从壹开始前后端分离 [.netCore 不定期更新 ] 三十五║
缘起
哈喽我是不定期更新的日常,昨天群里小伙伴问到了记录日志,当然,以前我也挖过这个坑,后来一直没有来得及填上,也想着 swagger 一直又有错误信息展示的功能,就迟迟没有添加这个功能,不过昨天夜里想了想,还是需要增加上,旨在提高框架的高效性。不定期日常就直接上代码了,我有一个小想法,就是希望大家有好的想法,可以给我说,我会整理下,添加到框架里,并在文章头里写上
投稿作者:这里重点说明下,是参考群里小伙伴 Hello World! 的相关内容,并在他的基础上更新,添加了注入和全局,大家可以看看他的文章,支持开源,棒棒哒。
废话不多,直接来看,最终的效果是这样的:
image更新:
目前是在 .net core api 中可以捕获,至于 mvc 的view视图中的错误是否可以,热心观众可以试试,感激不尽
一、添加日志接口类
在 Blog.core 下的 Log 文件夹内,新建 ILoggerHelper.cs
namespace Blog.Core.Log
{ /// <summary>
/// 日志接口 /// </summary>
public interface ILoggerHelper
{ /// <summary>
/// 调试信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
void Debug(object source, string message); /// <summary>
/// 调试信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
/// <param name="ps">ps</param>
void Debug(object source, string message, params object[] ps); /// <summary>
/// 调试信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
void Debug(Type source, string message); /// <summary>
/// 关键信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
void Info(object source, object message); /// <summary>
/// 关键信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
void Info(Type source, object message); /// <summary>
/// 警告信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
void Warn(object source, object message); /// <summary>
/// 警告信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
void Warn(Type source, object message); /// <summary>
/// 错误信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
void Error(object source, object message); /// <summary>
/// 错误信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
void Error(Type source, object message); /// <summary>
/// 失败信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
void Fatal(object source, object message); /// <summary>
/// 失败信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
void Fatal(Type source, object message); /* Log a message object and exception */
/// <summary>
/// 调试信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
/// <param name="exception">ex</param>
void Debug(object source, object message, Exception exception); /// <summary>
/// 调试信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
/// <param name="exception">ex</param>
void Debug(Type source, object message, Exception exception); /// <summary>
/// 关键信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
/// <param name="exception">ex</param>
void Info(object source, object message, Exception exception); /// <summary>
/// 关键信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
/// <param name="exception">ex</param>
void Info(Type source, object message, Exception exception); /// <summary>
/// 警告信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
/// <param name="exception">ex</param>
void Warn(object source, object message, Exception exception); /// <summary>
/// 警告信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
/// <param name="exception">ex</param>
void Warn(Type source, object message, Exception exception); /// <summary>
/// 错误信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
/// <param name="exception">ex</param>
void Error(object source, object message, Exception exception); /// <summary>
/// 错误信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
/// <param name="exception">ex</param>
void Error(Type source, object message, Exception exception); /// <summary>
/// 失败信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
/// <param name="exception">ex</param>
void Fatal(object source, object message, Exception exception); /// <summary>
/// 失败信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
/// <param name="exception">ex</param>
void Fatal(Type source, object message, Exception exception);
}
}
二、实现日志帮助类,引入 log4net
1、在 Log 文件夹下新建 LogHelper.cs
namespace Blog.Core.Log
{ /// <summary>
/// 日志帮助实现类
/// </summary>
public class LogHelper : ILoggerHelper
{ private readonly ConcurrentDictionary<Type, ILog> Loggers = new ConcurrentDictionary<Type, ILog>(); /// <summary>
/// 获取记录器 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">soruce</param>
/// <returns></returns>
private ILog GetLogger(Type source)
{ if (Loggers.ContainsKey(source))
{ return Loggers[source];
} else {
ILog logger = LogManager.GetLogger(Startup.repository.Name, source);
Loggers.TryAdd(source, logger); return logger;
}
} /* Log a message object */
/// <summary>
/// 调试信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
