英语作文中关系代词which、that的用法和区别
which和that都可指代物,有时候可以互换,有时却只能用其一:
一、只用that不能用which的情况:
(1)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时:
The most important thing that we should do is to study hard.
我们要做的最重要的事情就是努力学习。
(2)被修饰的先行词为all/ any/ much/ many/ everything/ anything/ none/the one等不定代词时:
Is there any thing that you want to buy?你有什么东西要买吗?
(3)先行词被the only/ the very/ the same/the last/ little/ few等词修饰时:
This is the same book that I lost.这就是我丢的那本书。
(3)先行词里同时含有人和物时:
I can remember the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.
我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
(4)避免重复:
Which is the pen that belongs to you?哪支笔是你的?
(5)主句是there be结构:
There is a pen on the desk that belongs to Tom.桌子上那支笔是汤姆的。
二、只用which,而不用that的情况:
(1)先行词为that/ those时:
What’s that which is under the desk?在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?
(2)关系代词前有介词时:
This is the city in which he lives.这是他生活的城市。
(3)引导非限制性定语从句:
Tom passed the exam, which made us surprised.汤姆通过了考试,这使我们很惊讶
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