【文魁大脑】《博赞思维导图管理师认证班》】陈木子 第十幅 《Tr

【文魁大脑】《博赞思维导图管理师认证班》】陈木子 第十幅 《Transport in Man—The Heart Revision》

【姓名】陈木子

【导师】王玉印、袁文魁

【导图解说】

这幅导图是我对生物里自认为自己比较薄弱的一章《Transport in Man》的复习。但是这一章内容太多，多到估计三幅导图都画不下，所以我选了《The Heart》这一小部分来画。中心图是我临摹的心脏结构(简)图，画得还是那么回事吧（Atria和Ventricle分开的那部分确实太难画了，就干脆没画）。

Main Branch 1: General Information. Heart is a muscular organ. Its function is to pump blood through blood vessels. It is approximately the size of a clenched. It is located within the thorax, behind the sternum and surrounded by the lungs.

Main Branch 2: Structure. A heart has four chambers, which are left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle and right ventricle. There are also quite a few blood vessels in the heart. For pulmonary circulation system, there are pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein. For systematic circulation system, there are aorta, anterior vena cava and posterior vena cava. Blood vessels, atria and ventricles are separated by valves, which are semilunar valves and atrioventricular valves. The left side of the heart and the right side of the heart are separated by a septum.

Main Branch 3: Cardiac Cycle. Cardiac cycle involves 3 stages, namely diastole(ventricular diastole and atrial diastole), atrial systole and ventricular systole. For diastole, all heart muscles relax, semilunar valves close and atrioventricular valves open. For atrial systole, heart muscles of the atria contract, semilunar valves close and atrioventricular valves open. For ventricular systole, heart muscles of the ventricles contract, semilunar valves open and atrioventricular valves close. Cardiac muscle cells are myogenic, because a region of the heart called the sinoatrial node is the pacemaker of the heart. It sets the rate and timing at which all cardiac muscle cells contract.

Main Branch 4: Heart Disease. By definition, heart diseases, namely cardiovascular diseases are disorders of the heart and the blood vessels. One type of cardiovascular disease is atherosclerosis. It is caused by the buildup of cholesterol within arteries to form plaque and exacerbated by the consumption of excessive amounts of trans fat and saturated fat in the diet. There are also other types of cardiovascular disease. For instance, hypertension, heart attack and stroke.