SpringBoot SpringSecurity(四)短信验证
Spring Security默认只提供了账号密码的登录认证逻辑,所以要实现手机短信验证码登录认证功能,我们需要模仿Spring Security账号密码登录逻辑代码来实现一套自己的认证逻辑。
通过下面步骤来完成短信验证码登录:
- 短信验证码生成
- 改造登录页
-
添加短信验证码认证
3.1 定义SmsAuthenticationToken
3.2 定义SmsAuthenticationFilter
3.3 定义SmsAuthenticationProvider
3.4 定义SmsCodeFilter
3.5 关联配置,配置生效 - 测试
短信验证码生成
创建基础类SmsCode:
@Data
public class SmsCode {
private String code;
private LocalDateTime expireTime;
public SmsCode(String code, int expireIn) {
this.code = code;
this.expireTime = LocalDateTime.now().plusSeconds(expireIn);
}
boolean isExpire() {
return LocalDateTime.now().isAfter(expireTime);
}
}
SmsCode对象包含了两个属性:code验证码和expireTime过期时间。isExpire方法用于判断短信验证码是否已过期。
创建生成短信验证码接口:
@Log
@RestController
public class ValidateController {
public final static String SESSION_KEY_IMAGE_CODE = "SESSION_KEY_IMAGE_CODE";
public final static String SESSION_KEY_SMS_CODE = "SESSION_KEY_SMS_CODE";
private SessionStrategy sessionStrategy = new HttpSessionSessionStrategy();
@GetMapping("/code/sms")
public void createSmsCode(HttpServletRequest request, String mobile) {
SmsCode smsCode = createSMSCode();
sessionStrategy.setAttribute(new ServletWebRequest(request), SESSION_KEY_SMS_CODE + mobile, smsCode);
log.info("登录验证为:" + smsCode.getCode());
}
private SmsCode createSMSCode() {
String code = RandomStringUtils.randomNumeric(6);
return new SmsCode(code, 60);
}
....
}
这里我们使用createSMSCode方法生成了一个6位的纯数字随机数,有效时间为60秒。然后通过SessionStrategy对象的setAttribute方法将短信验证码保存到了Session中,对应的key为SESSION_KEY_SMS_CODE。保存到session 是为了后期验证校验。
改造登录页
在登录页添加
<form class="login-page" action="/login/mobile" method="post">
<div class="form">
<h3>短信验证码登录</h3>
<input type="text" placeholder="手机号" name="mobile" value="17777777777" required="required"/>
<span style="display: inline">
<input type="text" name="smsCode" placeholder="短信验证码" style="width: 50%;"/>
<!--<a href="/code/sms?mobile=17777777777">发送验证码</a>-->
<button onclick="requestButton()" type="button">发送验证码</button>
</span>
<br/>
<button type="submit">登录</button>
</div>
</form>
<script>
function requestButton() {
alert("hello world")
$.get("/code/sms?mobile=17777777777");
}
</script>
效果如图所示:
image.png
添加短信验证码认证
在Spring Security中,使用用户名密码认证的过程大致如下图所示:
image.png
Spring Security使用UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter过滤器来拦截用户名密码认证请求,将用户名和密码封装成一个UsernamePasswordToken对象交给AuthenticationManager处理。
AuthenticationManager将挑出一个支持处理该类型Token的AuthenticationProvider(这里为DaoAuthenticationProvider,AuthenticationProvider的其中一个实现类)来进行认证,认证过程中DaoAuthenticationProvider将调用UserDetailService的loadUserByUsername方法来处理认证,如果认证通过(即UsernamePasswordToken中的用户名和密码相符)则返回一个UserDetails类型对象,并将认证信息保存到Session中,认证后我们便可以通过Authentication对象获取到认证的信息了。
由于Spring Security并没用提供短信验证码认证的流程,所以我们需要仿照上面这个流程来实现:
image.png在这个流程中,我们自定义了一个名为SmsAuthenticationFitler的过滤器来拦截短信验证码登录请求,并将手机号码封装到一个叫SmsAuthenticationToken的对象中。
在Spring Security中,认证处理都需要通过AuthenticationManager来代理,所以这里我们依旧将SmsAuthenticationToken交由AuthenticationManager处理。接着我们需要定义一个支持处理SmsAuthenticationToken对象的SmsAuthenticationProvider,SmsAuthenticationProvider调用UserDetailService的loadUserByUsername方法来处理认证。与用户名密码认证不一样的是,这里是通过SmsAuthenticationToken中的手机号去数据库中查询是否有与之对应的用户,如果有,则将该用户信息封装到UserDetails对象中返回并将认证后的信息保存到Authentication对象中。
为了实现这个流程,我们需要定义SmsAuthenticationFitler、SmsAuthenticationToken和SmsAuthenticationProvider,并将这些组建组合起来添加到Spring Security中。下面我们来逐步实现这个过程。
定义SmsAuthenticationToken
public class SmsAuthenticationToken extends AbstractAuthenticationToken {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 8151829567809593110L;
private final Object principal;
public SmsAuthenticationToken(String mobile) {
super(null);
this.principal = mobile;
super.setAuthenticated(false);
}
public SmsAuthenticationToken(Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities, Object principal) {
super(authorities);
this.principal = principal;
super.setAuthenticated(true);
}
@Override
public Object getCredentials() {
return null;
}
@Override
public Object getPrincipal() {
return this.principal;
}
}
