方法的写作

1. 1. 最好用被动语态，用一般过去时，除非在描述你创建的一个通用的方法或者模型、

2. 可以不像说明书那样，一句话只包含一个操作，可以是多个操作。

3. 如何避免方法中出现像一系列并列词语，看起来不自然

S1. Processes which often occur in lipids include: oxidation, hydration, dehydration,decarboxylation, esterification, aromatisation, hydrolysis, hydrogenation and polymerization. Factors that affect the chemistry of these materials include: heat (anthropogenic transformations), humidity, pH, and microbial attacks.

（修改后）S2. Several processes often occur in lipids, including oxidation, hydration, dehydration, decarboxylation, esterification, aromatisation, hydrolysis, hydrogenation, and polymerization.In addition, the chemistry of these materials can be affected, for example, by heat (anthropogenic transformations), humidity, pH, and microbial attacks.

4. 可以用项目编号，只要期刊允许

5. 如何减少字数

. 在一个句子中描述多个步骤

. assume your readers have basic knowledge of the techniques used in your field, you can thus delete any superfluous information

. cite a reference rather than detailing the procedure again if any of your methods are fully  

. described elsewhere (in one of your papers or someone else’s)

. use tables and figures to summarize information 

. be concise 

6. 应该如何指定我的研究参数，让不必不断地往前看

直接用方法或者名词的名字，用缩写

7.如何表示目的

In order to validate the results, we first had to ...

In an attempt  to identify the components, it was decided to ...

To provide a way  of characterizing  the samples, an adaptation of Smith’s method [2011] was used.

For the purpose  of investigating the patients previous medical history, we ...

Our aim was  to get a general picture of ...

This choice was aimed  at getting  a general picture of ...

这种句式可以简单地被不定式代替(e.g. To validate the results. To identify the components. To characterize the samples).

8. allow, enable and permit 的语法结构

allow someone or something to do something-----This equipment allowed  us  to identify X.

allow someone or something to be + past participle-----This equipment allowed X to be identified.

allow + noun ------This equipment allowed the identification of X.

allow 一般可以跟enable permit 互换

很多时候上述结构是可以省略的，例如：

Limiting the Xs allows the complexity of Y to be reduced  and permits the user to control  the deduction process.

Limiting  the  Xs  reduces  the  complexity  of Y,  and facilitates  control  of  the  deduction process.

9. 如何表示方法地结果

S1. An evaluation of this initial data demonstrated that X = Y,

thus  giving an insight into the function of Z.

thereby  providing a basis for investigating the function of Z.

S2.  An evaluation of this initial data demonstrated that X = Y.

Consequently the next step was to investigate the function of Z.

The next step was thus / therefore / consequently to investigate ... （放中间的这种用法更加自然）

除此之外，hence这个词也可以用的，且在数学中更加常见。

10. 如何表示数字

1）看期刊要求

2）在计量单位前时，用数字 (e.g. 9 mm, not nine millimeters)

3）禁止以数字作为句子开头... opening time of 4 ms. A total of 21768 pulses were applied ...rather than... opening time of 4  ms. 21768 pulses were applied ..

4）可以用文字表示数字，可以作为开头   Twenty thousand pulses were applied …