中考易混淆词汇辨析（五）

1. can(could)与be able to的区别：

(1)在表示能力时，can(could)与be able to可以互换；

(2)表示已经“设法或成功做了某事”时，只能用be able to；

  (3)beable to能单独作谓语；但can不能单独作谓语。

e.g. She can (is able to) speak French.

        He could (was able to) read novels when hewas four years old.

        He was able to pass his examination as a result of his hard work.

2. like to do sth.与like doing sth.的区别：

(1)都表示“喜欢做某事”，但动名词所表示的动作，在意义上比较一般和抽象，时间观念不强，不指某一次动作；

(2)后者则表示某个具体的动作。

e.g. She likes swimming. (经常性动作)

      She likes to swim this afternoon. (特指某一次动作)

3. help sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事

    help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事

    with the help of= with one’s help在……的帮助下

e.g. Can you help me with my homework?

        He often helps me do housework.

        I pass the final examination with the help of her.

4. say, speak, tell与talk的区别:

(1)say一般作及物动词用，着重说话的内容，它的宾语可以是名词，代词，宾语从句;

e.g. He can say his name.

      Please say it in English.

      She is saying you don’t draw on the wall.

(2) speak强调说的动作，不强调所说的内容，作及物动词时，常与某种语言作宾语，作不及物动词时，常见的搭配形式有speak of sth. /sb.（谈到某事或某人），speak to sb.（和某人讲话），还可用于比较正式的场合表示演讲或演说;

e.g. Can you speak Japanese?

      She is speaking to his teacher.

      He spoke at the meeting yesterday.

(3) talk 一般为不及物动词，意为“交谈，谈话”，着重强调两者之间的相互说话;

e.g. She is talking with Lucy in English.

      What are you talking about?

      The teacher is talking to him.

  (4) tell常作及物动词，意为“讲述，告诉”，后接双宾语，tell sb. sth.或者tell sth. to sb.

e.g. He is telling children a story.

      My mother likes telling stories.

5. be good at/be good to/be good with/be good for的区分：

(1)be good at意为“擅长于”，通常指在“技能，技巧，学科”等方面擅长；相当于do well in;

(2)be good with意为“好，灵巧的，与……相处得好”，宾语一般为人相当于get on /along with;

(3)be good to意为“对……友好”；相当于be friendly to;

(4)be good for意为“对……有好处”。

e.g. I’m good at playing chess.

      She is good with her hands.

      He is good with the children.

      My friend is good to me when I’m ill.

      Eating more vegetables is good for your health.