SmsAuthenticationToken包含一个principal属性,从它的两个构造函数可以看出,在认证之前principal存的是手机号,认证之后存的是用户信息。
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken原来还包含一个credentials属性用于存放密码,这里不需要就去掉了。
定义SmsAuthenticationFilter
public class SmsAuthenticationFilter extends AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter {
private static final String MOBILE_KEY = "mobile";
private boolean postOnly = true;
public SmsAuthenticationFilter() {
super(new AntPathRequestMatcher("/login/mobile", "POST"));
}
@Override
public Authentication attemptAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws AuthenticationException, IOException, ServletException {
if (postOnly && !request.getMethod().equals("POST")) {
throw new AuthenticationServiceException("Authentication method not support: " + request.getMethod());
}
String mobile = request.getParameter(MOBILE_KEY);
if (mobile == null) {
mobile = "";
}
SmsAuthenticationToken authRequest = new SmsAuthenticationToken(mobile);
setDetails(request, authRequest);
return this.getAuthenticationManager().authenticate(authRequest);
}
protected void setDetails(HttpServletRequest request, SmsAuthenticationToken authRequest) {
authRequest.setDetails(authenticationDetailsSource.buildDetails(request));
}
}
构造函数中指定了当请求为/login/mobile,请求方法为POST的时候该过滤器生效。mobileParameter属性值为mobile,对应登录页面手机号输入框的name属性。attemptAuthentication方法从请求中获取到mobile参数值,并调用SmsAuthenticationToken的SmsAuthenticationToken(String mobile)构造方法创建了一个SmsAuthenticationToken。下一步就如流程图中所示的那样,SmsAuthenticationFilter将SmsAuthenticationToken交给AuthenticationManager处理。
定义SmsAuthenticationProvider
@Data
public class SmsAuthenticationProvider implements AuthenticationProvider {
private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;
@Override
public Authentication authenticate(Authentication authentication) throws AuthenticationException {
SmsAuthenticationToken smsAuthenticationToken = (SmsAuthenticationToken) authentication;
UserDetails userDetails = userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername((String) authentication.getPrincipal());
if (userDetails == null) {
throw new InternalAuthenticationServiceException("未找到与该手机对应的用户");
}
SmsAuthenticationToken authenticationResult = new SmsAuthenticationToken(userDetails.getAuthorities(), userDetails);
authenticationResult.setDetails(smsAuthenticationToken.getDetails());
return authenticationResult;
}
@Override
public boolean supports(Class<?> aClass) {
return SmsAuthenticationToken.class.isAssignableFrom(aClass);
}
}
其中supports方法指定了支持处理的Token类型为SmsAuthenticationToken,authenticate方法用于编写具体的身份认证逻辑。
在authenticate方法中,我们从SmsAuthenticationToken中取出了手机号信息,并调用了UserDetailService的loadUserByUsername方法。该方法在用户名密码类型的认证中,主要逻辑是通过用户名查询用户信息,如果存在该用户并且密码一致则认证成功;
而在短信验证码认证的过程中,该方法需要通过手机号去查询用户,如果存在该用户则认证通过。认证通过后接着调用SmsAuthenticationToken的SmsAuthenticationToken(Object principal, Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities)构造函数构造一个认证通过的Token,包含了用户信息和用户权限。
你可能会问,为什么这一步没有进行短信验证码的校验呢?实际上短信验证码的校验是在SmsAuthenticationFilter之前完成的,即只有当短信验证码正确以后才开始走认证的流程。所以接下来我们需要定一个过滤器来校验短信验证码的正确性。
定义SmsCodeFilter
@Component
public class SmsCodeFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
@Autowired
private AuthenticationFailureHandler authenticationFailureHandler;
private SessionStrategy sessionStrategy = new HttpSessionSessionStrategy();
@Override
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest,
HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException {
if (StringUtils.equalsIgnoreCase("/login/mobile", httpServletRequest.getRequestURI())
&& StringUtils.equalsIgnoreCase(httpServletRequest.getMethod(), "post")) {
try {
validateCode(new ServletWebRequest(httpServletRequest));
} catch (ValidateCodeException e) {
authenticationFailureHandler.onAuthenticationFailure(httpServletRequest, httpServletResponse, e);
return;
}
}
filterChain.doFilter(httpServletRequest, httpServletResponse);
}
private void validateCode(ServletWebRequest servletWebRequest) throws ServletRequestBindingException {
