外刊阅读：One fish at a time
近年来，由于过度捕捞，全球渔业资源大幅减少，海洋生态也受到了严重破坏。但是让人欣慰的是，在环保人士和政府的共同努力下，有些地区的情况已经开始好转了。
One fish at a time
by Hannah Summers
Globally, tuna fisheries have an annual value of more than $40 billion, making improved conservation of the species critical to sustaining marine ecosystems and coastal communities who rely on the industry for food and income.
globally /ˈɡləʊb(ə)li/ adv. 在全球、在全世界（由global加后缀-ly变成副词）
tuna /ˈtjuːnə/ n. 金枪鱼
fishery /ˈfɪʃ(ə)ri/ n. 渔场
annual value 年产值
billion /ˈbɪljən/ n. 十亿
conservation /ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 保护
species /ˈspiːʃiːz/ n. 物种（单数和复数都是species）
critical /ˈkrɪtɪk(ə)l/ adj. 关键的、决定性的
sustain /səˈsteɪn/ v. 使持续发展
marine /məˈriːn/ adj. 海洋的
ecosystem /ˈiːkəʊˌsɪstəm/ n. 生态系统（由system加上表示生态的前缀eco-）
coastal /ˈkəʊst(ə)l/ adj. 海岸边的、沿海的（由coast加后缀-al变成形容词）
community /kəˈmjuːnəti/ n. 社区
rely on 依靠
income /ˈɪnkʌm/ n. 收入
Indonesia produces more tuna than any other country in the world with total landings of more than 620,000 metric tonnes in 2014, according to the latest data published by the Pew Charitable Trusts.
Indonesia /ˌɪndəˈniːʒə/ n. 印度尼西亚（东南亚国家）
landing /ˈlændɪŋ/ n. 捕捞、捕捞量
metric /ˈmetrɪk/ adj. 公制的（metric tonne就是吨）
data /ˈdeɪtə/ n. 数据
The majority of tuna landed worldwide is taken by fishing vessels using large purse seine nets to encircle schools of fish. While purse seiners operating in the Indonesian economic zone are responsible for the biggest catches, their environmental impact is much greater than pole and line fisheries, which account for 50,000 metric tonnes a year, according to government estimates.
majority /məˈdʒɒrəti/ n. 大部分、大多数（由major加后缀-ity变成名词）
land /lænd/ v. 捕鱼、捕捞
worldwide /wɜːldˈwaɪd/ adv. 世界范围地（由world和wide组成）
vessel /ˈves(ə)l/ n. 轮船
purse seine /seɪn/ 围网
encircle /ɪnˈsɜːk(ə)l/ v. 包围（由circle加前缀en-变成动词）
school /skuːl/ n. 鱼群
purse seiner /seɪnə(r)/ 围网渔船
operate /ˈɒp(ə)reɪt/ v. 运作、作业
economic /ekəˈnɒmɪk/ adj. 经济的（由economy加后缀-ic变成形容词）
responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəb(ə)l/ adj. 负责任的
catch /kætʃ/ n. 捕获、捕获量
environmental /ɪnˌvaɪr(ə)nˈment(ə)l/ adj. 环境的（由environment加后缀-al变成形容词）
impact /ˈɪmpækt/ n. 显著影响
pole /pəʊl/ n. 杆、棒（pole and line指代用鱼杆钓鱼）
account for 占
estimate /ˈestɪmət/ n. 估计、估计值
In the past, Indonesia has been seen as a country with lots of small vessels operating without proper management, but steps taken by the ministry of maritime affairs and fisheries (MMAF) have started to bear fruit, said Martin Purves, managing director of UK-based charity the International Pole & Line Foundation.
step /step/ n. 步骤
ministry /ˈmɪnɪstri/ n. （中央政府的）部
maritime /ˈmærɪtaɪm/ adj. 海事的
affair /əˈfeə(r)/ n. 事务、公共事务
bear /beə(r)/ v. 开（花）、结（果）（bear fruit就是有成果）
managing director 这个职位相当于CEO
based /beɪst/ adj. 位于
charity /ˈtʃærəti/ n. 慈善机构
foundation /faʊnˈdeɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 基金会
In 2014 the MMAF introduced a raft of changes to manage Indonesia's marine resources, including banning fishing using foreign capital and the use of destructive fishing gear such as trawl nets.
