课程笔记 | 奶爸的英语教室 | 《英语弱读连读》5. 虚词何时

虚词在下列4种情况应该用强读式：

1. 表示并列或对比（重读）

• It's either you or me who must go.
• It's my fault, not yours.
• He travels to and from New York several times a month.

 

2. 表示强调（重读）

• It was me who did it.
• it was she who was to blame.

 

3. 在句尾（强读不重读）

• What are you looking at?
• Who are you waiting for?
• Where did he come from?
• That was the only solution I could think of.
• Where are you going to?

 

4. 在非重读音节和人称代词之间（强读不重读）

• I've been waiting for you.
• I'm looking at him.

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弱读的5种主要形式：

1. 元音弱化

• /æ/弱化为/ə/：an，am，and，as，at，have，has，had，can，shall，that，than
• /ʌ/弱化为/ə/：but，us，does，must，some
• /ɒ/弱化为/ə/：was，from，of
• /u:/弱化为/ə/：do，to，you（/jə/只在美国语音中使用，英国标准语音中很少使用）
• /ʊ/弱化为/ə/：should，would，could
• /ɔ:/弱化为/ə/：your，for
• /ɜ:/弱化为/ə/：her，were
• /ɑ:/弱化为/ə/：are
• /ɪ/弱化为/ə/：will
• /e/弱化为/ə/：them
• /eə/弱化为/ə/：there

 

2. 长元音缩短但音质不变

• /i:/缩短成/i/：the，he，she，me，we，be
• /u:/缩短成/u/：you

 

3. 省略

• 省略位于词首的/h/：he，him，his，her，have，has，had

 

4. 省略元音，辅音成为音节的主体

• from /frm/，them /ðm/，shall /ʃl/，can /kn/，some /sm/，than /ðn/

 

5. 省略辅音和元音

• and /ən，nd，n/