WRF微物理过程

原贴
我们都知道在转WRF模式的过程中，最重要的步骤就是设置namelist.input里面的参数啦
其中最重要且变量最多的也就是physics这一块了
【WRF3.9以及之后的版本，新加入了physics_suite这一块，你可以理解为一个经验总结的配置好了的物理参数“套餐”
现有的两种 physics_suite= CONUS 的配置如下：
Microphysics: Thompson mp_physics= 8
Cumulus: Tiedtke cu_physics= 6
Longwave radiation: RRTMG ra_sw_physics= 4
Shortwave radiation: RRTMG ra_la_physics= 4
Boundary layer: MYJ bl_pbl_physics= 2
Surface layer: MYJ sf_sfclay_physics= 2
Land surface: Noah LSM sf_surface_physics= 2

还有 physics_suite = TROPICAL 配置如下：
Microphysics: WRF Single-moment 6-class(WSM6) mp_physics: 6,
Cumulus: New Tiedtke cu_physics: 16,
Longwave radiation: RRTMG ra_lw_physics: 4,
Shortwave radiation: RRTMG ra_sw_physics: 4,
Boundary layer: YSU bl_pbl_physics: 1,
Surface layer: MM5 sf_sfclay_physics: 91,
Land surface: Noah LSM sf_surface_physics: 2,
】
当然我们为了模拟出自己满意的效果，通常不会用到“套餐”
所以可以将physics_suite = __ 这一行删掉，然后继续开始我们的表演~

Micro Physics Options (mp_physics)
mp_physics (max_dom)
0 (default) no microphysics
1 Kessler scheme
2 Lin et al. scheme
3 WSM 3-class simple ice scheme
4 WSM 5-class scheme
5 Ferrier (new Eta) microphysics, operational High-Resolution Window
6 WSM 6-class graupel scheme
7 Goddard GCE scheme (also uses gsfcgce_hail and gsfcgce_2ice)
8 Thompson graupel scheme (2-moment scheme in V3.1)
9 Milbrandt-Yau 2-moment scheme
10 Morrison 2-moment scheme
11 CAM 5.1 5-class scheme
13 SBU_YLin, 5-class scheme
14 WRF double moment, 5-class scheme
15 High-resolution Ferrier microphysics, with advection
16 WRF double moment, 6-class scheme
17 NSSL 2-moment 4-ice scheme (steady background CCN)
18 NSSL 2-moment 4-ice scheme with predicted CCN (better for idealized than real cases); to set a global CCN value, use nssl_cccn = 0.7e9 (CCN for NSSL scheme 18). Also sets same value to ccn_conc for mp_physics = 18.
19 NSSL 1-moment, 6-class scheme
21 NSSL-LFO 1-moment, 6-class; very similar to Gilmore et al. 2004; can set intercepts and particle densities in physics namelist, e.g., nssl_cnor for NSSL 1-moment schemes, intercept and particle densities can be set for snow, graupel, hail, and rain. For the 1- and 2-moment schemes, the shape parameters for graupel and hail can be set. See /WRFV3/run/README.namelist file for specifics
22 NSSL 2-moment 3-ice scheme, no hail.
28 aerosol-aware Thompson scheme with water- and ice-friendly aerosol climatology (new for V3.6); this option has 2 climatological aerosol input options: use_aero_icbs = .F. (use constant values), and use_aero_icbc = .T. (use input from WPS)
30 HUJI (Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel) spectral bin microphysics, fast version
32 HUJI spectral bin microphysics, full version
95 Ferrier (old Eta), operational NAM (WRF NMM)
98 Thompson scheme in V3.0
Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) Physics Options (bl_pbl_physics)
bl_pbl_physics (max_dom) boundary layer option
0 (default) no boundary-layer
1 YSU scheme; use sf_sfclay_physics =1
2 Mellor-Yamada-Janjic (Eta) TKE scheme; use sf_sfclay_physics=2
3 NCEP GFS scheme (NMM only); use sf_sfclay_physics=3
4 QNSE-EDMF; use sf_sfclay_physics=4
5 MYNN 2.5 level TKE; use sf_sfclay_physics=1, 2, or 5
6 MYNN 3rd level TKE; use sf_sfclay_physics=5
7 ACM2 (Pleim) scheme (ARW only); use sf_sfclay_physics=1 or 7
8 Bougeault and Lacarrere (BouLac) TKE; use sf_sfclay_physics=1 or 2
9 Bretherton-Park/UW TKE scheme; use sf_sfclay_physics=1 or 2
10 TEMF scheme (ARW only); use sf_sfclay_physics=10
11 Shin-Hong 'scale-aware' PBL scheme
12 GBM TKE-type scheme (ARW only); use sf_sfclay_physics=1
99 MRF scheme (to be removed in the future)

