手撸一个springsecurity，了解一下security原

今天手撸一个简易版本的springsecurity，带大家理解下springsecurity的原理。转载自：www.javaman.cn 手撸一个springsecurity，了解一下security原理

安全框架的两个特点就是认证和授权，让我们来通过代码了解下认证和授权的处理方式：

1、认证

认证就是指需要登录才能进行系统操作，如：登录qq、微信或者是web系统的登录都是认证的过程

1.1 工程目录

1、工程目录结构

1.2 maven配置pom.xml如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.6.3</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.dashi</groupId>
    <artifactId>security</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>security</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>
                            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                        </exclude>
                    </excludes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

1.3 application.yml配置如下

spring:
  mvc:
    view:
      prefix: /
      suffix: .html

1.4 创建User，模拟springsecurity的用户信息的核心接口UserDetails

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public class User {
    private Integer id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
}

1.5 创建AuthenticationService，模拟springsecurity的UserDetailsService核心接口

public interface AuthenticationService {
    public User authentication(AuthenticationRequest authenticationRequest);
}

1.6 实现AuthenticationService，模拟实现UserDetailsService的过程

@Service
public class AuthenticationServiceImpl implements AuthenticationService {
    private Map<String,User> users =  new HashMap<String,User>();
    @Override
    public User authentication(AuthenticationRequest authenticationRequest) {
        if(authenticationRequest == null||"".equals(authenticationRequest.getUsername())||"".equals(authenticationRequest.getPassword())){
            throw new RuntimeException("用户名或密码为空");
        }
        User user = users.get(authenticationRequest.getUsername());
        if(user == null){
            throw new RuntimeException("用户不存在");
        }
        if(!user.getPassword().equals(authenticationRequest.getPassword())){
            throw new RuntimeException("密码不正确");
        }
        return user;  //模拟实现UserDetailS的User
    }

    public User getUser(String username){
        return users.get(username);
    }
    //创建两个账户，模拟管理员和普通的来宾用户
    {
        users.put("admin",new User(1,"admin","123"));  //管理员
        users.put("guest",new User(2,"guest","111"));  //来宾账户
    }
}

1.7 接收请求参数封装对象

@Data
public class AuthenticationRequest {
    private String username;
    private String password;
}

1.8 登录Controller，对/login请求处理，它调用AuthenticationService完成认证并返回登录结果提示信息

@Controller
public class LoginController {

    @Autowired
    private AuthenticationService authenticationService;

    @GetMapping("/login")
    public String login(){
        return "login";
    }

    @PostMapping(value = "/login",produces = {"text/plain;charset=UTF-8"})
    public String login(AuthenticationRequest authenticationRequest, Model model){
        System.out.println("111"+authenticationRequest);
        User user = authenticationService.authentication(authenticationRequest);
        String loginMsg = user.getUsername()+"登录成功";
        System.out.println(loginMsg);
        model.addAttribute("loginMsg",loginMsg);
        return "loginsuccess";
    }
}

1.9 认证页面

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
    <title>登录</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/login" method="post">
    用户名：<input type="text" name="username"><br>
    密码：<input type="password" name="password"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="登录1">
</form>
</body>
</html>

1.10 认证成功后打印登录成功页面

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1 th:text="${loginMsg}"></h1>
</body>
</html>

1.11 测试具体页面
1）登录界面如下：

登录界面

2）密码错误界面

密码错误界面
3）登录成功界面
[图片上传失败...(image-edbb8-1645617445308)]

2、授权

授权就是控制什么样的用户或者角色访问什么功能，例如：管理员可以访问全部功能，guest普通用户只能访问某一个菜单或者功能

2.1 User增加权限authorities和session

package com.dashi.security.model;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;

import java.util.Set;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public class User {
    private Integer id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    //登录用户,增加登录用户session
    public static final String LOGIN_USER = "user";
    /**
     * 用户权限
     */
    private Set<String> authorities;
}

2.2 用户增加角色authorities

import com.dashi.security.model.AuthenticationRequest;
import com.dashi.security.model.User;
import com.dashi.security.service.AuthenticationService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

