shouldChangeCharactersInRangeBlock;
- (void)setShouldClearBlock:(BOOL (^)(UITextField *textField))shouldClearBlock;
- (void)setShouldReturnBlock:(BOOL (^)(UITextField *textField))shouldReturnBlock;
@end
UITextField+Blocks.m文件
#import "UITextField+Blocks.h"
#import <objc/runtime.h>
typedef BOOL (^UITextFieldReturnBlock) (UITextField *textField);
typedef void (^UITextFieldVoidBlock) (UITextField *textField);
typedef BOOL (^UITextFieldCharacterChangeBlock) (UITextField *textField, NSRange range, NSString *replacementString);
@implementation UITextField (Blocks)
static const void *UITextFieldDelegateKey = &UITextFieldDelegateKey;
static const void *UITextFieldShouldBeginEditingKey = &UITextFieldShouldBeginEditingKey;
static const void *UITextFieldShouldEndEditingKey = &UITextFieldShouldEndEditingKey;
static const void *UITextFieldDidBeginEditingKey = &UITextFieldDidBeginEditingKey;
static const void *UITextFieldDidEndEditingKey = &UITextFieldDidEndEditingKey;
static const void *UITextFieldShouldChangeCharactersInRangeKey = &UITextFieldShouldChangeCharactersInRangeKey;
static const void *UITextFieldShouldClearKey = &UITextFieldShouldClearKey;
static const void *UITextFieldShouldReturnKey = &UITextFieldShouldReturnKey;
#pragma mark UITextField Delegate methods
+ (BOOL)textFieldShouldBeginEditing:(UITextField *)textField
{
UITextFieldReturnBlock block = textField.shouldBegindEditingBlock;
if (block) {
return block(textField);
}
id delegate = objc_getAssociatedObject(self, UITextFieldDelegateKey);
if ([delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(textFieldShouldBeginEditing:)]) {
return [delegate textFieldShouldBeginEditing:textField];
}
// return default value just in case
return YES;
}
+ (BOOL)textFieldShouldEndEditing:(UITextField *)textField
{
UITextFieldReturnBlock block = textField.shouldEndEditingBlock;
if (block) {
return block(textField);
}
id delegate = objc_getAssociatedObject(self, UITextFieldDelegateKey);
if ([delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(textFieldShouldEndEditing:)]) {
return [delegate textFieldShouldEndEditing:textField];
}
// return default value just in case
return YES;
}
+ (void)textFieldDidBeginEditing:(UITextField *)textField
{
UITextFieldVoidBlock block = textField.didBeginEditingBlock;
if (block) {
block(textField);
}
id delegate = objc_getAssociatedObject(self, UITextFieldDelegateKey);
if ([delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(textFieldDidBeginEditing:)]) {
[delegate textFieldDidBeginEditing:textField];
}
}
+ (void)textFieldDidEndEditing:(UITextField *)textField
{
UITextFieldVoidBlock block = textField.didEndEditingBlock;
if (block) {
block(textField);
}
id delegate = objc_getAssociatedObject(self, UITextFieldDelegateKey);
if ([delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(textFieldDidEndEditing:)]) {
[delegate textFieldDidBeginEditing:textField];
}
}
+ (BOOL)textField:(UITextField *)textField shouldChangeCharactersInRange:(NSRange)range replacementString:(NSString *)string
{
UITextFieldCharacterChangeBlock block = textField.shouldChangeCharactersInRangeBlock;
if (block) {
return block(textField,range,string);
}
id delegate = objc_getAssociatedObject(self, UITextFieldDelegateKey);
if ([delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(textField:shouldChangeCharactersInRange:replacementString:)]) {
return [delegate textField:textField shouldChangeCharactersInRange:range replacementString:string];
}
return YES;
}
+ (BOOL)textFieldShouldClear:(UITextField *)textField
{
UITextFieldReturnBlock block = textField.shouldClearBlock;
if (block) {
return block(textField);
}
id delegate = objc_getAssociatedObject(self, UITextFieldDelegateKey);
if ([delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(textFieldShouldClear:)]) {
