设计模式-创建者（Builder）模式

主要角色

• 具体创建者

职责

解决对象创建步骤多的问题

类图

代码

public class CourseActualBuilder extends CourseBuilder {

    private Course course = new Course();


    @Override
    public void buildCourseName(String courseName) {
        course.setCourseName(courseName);
    }

    @Override
    public void buildCoursePPT(String coursePPT) {
        course.setCoursePPT(coursePPT);
    }

    @Override
    public void buildCourseVideo(String courseVideo) {
        course.setCourseVideo(courseVideo);
    }

    @Override
    public void buildCourseArticle(String courseArticle) {
        course.setCourseArticle(courseArticle);
    }

    @Override
    public void buildCourseQA(String courseQA) {
        course.setCourseQA(courseQA);
    }

    @Override
    public Course makeCourse() {
        return course;
    }
}
---
public class Course {

    private String courseName;
    private String coursePPT;
    private String courseVideo;
    private String courseArticle;

    //question & answer
    private String courseQA;

    public Course(CourseBuilder courseBuilder) {
        this.courseName = courseBuilder.courseName;
        this.coursePPT = courseBuilder.coursePPT;
        this.courseVideo = courseBuilder.courseVideo;
        this.courseArticle = courseBuilder.courseArticle;
        this.courseQA = courseBuilder.courseQA;
    }


    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Course{" +
                "courseName='" + courseName + '\'' +
                ", coursePPT='" + coursePPT + '\'' +
                ", courseVideo='" + courseVideo + '\'' +
                ", courseArticle='" + courseArticle + '\'' +
                ", courseQA='" + courseQA + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    public static class CourseBuilder{
        private String courseName;
        private String coursePPT;
        private String courseVideo;
        private String courseArticle;

        //question & answer
        private String courseQA;

        public CourseBuilder buildCourseName(String courseName){
            this.courseName = courseName;
            return this;
        }


        public CourseBuilder buildCoursePPT(String coursePPT) {
            this.coursePPT = coursePPT;
            return this;
        }

        public CourseBuilder buildCourseVideo(String courseVideo) {
            this.courseVideo = courseVideo;
            return this;
        }

        public CourseBuilder buildCourseArticle(String courseArticle) {
            this.courseArticle = courseArticle;
            return this;
        }

        public CourseBuilder buildCourseQA(String courseQA) {
            this.courseQA = courseQA;
            return this;
        }

        public Course build(){
            return new Course(this);
        }



    }
}

使用

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Course course = new Course.CourseBuilder().buildCourseName("Java设计模式精讲").buildCoursePPT("Java设计模式精讲PPT").buildCourseVideo("Java设计模式精讲视频").build();
        System.out.println(course);

        Set<String> set = ImmutableSet.<String>builder().add("a").add("b").build();

        System.out.println(set);
    }
}

技巧

• 建造者模式和模板方法很像。都是定义好执行的步骤，然后一次执行。不同的是建造者是对象创建的步骤是固定的，模板方法不是。
• 代码中没有监工的部分，监工就是将 Test 方法中调用 CourseBuilder 的一系列方法再次封装起来。监控就是控制具体的建造者创建的入口。