Apple Script 使用和常见问题

• 平台：Mac OS
• 工具：脚本编辑器
• AppleScript 帮助
• Introduction to AppleScript Language Guide

常用语句

hello world

say "hello world"
beep 2

变量

set a to {1, 2}
# 此处报错，a不能转成字符串
say a

dialog

set message to "Dialog Message"
set temp to display dialog message buttons {"OK", "Cancel"}
set selectedTitle to button returned of temp
display dialog "You pressed the following button " & selectedTitle

dialog_1 dialog_2

清空废纸篓

tell application "Finder"
    empty trash
end tell

列表选择器

choose from list {"dawei", "libai", "lilei"} with title "名字选择器" with prompt "请选择名称" default items {"lilei"} with empty selection allowed and multiple selections allowed

自定义内容选择.png

文件选择器

# choose folder 选择文件夹
choose file of type ("txt") with prompt "选取文件"

文件选择器

AppleScript 和 shell 交互

相互调用

AppleScript 调用shell

do shell script "cd ~;ls"

shell 调用 AppleScript

# osascript -e "语句"
finder=`osascript -e "set dir to POSIX path of (choose folder with prompt \"选择一个文件夹\")"`
# 输出结果/Users/xiaoniu/Documents/XXXX/
echo $finder

/** 
    osascript <<EOF
    语句
    EOF
 */

echo "shell 调用 AppleScript start"

path=`pwd`
osascript <<EOF
set a to  POSIX file "$path"
tell application "Finder"
    open folder a
end tell
EOF

# 这里注意一下传值问题，path是shell里面的变量，作为参数传个osascript语句，加了"".

echo "

传值

AppleScript -> shell

如果是字符串，可以直接使用 & 进行拼接。

set hostname to "www.baidu.com"

do shell script "ping -c1 " & hostname

更通用的是 quoted form of

# quoted form of
set hostname to "www.baidu.com"

do shell script "ping -c1 " & quoted form of hostname

shell -> AppleScript

path=`pwd`
osascript <<EOF
set a to  POSIX file "$path"

shell 调用 AppleScript

很多时候，shell 需要获取Apple Script的执行结果，获取方式如下

finder=`osascript -e "set dir to POSIX path of (choose folder with prompt \"选择一个文件夹\")"`
# 输出结果/Users/xiaoniu/Documents/XXXX/
echo $finder

路径转换

set p to "/usr/local/bin/" 
set a to POSIX file p 
   -- file "Macintosh HD:usr:local:bin:"

To translate an AppleScript path (file or directory, valid or not) into a POSIX path use POSIX path of.

set a to "Macintosh HD:usr:local:bin:" 
set p to POSIX path of a 
   -- "/usr/local/bin/"

定时执行脚本

单纯的脚本虽然功能强大，但是有时候的确不是那么方便。配合定时任务，脚本可以发挥更大的功能。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
  <dict>
    <key>Label</key>
    <string>com.feng.record</string>
    <key>ProgramArguments</key>
    <array>
        <string>osascript</string>
      <string>~/Documents/record.scpt</string>
    </array>
    <key>StartCalendarInterval</key>
    <dict>
      <key>Minute</key>
      <integer>0</integer>
      <key>Hour</key>
      <integer>18</integer>
    </dict>
    <key>StandardInPath</key>
    <string>~/Documents/MyAppleScript/in.log</string>
    <key>StandardOutPath</key>
    <string>~/Documents/MyAppleScript/out.log</string>
    <key>StandardErrorPath</key>
    <string>~/Documents/MyAppleScript/err.log</string>
  </dict>
</plist>

$ plutil -lint xxx.plist
$ launchctl load ~/Library/LaunchAgents/18.plist 

每天18：00执行脚本~/Documents/record.scpt，至于这个脚本里写什么就可以自由发挥了。

# record.scpt
# 语音 + 弹窗 提醒打卡
say "快去打卡，忘记打卡就不好了！"
display dialog "快去打卡，忘记打卡就不好了！" buttons {"了解"}