（转载）彻底了解android中的内部存储与外部存储

今天在做项目的时候，突然对内部存储和外部存储、如何获取它们的路径、判断SD卡是否可用、可用能用内存大小的获取有点不太了解，在上网看了一下文件，发现一篇文章很不错，故记录下来，为以后自己方便复习。
文章地址是：http://www.cnblogs.com/jingmo0319/p/5586559.html

下面我主要记录一下SD卡的工具类（代码来源于上面博客）

public class SDCardHelper {

    // 判断SD卡是否被挂载
    public static boolean isSDCardMounted() {
        // return Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals("mounted");
        return Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(
                Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED);
    }

    // 获取SD卡的根目录
    public static String getSDCardBaseDir() {
        if (isSDCardMounted()) {
            return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath();
        }
        return null;
    }

    // 获取SD卡的完整空间大小，返回MB
    public static long getSDCardSize() {
        if (isSDCardMounted()) {
            StatFs fs = new StatFs(getSDCardBaseDir());
            long count = fs.getBlockCountLong();
            long size = fs.getBlockSizeLong();
            return count * size / 1024 / 1024;
        }
        return 0;
    }

    // 获取SD卡的剩余空间大小
    public static long getSDCardFreeSize() {
        if (isSDCardMounted()) {
            StatFs fs = new StatFs(getSDCardBaseDir());
            long count = fs.getFreeBlocksLong();
            long size = fs.getBlockSizeLong();
            return count * size / 1024 / 1024;
        }
        return 0;
    }

    // 获取SD卡的可用空间大小
    public static long getSDCardAvailableSize() {
        if (isSDCardMounted()) {
            StatFs fs = new StatFs(getSDCardBaseDir());
            long count = fs.getAvailableBlocksLong();
            long size = fs.getBlockSizeLong();
            return count * size / 1024 / 1024;
        }
        return 0;
    }

    // 往SD卡的公有目录下保存文件
    public static boolean saveFileToSDCardPublicDir(byte[] data, String type,
            String fileName) {
        BufferedOutputStream bos = null;
        if (isSDCardMounted()) {
            File file = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(type);
            try {
                bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(new File(
                        file, fileName)));
                bos.write(data);
                bos.flush();
                return true;
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                try {
                    bos.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    // 往SD卡的自定义目录下保存文件
    public static boolean saveFileToSDCardCustomDir(byte[] data, String dir,
            String fileName) {
        BufferedOutputStream bos = null;
        if (isSDCardMounted()) {
            File file = new File(getSDCardBaseDir() + File.separator + dir);
            if (!file.exists()) {
                file.mkdirs();// 递归创建自定义目录
            }
            try {
                bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(new File(
                        file, fileName)));
                bos.write(data);
                bos.flush();
                return true;
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                try {
                    bos.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    // 往SD卡的私有Files目录下保存文件
    public static boolean saveFileToSDCardPrivateFilesDir(byte[] data,
            String type, String fileName, Context context) {
        BufferedOutputStream bos = null;
        if (isSDCardMounted()) {
            File file = context.getExternalFilesDir(type);
            try {
                bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(new File(
                        file, fileName)));
                bos.write(data);
                bos.flush();
                return true;
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                try {
                    bos.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    // 往SD卡的私有Cache目录下保存文件
    public static boolean saveFileToSDCardPrivateCacheDir(byte[] data,
            String fileName, Context context) {
        BufferedOutputStream bos = null;
        if (isSDCardMounted()) {
            File file = context.getExternalCacheDir();
            try {
                bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(new File(
                        file, fileName)));
                bos.write(data);
                bos.flush();
                return true;
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                try {
                    bos.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    // 保存bitmap图片到SDCard的私有Cache目录
    public static boolean saveBitmapToSDCardPrivateCacheDir(Bitmap bitmap,
            String fileName, Context context) {
        if (isSDCardMounted()) {
            BufferedOutputStream bos = null;
            // 获取私有的Cache缓存目录
            File file = context.getExternalCacheDir();

            try {
                bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(new File(
                        file, fileName)));
                if (fileName != null
                        && (fileName.contains(".png") || fileName
                                .contains(".PNG"))) {
                    bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, bos);
                } else {
                    bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, bos);
                }
                bos.flush();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                if (bos != null) {
                    try {
                        bos.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    // 从SD卡获取文件
    public static byte[] loadFileFromSDCard(String fileDir) {
        BufferedInputStream bis = null;
        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

        try {
            bis = new BufferedInputStream(
                    new FileInputStream(new File(fileDir)));
            byte[] buffer = new byte[8 * 1024];
            int c = 0;
            while ((c = bis.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                baos.write(buffer, 0, c);
                baos.flush();
            }
            return baos.toByteArray();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                baos.close();
                bis.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    // 从SDCard中寻找指定目录下的文件，返回Bitmap
    public Bitmap loadBitmapFromSDCard(String filePath) {
        byte[] data = loadFileFromSDCard(filePath);
        if (data != null) {
            Bitmap bm = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(data, 0, data.length);
            if (bm != null) {
                return bm;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    // 获取SD卡公有目录的路径
    public static String getSDCardPublicDir(String type) {
        return Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(type).toString();
    }

    // 获取SD卡私有Cache目录的路径
    public static String getSDCardPrivateCacheDir(Context context) {
        return context.getExternalCacheDir().getAbsolutePath();
    }

    // 获取SD卡私有Files目录的路径
    public static String getSDCardPrivateFilesDir(Context context, String type) {
        return context.getExternalFilesDir(type).getAbsolutePath();
    }

    public static boolean isFileExist(String filePath) {
        File file = new File(filePath);
        return file.isFile();
    }

    // 从sdcard中删除文件
    public static boolean removeFileFromSDCard(String filePath) {
        File file = new File(filePath);
        if (file.exists()) {
            try {
                file.delete();
                return true;
            } catch (Exception e) {
                return false;
            }
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }
}