@Service
public class AuthenticationServiceImpl implements AuthenticationService {
    private Map<String,User> users =  new HashMap<String,User>();
    @Override
    public User authentication(AuthenticationRequest authenticationRequest) {
        if(authenticationRequest == null||"".equals(authenticationRequest.getUsername())||"".equals(authenticationRequest.getPassword())){
            throw new RuntimeException("用户名或密码为空");
        }
        User user = users.get(authenticationRequest.getUsername());
        if(user == null){
            throw new RuntimeException("用户不存在");
        }
        if(!user.getPassword().equals(authenticationRequest.getPassword())){
            throw new RuntimeException("密码不正确");
        }
        return user;
    }

    public User getUser(String username){
        return users.get(username);
    }

    {
        //增加管理员权限
        Set<String> authorities1 = new HashSet<>();
        authorities1.add("admin");
        //增加来宾权限
        Set<String> authorities2 = new HashSet<>();
        authorities2.add("guest");
        users.put("admin",new User(1,"admin","123",authorities1));
        users.put("guest",new User(2,"guest","111",authorities2));
    }
}

2.3登录成功后，将用户放到session中

import com.dashi.security.model.AuthenticationRequest;
import com.dashi.security.model.User;
import com.dashi.security.service.AuthenticationService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

@Controller
public class LoginController {

    @Autowired
    private AuthenticationService authenticationService;

    @GetMapping("/login")
    public String login(){
        return "login";
    }

    @PostMapping(value = "/login",produces = {"text/plain;charset=UTF-8"})
    public String login(AuthenticationRequest authenticationRequest, Model model, HttpSession session){
        System.out.println("111"+authenticationRequest);
        User user = authenticationService.authentication(authenticationRequest);
        session.setAttribute(User.LOGIN_USER,user);
        String loginMsg = user.getUsername()+"登录成功";
        System.out.println(loginMsg);
        model.addAttribute("loginMsg",loginMsg);
        return "loginsuccess";
    }
}

2.4 增加Springboot拦截器配置，判断是admin用户，可以访问所有资源resource1和resource2，如果是guest用户只允许访问resource2资源

import com.dashi.security.model.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

@Component
public class MyAuthenInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        Object object = request.getSession().getAttribute(User.LOGIN_USER);
        System.out.println("object = " + object);
        if(object == null){
            writeContent(response,"请登录");
        }
        //获取请求的url
        String requestURI = request.getRequestURI();
        User user = (User)object;
        if(user.getAuthorities().contains("admin") && requestURI.contains("/resource1") || requestURI.contains("/resource2")){
            writeContent(response,user.getUsername()+"访问："+requestURI+"访问成功!");
            return true;
        }
        if(user.getAuthorities().contains("guest") && requestURI.contains("/resource2")){
            writeContent(response,user.getUsername()+"访问："+requestURI+"访问成功!");
            return true;
        }
        writeContent(response,"权限不足!");
        return false;
    }

    private void writeContent(HttpServletResponse response,String msg) throws IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        PrintWriter printWriter = response.getWriter();
        printWriter.write(msg);
        printWriter.close();
        response.resetBuffer();
    }
}

2.5 创造拦截器进行请求拦截，拦截/resource/**请求

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;

@Configuration
public class LoginConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
    @Autowired
    private MyAuthenInterceptor myAuthenInterceptor;

    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry){
        registry.addInterceptor(myAuthenInterceptor).addPathPatterns("/resource/**");
    }
}

2.7 授权测试界面如下：

• 登录成功后设置resource1和resource2访问功能

  
  访问权限控制

• admin用户访问资源1和资源2
  [图片上传失败...(image-f024cb-1645617536307)]
  [图片上传失败...(image-c860a0-1645617536307)]

• guest用户只能访问资源2，不能访问资源1
  [图片上传失败...(image-73cf52-1645617536307)]
  [图片上传失败...(image-49d3ab-1645617536307)]

2.8 对比springsecurity的认证和授权

1、 认证功能：
loginPage("/login.html")即为认证
2、 授权功能：
.antMatchers("/resource/resource1").hasAuthority("admin")
.antMatchers("/resource/resource2").hasAuthority("admin")
.antMatchers("/resource/resource2").hasAuthority("guest")

  @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
            //以下五步是表单登录进行身份认证最简单的登录环境
            http.formLogin() //表单登陆
                .loginPage("/login.html") //指定登陆页面
                .loginProcessingUrl("/authentication/form")//登陆页面提交的页面 开始使用UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter过滤器处理请求
                .and() //
                .authorizeRequests() //下面的都是授权的配置                                                   
                .antMatchers("/resource/resource1").hasAuthority("admin")                                 
                .antMatchers("/resource/resource2").hasAuthority("admin")                                           .antMatchers("/resource/resource2").hasAuthority("guest")    
                .and()
                .csrf().disable();//关闭跨站请求伪造攻击拦截