public void Debug(object source, string message)
{
Debug(source.GetType(), message);
} /// <summary>
/// 调试信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
/// <param name="ps">ps</param>
public void Debug(object source, string message, params object[] ps)
{
Debug(source.GetType(), string.Format(message, ps));
} /// <summary>
/// 调试信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
public void Debug(Type source, string message)
{
ILog logger = GetLogger(source); if (logger.IsDebugEnabled)
{
logger.Debug(message);
}
} /// <summary>
/// 关键信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
public void Info(object source, object message)
{
Info(source.GetType(), message);
} /// <summary>
/// 关键信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
public void Info(Type source, object message)
{
ILog logger = GetLogger(source); if (logger.IsInfoEnabled)
{
logger.Info(message);
}
} /// <summary>
/// 警告信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
public void Warn(object source, object message)
{
Warn(source.GetType(), message);
} /// <summary>
/// 警告信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
public void Warn(Type source, object message)
{
ILog logger = GetLogger(source); if (logger.IsWarnEnabled)
{
logger.Warn(message);
}
} /// <summary>
/// 错误信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
public void Error(object source, object message)
{
Error(source.GetType(), message);
} /// <summary>
/// 错误信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
public void Error(Type source, object message)
{
ILog logger = GetLogger(source); if (logger.IsErrorEnabled)
{
logger.Error(message);
}
} /// <summary>
/// 失败信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
public void Fatal(object source, object message)
{
Fatal(source.GetType(), message);
} /// <summary>
/// 失败信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
public void Fatal(Type source, object message)
{
ILog logger = GetLogger(source); if (logger.IsFatalEnabled)
{
logger.Fatal(message);
}
} /* Log a message object and exception */
/// <summary>
/// 调试信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
/// <param name="exception">ex</param>
public void Debug(object source, object message, Exception exception)
{
Debug(source.GetType(), message, exception);
} /// <summary>
/// 调试信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
/// <param name="exception">ex</param>
public void Debug(Type source, object message, Exception exception)
{
GetLogger(source).Debug(message, exception);
} /// <summary>
/// 关键信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
/// <param name="exception">ex</param>
public void Info(object source, object message, Exception exception)
{
Info(source.GetType(), message, exception);
} /// <summary>
/// 关键信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
/// <param name="exception">ex</param>
public void Info(Type source, object message, Exception exception)
{
GetLogger(source).Info(message, exception);
} /// <summary>
/// 警告信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
/// <param name="exception">ex</param>
public void Warn(object source, object message, Exception exception)
{
Warn(source.GetType(), message, exception);
} /// <summary>
/// 警告信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
/// <param name="exception">ex</param>
public void Warn(Type source, object message, Exception exception)
{
GetLogger(source).Warn(message, exception);
} /// <summary>
/// 错误信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
/// <param name="exception">ex</param>
public void Error(object source, object message, Exception exception)
{
Error(source.GetType(), message, exception);
} /// <summary>
/// 错误信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
/// <param name="exception">ex</param>
public void Error(Type source, object message, Exception exception)
{
GetLogger(source).Error(message, exception);
} /// <summary>
/// 失败信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
/// <param name="exception">ex</param>
public void Fatal(object source, object message, Exception exception)
{
Fatal(source.GetType(), message, exception);
} /// <summary>
/// 失败信息 /// </summary>
/// <param name="source">source</param>
/// <param name="message">message</param>
/// <param name="exception">ex</param>
public void Fatal(Type source, object message, Exception exception)
{
GetLogger(source).Fatal(message, exception);