Cumulus Parameterization Options (cu_physics)
cu_physics (max_dom) cumulus parameterization option
0 (default) no cumulus parameterization
1 Kain-Fritsch (new Eta) scheme
2 Betts-Miller-Janjic scheme
3 Grell-Freitas ensemble scheme
4 Old GFS Simplified Arakawa-Schubert (SAS)
5 New Grell scheme (G3)
6 Tiedtke scheme (ARW only)
7 Zhang-McFarlane from CESM (works with MYJ and UW PBL)
10 Modified Kain-Fritsch scheme with trigger function based on PDFs (ARW-only)
11 Multi-scale Kain-Fritsch scheme
14 New GFS SAS from YSU (ARW only)
16 A newer Tiedke scheme
84 New SAS (HWRF)
93 Grell-Devenyi ensemble scheme
99 previous Kain-Fritsch scheme

Surface Layer Options (sf_sfclay_physics)
sf_sfclay_physics (max_dom) surface layer option
0 (default) no surface-layer
1 Revised MM5 Monin-Obukhov scheme (Jimenez, renamed in v3.6)
2 Monin-Obukhov (Janjic Eta) scheme
3 NCEP GFS scheme (NMM only)
4 QNSE
5 MYNN
7 Pleim-Xiu (ARW only), only tested with Pleim-Xiu surface and ACM2 PBL
10 TEMF (ARW only)
91 old MM5 surface layer scheme (previously option 1)

Shortwave (ra_sw_physics) and Longwave (ra_lw_physics) Options
ra_sw_physics (max_dom)
0 (default) no shortwave radiation
1 Dudhia scheme (ptop > 50 mb)
2 (old) Goddard shortwave scheme
3 CAM scheme (restart must be at 6-hourly interval); must set levsiz, paerlev, cam_abs_dim1/2
4 rrtmg scheme
24 fast rrtmg scheme for GPU and MIC
5 Goddard scheme
7 FLG (UCLA) scheme
99 GFDL (Eta) longwave (semi-supported); must use co2tf = 1 for ARW

ra_lw_physics (max_dom)
0 (default) no longwave radiation
1 rrtm scheme(Default values for GHG in V3.5: co2vmr=379.e-6, n2ovmr=319.e-9, ch4vmr=1774.e-9; Values used in previous versions: co2vmr=330.e-6, n2ovmr=0., ch4vmr=0.)
3 CAM scheme *Note: restart must be at 6-hourly interval; also requires levsiz, paerlev, cam_abs_dim1(2); see below
4 rrtmg scheme(Default values for GHG in V3.5: co2vmr=379.e-6, n2ovmr=319.e-9, ch4vmr=1774.e-9)
24 fast rrtmg scheme for GPU and MIC
5 Goddard scheme
7 FLG (UCLA) scheme
31 Earth Held-Suarez forcing
99 GFDL (Eta) longwave (semi-supported); also must use co2tf = 1 for ARW

Land Surface Options (sf_surface_physics)
sf_surface_physics (max_dom) land-surface option (make sure num_soil_layers is set correctly)
0 (default) no surface temp prediction
1 thermal diffusion scheme
2 unified Noah land-surface model
3 RUC land-surface model(new since V3.4)
4 Noah-MP land-surface model (additional options under the &noah_mp section)
5 CLM4 (Community Land Model Version 4)
7 Pleim-Xiu scheme (ARW only)(new since V3.4)
8 SSiB land-surface model (ARW only). Works with ra_lw_physics = 1, 3, or 4, and ra_sw_physics = 1, 3, or 4

Urban Surface Options (sf_urban_physics)
sf_urban_physics activate urban canopy model (in Noah LSM only)
0 (default) off
1 Single-layer, UCM
2 Multi-layer, Building Environment Parameterization (BEP) scheme (works only with the MYJ and BouLac PBL)
3 Multi-layer, Building Environment Model (BEM) scheme (works only with MYJ and BouLac PBL)

如果想了解更多：参数的出处文献及详细算法，见此链接 http://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/users/phys_references.html#LS

WRF官方有一个关于物理参数用量的统计，也可以作为参考，见此链接 http://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/users/wrf_physics_survey.pdf

还有最最详细的官方说明见此链接 http://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/users/docs/user_guide_V3/users_guide_chap5.htm#_Description_of_Namelist

另外，附件中还贴出了一个Dudhia整理的WRF physics options的PPT，是我觉得非常实用的参考文件。里面非常精辟的描述了每个参数不同的适用条件，还有他自己总结出来的参数调试过程中需要注意的经验，是很有用处的一个PPT，大家可以自行下载。