PMP备考-模拟考试<三>101-150

2020-09-12  本文已影响0人  Chuck2020

101、 [单选] 制定项目范围说明书之后,团队已准备好继续进行其他项目活动。项目团队要项目经理为下一个项目会议的活动和成果提供指导。项目经理接下来应该怎么做?

After defining the project scope statement the team is ready to proceed with other project activity. The team members request the project manager to provide education about activities and outcomes for the next project session. What should the project manager do next?

 A:列出限制团队更新项目文件选择范围的制约因素

list the project constraints that limit the team options to update project documents

 B:收集需求,创建需求跟踪活动资源

collects the requirement to create the requirements resource

 C:将活动清单排序,估算活动

sequence the activity list to estimate the activity resources

 D:审查之前项目的政策,程序和经验教训,创建工作分解结构

review the policies, procedures, and lessoned from work breakdown structure

正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:所属过程组:规划过程组。所属知识领域:项目范围管理。解析:范围说明书是定义范围过程的输出,完成之后就要以此为输入创建 WBS。A,B 应该在定义范围之前完成。创建 WBS 之后再以此定义活动完成之后才能进

102、 [单选] 一名工程师在没有提交变更请求的情况下,完成一名项目相关方的可交付成果变更要求。项目经理应该怎么做?

An engineer completes a stakeholder request for a change in a deliverable without submitting a change request. What should the project manager do?

 A:获得为何进行变更的相关信息

Obtain information about why the change was made

 B:审查变更的影响,并提交变更请求

Review the impact of the change, and submit a change request

 C:更新问题日志

Update the issue log

 D:指示该工程师撤销变更

Instruct the engineer to undo the change

正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:在变更实际发生时,也要采用控制范围过程来管理这些变更。控制范围过程应该与其他控制过程协调开展。未经控制的产品或项目范围的扩大(未对时间、成本和资源做相应调整)被称为范围蔓延。变更不可避免,因此在每个项目上,都必须强制实施某种形式的变更控制。

103、 [单选] 一个为期五年的研发项目项目经理希望将更多的风险放到承包公司,激励他们释放成本,下列哪一个合同类型将满足项目经理的目标?

The project manager of a five-year research and development project wants to place more risk on the contracting company to motivate them to keep costs down. Which of the following contract will meet the project manager’s objectives?

 A:成本补偿合同

Cost-reimbursement

 B:成本加按成本百分比计算酬金合同

Cost-plus-percentage-of-cos

 C:Cost-plus-incentive-fee

成本加激励费用合同

 D:Quantity contract

工料合同

正确答案:C 你的答案:A

解析:见 PMBOK5/12.1.1.9/组织过程资产-成本加激励费合同。为卖方报销履行合同工作所发生的一切可列支成本,并在卖方达到合同规定的绩效目标时,向卖方支付预先确定的激烈费用。

104、 [单选] 一项目经理正在定量计算其项目的风险。她的几名专家都不在身边,但是她想把他们放进来。这该怎么办?

A project manager is quantifying risk for her project. Several of her experts are offsite, but wish to be included. How can this be done?

 A:用互联网作为工具,采用蒙特卡罗分析

Use Monte Carlo analysis using the Internet as a tool.

 B:采用关键路径法

Apply the critical path method.

 C:决定纠正措施的备选方案

Determine options for recommended corrective action.

 D:采用 Delphi 技术

Apply the Delphi Technique.

正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:Delphi 技术在取得技术问题、项目或产品的范围或风险的专家意见时最为常用。

105、 [单选] 异常的天气状况危及到一个关键可交付成果的时间线,在这个时候,下列哪一份项目文件对项目经理有帮助?

Which of the following project documents is helpful to the project manager when the abnormal weather conditions endanger a timeline of key deliverables?

 A:风险登记册

Risk register

 B:工作分解结构

Work breakdown structure

 C:项目进度

Project progress

 D:风险分解结构

Risk breakdown structure

正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:所属知识领域:项目风险管理。所属过程组:规划过程组。解析:异常天气作为一个风险被记录在风险登记册中,已识别的风险应对措施也被记录在风险登记册中,所以选 A

106、 [单选] 项目准备收尾时,团队成员识别出一个新风险,作为项目经理,应该怎么做?

At the project closing, team members identify a new risk. What should the project manager do?