introduce /ˌɪntrəˈdjuːs/ v. 推行、开始实施
a raft /rɑːft/ of = a lot of
resource /ˈriːsɔːs/ n. 资源
ban /bæn/ v. 禁止
capital /ˈkæpɪt(ə)l/ n. 资金、资本
destructive /dɪˈstrʌktɪv/ adj. 破坏性的
gear /ɡɪə(r)/ n. 设备
trawl /trɔːl/ net 拖网
Trian Yunanda, deputy director at the ministry, said the policies had led to increased fish stocks and and improvement in the prosperity of fishermen and coastal communities, according to figures for 2016 and 2017.
deputy /ˈdepjuti/ n. 副职、副手（deputy director就是副主管）
policy /ˈpɒləsi/ n. 政策
lead to 导致
stock /stɒk/ n. 供应量
prosperity /prɒsˈperəti/ n. 繁荣、兴旺
fisherman /ˈfɪʃəmən/ n. 渔夫
figure /ˈfɪɡə(r)/ n. 数字
Now the industry has reached another important milestone: the PT Crac Sorong pole and line fishery, based in the province of West Papua, has been certified by the internationally recognised Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) standard for sustainable fishing.
milestone /ˈmaɪlstəʊn/ n. 里程碑（由mile和stone组成）
Sorong 是一个印尼城市
province /ˈprɒvɪns/ n. 省、州
certify /ˈsɜːtɪfaɪ/ v. 认证
recognised /ˈrekəɡnaɪzd/ adj. 公认的
stewardship /ˈstjuːədʃɪp/ n. 管理、看管
council /ˈkaʊns(ə)l/ n. 理事会
standard /ˈstændəd/ n. 标准
sustainable /səˈsteɪnəb(ə)l/ adj. 可持续的（由sustain加后缀-able变成形容词）
"The efforts made by the fishery to achieve MSC certification will help safeguard livelihoods, seafood supplies and healthy oceans for future generations," said Patrick Caleo, Asia Pacific director at the MSC. "We hope to see other fisheries follow their lead by joining the global movement for seafood sustainability."
certification /ˌsɜːtɪfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 认证
safeguard /ˈseɪfɡɑːd/ v. 保护、保卫（由safe和guard组成）
livelihood /ˈlaɪvlihʊd/ n. 生计
seafood /ˈsiːfuːd/ n. 海鲜（由sea和food组成）
supply /səˈplaɪ/ n. 供应、供应量
generation /ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 一代人
Asia Pacific 亚太地区
lead /liːd/ n. 带领、引领
global /ˈɡləʊb(ə)l/ adj. 全球的、全世界的
movement /ˈmuːvmənt/ n. 运动、社会运动（由move加后缀-ment变成名词）
sustainability /səˌsteɪnəˈbɪləti/ n. 可持续性
Traditional pole and line fishing has been carried out in Indonesia for many generations. Ali Wibisono, the CEO at PT Crac, said the fishery had employed sustainable practices since it was founded in 1975.
traditional /trəˈdɪʃ(ə)n(ə)l/ adj. 传统的
carry out 实行、开展
employ /ɪmˈplɔɪ/ v. 使用
practice /ˈpræktɪs/ n. 实践、做法
found /faʊnd/ v. 创建、创办
The certification will boost the reputation of the Sorong product on the export market as well as having a positive impact on the labour market locally. "There will be work opportunities for fishermen in the pole and line fleets and also the workers in Sorong's fish factory," said Wibisono. "This will attract non-pole and line fisheries to follow our lead and improve the economic turnover in the region."
boost /buːst/ v. 提升、改进
reputation /ˌrepjuˈteɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 形象、声誉
export /ˈekspɔːt/ n. 出口
as well as = and also
positive /ˈpɒzətɪv/ adj. 正面的、积极的
labour /ˈleɪbə(r)/ n. 劳动者、劳工
locally /ˈləʊk(ə)li/ adv. 当地（由local加后缀-ly变成副词）
opportunity /ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti/ n. 机会
fleet /fliːt/ n. 船队
non- 前缀，表示否定（non-pole and line指非钓鱼形式的捕鱼）
turnover /ˈtɜːnəʊvə(r)/ n. 销售额、营业额
（如果您使用的是火狐浏览器，可能会发现某些行的最后一个单词被分成两半了，这是简书系统的Bug，换成Chrome或其他浏览器就能正常显示了。）