return [delegate textFieldShouldClear:textField];
}
return YES;
}
+ (BOOL)textFieldShouldReturn:(UITextField *)textField
{
UITextFieldReturnBlock block = textField.shouldReturnBlock;
if (block) {
return block(textField);
}
id delegate = objc_getAssociatedObject(self, UITextFieldDelegateKey);
if ([delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(textFieldShouldReturn:)]) {
return [delegate textFieldShouldReturn:textField];
}
return YES;
}
#pragma mark Block setting/getting methods
- (BOOL (^)(UITextField *))shouldBegindEditingBlock
{
return objc_getAssociatedObject(self, UITextFieldShouldBeginEditingKey);
}
- (void)setShouldBegindEditingBlock:(BOOL (^)(UITextField *))shouldBegindEditingBlock
{
[self setDelegateIfNoDelegateSet];
objc_setAssociatedObject(self, UITextFieldShouldBeginEditingKey, shouldBegindEditingBlock, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_COPY);
}
- (BOOL (^)(UITextField *))shouldEndEditingBlock
{
return objc_getAssociatedObject(self, UITextFieldShouldEndEditingKey);
}
- (void)setShouldEndEditingBlock:(BOOL (^)(UITextField *))shouldEndEditingBlock
{
[self setDelegateIfNoDelegateSet];
objc_setAssociatedObject(self, UITextFieldShouldEndEditingKey, shouldEndEditingBlock, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_COPY);
}
- (void (^)(UITextField *))didBeginEditingBlock
{
return objc_getAssociatedObject(self, UITextFieldDidBeginEditingKey);
}
- (void)setDidBeginEditingBlock:(void (^)(UITextField *))didBeginEditingBlock
{
[self setDelegateIfNoDelegateSet];
objc_setAssociatedObject(self, UITextFieldDidBeginEditingKey, didBeginEditingBlock, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_COPY);
}
- (void (^)(UITextField *))didEndEditingBlock
{
return objc_getAssociatedObject(self, UITextFieldDidEndEditingKey);
}
- (void)setDidEndEditingBlock:(void (^)(UITextField *))didEndEditingBlock
{
[self setDelegateIfNoDelegateSet];
objc_setAssociatedObject(self, UITextFieldDidEndEditingKey, didEndEditingBlock, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_COPY);
}
- (BOOL (^)(UITextField *, NSRange, NSString *))shouldChangeCharactersInRangeBlock
{
return objc_getAssociatedObject(self, UITextFieldShouldChangeCharactersInRangeKey);
}
- (void)setShouldChangeCharactersInRangeBlock:(BOOL (^)(UITextField *, NSRange, NSString *))shouldChangeCharactersInRangeBlock
{
[self setDelegateIfNoDelegateSet];
objc_setAssociatedObject(self, UITextFieldShouldChangeCharactersInRangeKey, shouldChangeCharactersInRangeBlock, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_COPY);
}
- (BOOL (^)(UITextField *))shouldReturnBlock
{
return objc_getAssociatedObject(self, UITextFieldShouldReturnKey);
}
- (void)setShouldReturnBlock:(BOOL (^)(UITextField *))shouldReturnBlock
{
[self setDelegateIfNoDelegateSet];
objc_setAssociatedObject(self, UITextFieldShouldReturnKey, shouldReturnBlock, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_COPY);
}
- (BOOL (^)(UITextField *))shouldClearBlock
{
return objc_getAssociatedObject(self, UITextFieldShouldClearKey);
}
- (void)setShouldClearBlock:(BOOL (^)(UITextField *textField))shouldClearBlock
{
[self setDelegateIfNoDelegateSet];
objc_setAssociatedObject(self, UITextFieldShouldClearKey, shouldClearBlock, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_COPY);
}
#pragma mark control method
/*
Setting itself as delegate if no other delegate has been set. This ensures the UITextField will use blocks if no delegate is set.
*/
- (void)setDelegateIfNoDelegateSet
{
if (self.delegate != (id<UITextFieldDelegate>)[self class]) {
objc_setAssociatedObject(self, UITextFieldDelegateKey, self.delegate, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_ASSIGN);
self.delegate = (id<UITextFieldDelegate>)[self class];
}
}
@end