 A:通知项目相关方

To notify the project stakeholder

 B:实施风险减轻策略

To notify the project stakeholder

 C:实施定性风险分析

To perform qualitative risk analysis

 D:制订权变计划

To draw up a contingency plan

正确答案:C 你的答案:A

解析:PMBOK(6)P457-11.7.2.3监督风险-会议。在风险审查中,识别处新的单个项目风险,重新评估当前风险,关闭已过时风险,讨论风险发生所引发的问题,总结可用于当前项目后续阶段或未来类似项目的经验教训。

107、 [单选] 在正式建议邀请书发出后,潜在供应商提交了投标文件,所有供应商的投标包包括两个信封,一个是技术提案,另一个是财务提案。项目采购人员收到三份报价:A 供应商了,120 万美元,B供应商:140 万美元;C 供应商:100 万美元。项目采购人员向项目经理通报了选择提案的困难。项目经理忘记向项目采购人员提供什么?

Following the issuance of the formal proposal, the potential supplier submitted the tender document, and all the suppliers ' tender packages included two envelopes, one technical proposal and the other financial proposal. Project procurement staff received three quotations: supplier A, 1.2 million USD, B suppliers: USD 1.4 million; Suppliers: 1 million USD. Project procurement staff informed the project manager of the difficulty of selecting proposals. What did the project manager forget to offer the project purchaser?

 A:资源选择标准

Criteria for resource selection

 B:合格卖方名单

List of qualified sellers

 C:卖方提案

Seller's proposa

 D:自制或外购决定

Homemade or outsourced decisions

正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:12.2.1.3 采购文档.供应商选择标准,供方选择标准通常是采购文件的一部分。见12.1.3.5节。此类标准描述如何评估投标人的建议书,包括评估标准和权重。 为了减轻风险,买方可能决定与多个卖方签署协议,以便在单个卖方出问题并影响整体项目 时,降低由此导致的损失。

108、 [单选] 项目经理正在编写采购工作说明书,以分包新工厂的机器安装任务,项目经理应该查阅哪一份文件来确保其与项目目标一致?

The project manager is preparing Procurement Statement of Work to subcontract the new factory's machine installation tasks. What documents should the project manager check to ensure that they are consistent with the project objectives?

 A:采购文件

Procurement  documents

 B:项目管理计划

Project management plan

 C:供方选择标准

Source selection criteria

 D:项目章程

Project charter

正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:PMBOK(6)P468-12.1.1.1规划采购管理-项目章程。规划采购过程输入项目章程中包括目标、项目描述、总体里程碑即预先批准的财务资源。

109、 [单选] 为了制定一份前后一致的风险管理计划,项目经理需要考虑哪些因素?

What will the project manager need to consider in preparing a coherent risk management plan?

 A:客户的风险态度以及组织过程资产

Customer risk attitude and organization process assets

 B:项目管理计划和事业环境因素

Project management plan and enterprise environmental factor

 C:风险登记册和范围说明书

Risk register and scope statement

 D:潜在响应列表和项目管理计划

List of potential responses and the project management plan

正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:规划风险管理过程的输入

110、 [单选] 项目分包商没有按照合同规定期限交付工作产品。虽然一再警告,但分包商还是无法交付。项目经理将他们的担忧上报给分包商公司的管理层。但是,这并没有对分包商的绩效带来任何改进。项目经理下一步应该采取下列哪一项措施?

A project’s subcontractor did not deliver the work products as per the terms of the contract. Despite repeated warnings, the subcontractor failed to deliver. The project manager escalated their concerns to the management of the subcontractor’s company. However, this did not result in any improvement in the subcontractor’s performances The project manager should take which of the following action next?

 A:停止向分包商付款。

Stop payment to the subcontractor

 B:启动终止合同的程序。

Initiate termination of the contract.

 C:对分包商采取法律措施。

Take legal action against the subcontractor.

 D:采取其他纠纷解决过程。

Follow the alternative dispute resolution process.

正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:屡教不改,违反合同,提前终止。见4.7引言。

111、 [单选] 在进行检查期间,你发现一家供应商没有适当生产可交付成果的一个重要部件。你应该如何做?

During a walk-through, you discover that a seller has neglected to properly produce a major component of its deliverable. What should you do?