String smsCode = ServletRequestUtils.getStringParameter(servletWebRequest.getRequest(), "smsCode");
String mobile = ServletRequestUtils.getStringParameter(servletWebRequest.getRequest(), "mobile");
SmsCode codeInSession = (SmsCode) sessionStrategy.getAttribute(servletWebRequest, ValidateController.SESSION_KEY_SMS_CODE + mobile);
if (StringUtils.isBlank(smsCode)) {
throw new ValidateCodeException("验证码不能为空");
}
if (codeInSession == null) {
throw new ValidateCodeException("验证码不存在");
}
if (codeInSession.isExpire()) {
sessionStrategy.removeAttribute(servletWebRequest, ValidateController.SESSION_KEY_SMS_CODE + mobile);
throw new ValidateCodeException("验证码已经过期");
}
if (!StringUtils.equalsIgnoreCase(codeInSession.getCode(), smsCode)) {
throw new ValidateCodeException("验证码不正确");
}
sessionStrategy.removeAttribute(servletWebRequest, ValidateController.SESSION_KEY_SMS_CODE + mobile);
}
}
关联配置,配置生效
在定义完所需的组件后,我们需要进行一些配置,将这些组件组合起来形成一个和上面流程图对应的流程。创建一个配置类SmsAuthenticationConfig:
@Component
public class SmsAuthenticationConfig extends SecurityConfigurerAdapter<DefaultSecurityFilterChain, HttpSecurity> {
@Autowired
private AuthenticationFailureHandler authenticationFailureHandler;
@Autowired
private AuthenticationSuccessHandler authenticationSuccessHandler;
@Autowired
private UserDetailService userDetailService;
@Override
public void configure(HttpSecurity httpSecurity) throws Exception {
SmsAuthenticationFilter authenticationFilter = new SmsAuthenticationFilter();
authenticationFilter.setAuthenticationManager(httpSecurity.getSharedObject(AuthenticationManager.class));
authenticationFilter.setAuthenticationSuccessHandler(authenticationSuccessHandler);
authenticationFilter.setAuthenticationFailureHandler(authenticationFailureHandler);
SmsAuthenticationProvider smsAuthenticationProvider = new SmsAuthenticationProvider();
smsAuthenticationProvider.setUserDetailsService(userDetailService);
httpSecurity.authenticationProvider(smsAuthenticationProvider)
.addFilterAfter(authenticationFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
}
}
在流程中第一步需要配置SmsAuthenticationFilter,分别设置了AuthenticationManager、AuthenticationSuccessHandler和AuthenticationFailureHandler属性。这些属性都是来自SmsAuthenticationFilter继承的AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter类中。
第二步配置SmsAuthenticationProvider,这一步只需要将我们自个的UserDetailService注入进来即可。
最后调用HttpSecurity的authenticationProvider方法指定了AuthenticationProvider为SmsAuthenticationProvider,并将SmsAuthenticationFilter过滤器添加到了UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter后面。
到这里我们已经将短信验证码认证的各个组件组合起来了,最后一步需要做的是配置短信验证码校验过滤器,并且将短信验证码认证流程加入到Spring Security中。在SecurityConfig的configure方法中添加如下配置:
@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Autowired
private MyAuthenticationSuccessHandler authenticationSuccessHandler;
@Autowired
private MyAuthenticationFailureHandler authenticationFailureHandler;
@Autowired
private ValidateCodeFilter validateCodeFilter;
@Autowired
private SmsCodeFilter smsCodeFilter;
@Autowired
private SmsAuthenticationConfig smsAuthenticationConfig;
@Bean
public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.addFilterBefore(validateCodeFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class) // 添加验证码校验过滤器
.addFilterBefore(smsCodeFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class) // 添加短信验证码校验过滤器
.formLogin() // 表单登录
.loginPage("/login.html") // 登录跳转url
// .loginPage("/authentication/require")
.loginProcessingUrl("/login") // 处理表单登录url
.successHandler(authenticationSuccessHandler)
.failureHandler(authenticationFailureHandler)
.and()
.authorizeRequests() // 授权配置
.antMatchers("/login.html", "/css/**", "/authentication/require", "/code/image","/code/sms").permitAll() // 无需认证
.anyRequest() // 所有请求
.authenticated() // 都需要认证
.and().csrf().disable()
.apply(smsAuthenticationConfig); // 将短信验证码认证配置加到 Spring Security 中
}
}
测试
重启项目,访问http://localhost:9090/hello,跳转到登录页,点击发送验证码,控制台输出如下:
登录验证为:835177
输入验证码,登录成功,跳转到hello接口,返回如下
image.png
源码地址:https://github.com/lbshold/springboot/tree/master/Spring-Security-SmsCode