}
}
}
2、引用 nuget 包
image这个时候,你会发现还有一个错误 , 不过别慌,请往下看。
image三、配置 LogManger 自启动
1、在启动文件中添加 Loger 日志仓库
这个具体深入的概念,我还在研究中,有时间补充下,这里大概了解用法以及概念,留一个坑
/// <summary>
/// log4net 仓储库 /// </summary>
public static ILoggerRepository repository { get; set; }
Repository可以说成基于一个log4net配置节创建的log4net容器,它根据log4net配置节的指示创建其他所有对象(Logger/Appender/Filter/Layout等等)并保有他们的实例,随时为你所用。
每个Repository都有自己唯一的名字,如 root。
一般而言一个AppDomain(或者说一个进程)有一个Repository,该AppDomain下所有程序集Assembly都可以使用这个Repository。Repository需要实现ILoggerRepository,log4net中log4net.Repository.Hierarchy.Hierarchy就通过继承LoggerRepositorySkeleton实现了ILoggerRepository,它也是log4net中唯一实现ILoggerRepository的类。
2、在 Startup.cs 启动文件的 构造函数中,添加日志启动
//log4net
repository = LogManager.CreateRepository("");//需要获取日志的仓库名,也就是你的当然项目名 //指定配置文件
XmlConfigurator.Configure(repository, new FileInfo("log4net.config"));//配置文件
3、配置 log4net.config 文件
在 Blog.core 根目录下,添加 Log4net.config
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
<configSections>
<section name="log4net" type="log4net.Config.Log4NetConfigurationSectionHandler, log4net"/>
</configSections>
<log4net>
<!-- 将日志以回滚文件的形式写到文件中 -->
<!-- 按日期切分日志文件,并将日期作为日志文件的名字 -->
<appender name="RollingFileAppenderNameByDate" type="log4net.Appender.RollingFileAppender">
<!-- 日志文件存放位置,可以为绝对路径也可以为相对路径 -->
<file value="C:\Logs\" />
<!-- 将日志信息追加到已有的日志文件中-->
<appendToFile value="true" />
<!-- 最小锁定模式,以允许多个进程可以写入同一个文件 -->
<lockingModel type="log4net.Appender.FileAppender+MinimalLock" />
<!-- 指定按日期切分日志文件 -->
<rollingStyle value="Date" />
<!-- 日志文件的命名规则 -->
<datePattern value=""UtilLogs_"yyyyMMdd".log"" />
<!-- 当将日期作为日志文件的名字时,必须将staticLogFileName的值设置为false -->
<staticLogFileName value="false" />
<!-- 日志显示模板 -->
<layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
<conversionPattern value="【异常时间】:%date %newline%message%newline--------------------------------------------------------------------%newline" />
</layout>
</appender>
<root>
<!-- 控制级别,由低到高:ALL|DEBUG|INFO|WARN|ERROR|FATAL|OFF -->
<!-- 比如定义级别为INFO,则INFO级别向下的级别,比如DEBUG日志将不会被记录 -->
<!-- 如果没有定义LEVEL的值,则缺省为DEBUG -->
<level value="ALL" />
<!-- 按日期切分日志文件,并将日期作为日志文件的名字 -->
<appender-ref ref="RollingFileAppenderNameByDate" />
</root>
</log4net>
</configuration>
最终的结构是
image这个时候,我们已经把日志添加好了,可以在任何需用用的地方去使用了,你会问了,不是全局么,总不能每个方法都写 try catch 吧,有想法,请往下看。
四、定义全局异常过滤器
提醒下:
1、下边的全局处理中,:IExceptionFilter只能抓取Action执行过程中出现的未处理的异常。如果想捕获view中的异常需要在startup中的Configure中 实现app.UseExceptionHandler();
1、日志接口进行注入
在 启动文件的 ConfigureServices方法中,添加服务注入
//log日志注入
services.AddSingleton<ILoggerHelper, LogHelper>();
2、Blog.core 新建Filter 文件夹,添加 GlobalExceptionFilter.cs
namespace Blog.Core.Filter
{ /// <summary>
/// 全局异常错误日志 /// </summary>
public class GlobalExceptionsFilter : IExceptionFilter
{ private readonly IHostingEnvironment _env; private readonly ILoggerHelper _loggerHelper; public GlobalExceptionsFilter(IHostingEnvironment env, ILoggerHelper loggerHelper)
{
_env = env;
_loggerHelper = loggerHelper;
} public void OnException(ExceptionContext context)
{ var json = new JsonErrorResponse();
json.Message = context.Exception.Message;//错误信息
if (_env.IsDevelopment())
{
json.DevelopmentMessage = context.Exception.StackTrace;//堆栈信息
}
context.Result = new InternalServerErrorObjectResult(json); //采用log4net 进行错误日志记录
_loggerHelper.Error(json.Message, WriteLog(json.Message, context.Exception));
} /// <summary>
/// 自定义返回格式 /// </summary>
/// <param name="throwMsg"></param>
/// <param name="ex"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string WriteLog(string throwMsg, Exception ex)
{ return string.Format("【自定义错误】:{0} \r\n【异常类型】:{1} \r\n【异常信息】:{2} \r\n【堆栈调用】:{3}", new object[] { throwMsg,
ex.GetType().Name, ex.Message, ex.StackTrace });
}
} public class InternalServerErrorObjectResult : ObjectResult
{ public InternalServerErrorObjectResult(object value) : base(value)
{
StatusCode = StatusCodes.Status500InternalServerError;
}
} //返回错误信息
public class JsonErrorResponse
{ /// <summary>
/// 生产环境的消息 /// </summary>
public string Message { get; set; } /// <summary>
/// 开发环境的消息 /// </summary>
public string DevelopmentMessage { get; set; }
}
}
3、在启动服务中,注入全局异常
//注入全局异常捕获
services.AddMvc(o => {
o.Filters.Add(typeof(GlobalExceptionsFilter));
}).SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_1);
结构是这样的
image4、自定义错误进行测试
我故意写错数据库连接字符串,看看 swagger 如何报错
image看看日志是如何记录的
image五、结语
今天是不定期更新系列,也是群里小伙伴提出来的想法,我自己简单搞搞,这里希望大家可以积极提意见哟,如果技术不错,我会把你的个人主页和Git放到文章中,也算是鼓励大家的一个方式了。