 A:坚持卖方遵守质量保证计划

Insist that the seller follow their quality assurance plans

 B:就偏差,通知项目发起人

Inform the project sponsor of the discrepancy

 C:通过函件,坚持要求遵守合同

Insist that the contract be adhered to via correspondence

 D:安排会议,讨论偏差

Schedule a meeting to discuss the discrepancy

正确答案:C 你的答案:D

解析:PMBOK第6版 中 12.3 作为买方在进行采购管理时,主要对结果和目标进行监控,一般不涉及卖方的具体过程管理,备选答案 A 和 D 均属项目过程管理属于卖方的职责,而 B 是否通知项目发起人需要根据问题的严重性而定。

112、 [单选] 在一个关键项目的中间阶段,项目经理发现项目落后于进度。项目经理应该执行下列哪一项活动将项目拉回到正常进度轨道?

In the middle of a critical project, the project manager finds that the project is behind schedule.Which activity should the project manager perform to bring the project back on track?

 A:资源平衡

Resource leveling

 B:调整提前期量与滞后量

Adjusting leads and lags

 C:进度压缩

Schedule compression

 D:假设场景分析

What-if scenario analysis

正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:见 PMBOK第6版 中 6.6.2.6-进度控制工具。

113、 [单选] 项目经理正在制定一个项目计划。项目赞助人得知后,立即让项目经理针对项目成本开展初始粗略评估,以满足未来财政预算的需求。 项目经理采用下列哪一项评估项目成本?

The project manager is developing a project plan, on short notice project sponsor  asks the project manager to create an initial rough estimate of project cost to satisfy requirements for the upcoming fiscal budget. The project manager uses which of the following for estimating the project cost?

 A:自下而上估算

Bottom-up estimating

 B:三点结算

Three-point estimating

 C:类比估算

Analogous estimating

 D:建立参数模型

Parametric modeling

正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:规划过程组 项目成本管理  考点:成本估算成本类比估算是指以过去类似项目的参数值(如范围、成本、预算和持续时间等)或规模指标(如尺寸、重量和复杂性等)为基础,来估算当前项目的同类参数或指标。在估算成本时,这项技术以过去类似项目的实际成本为依据,来估算当前项目的成本。这是一种粗略的估算方法,有时需根据项目复杂性方面的已知差异进行调整。出处:PMBOK 7.2  估算成本

114、 [单选] 一个为期两年的项目完成了50%,进度绩效指数1.051和成本绩效指数为1.02。一个新的项目进入投资组合,被视为一个优先级并且高于当前的项目。因此,目前项目失去了三个关键资源。尽管资源紧张,但是高级主管仍然要求项目经理按时完成项目,并且按照预算且不会有额外的资源补给。 项目经理应该怎样做?

A two-year project is 50% complete has a schedule performance index of 1.051and a cost performance index of 1.02, A new project enters the portfolio and is deemed a higher priority than the current project. As a result, the current project loses three key resources.  Despite tossing resources, the project manager is asked by senior management to complete the project on time and within budget without additional resources. What should do next?

 A:执行资源平衡

executive resources balance

 B:赶工

crashing

 C:变更项目基准

change the project baseline

 D:实施偏差分析

implements deviation analysis

正确答案:D 你的答案:B

解析:出现了关键资源被调走这种情况要首先进行偏差分析,确定目前的绩效情况,偏离基准的情况和程度,然后再决定是否需要采取纠正或预防措施,所以选D,题目中其它选项都是措施,是在D的基础上进行的,所以选D。

115、 [单选] 你们公司决定为市场开发一种新的高科技产品,要求你起草项目章程。你起草项目章程时发现无法把项目目标可测量化。下列哪一项是引起这个问题的最可能原因?

Your company decides to develop a new hi-tech product for the market demand and requests you to draft the project charter. When drafting the project charter, you find that the project goal is immeasurable. Which of the following items is the most probable reason?

 A:项目的范围尚未明确

The project scope has not yet been clear

 B:项目的目标尚未明确

The project goal has not yet been clear

 C:产品范围描述不清

The description of product range is unclear

 D:你自己的相关经验不足

You have less relevant experience

正确答案:B 你的答案:A

解析:PMBOK(6)P81-4.1.3.1制定项目章程-项目章程。项目章程包含可测量的项目目标。

116、 [单选] 由于一台设备设计规格中的某一项被忽略了而导致项目延期,而赶制此项需要更长的交货期。为避免这种情况的发生,项目经理在项目规划期间应完成下列哪一项?

A project is delayed because one item in the equipment specification has been ignored. It will require a longer lead time to catch up. To avoid this situation, the project manager should have done which of the following in project planning?

 A:制定应急计划

prepare a contingency plan

 B:选择更为可靠的供应商

select a more reliable supplier

 C:在识别风险过程上花费更多的努力

spend more efforts on the process of risk identification

 D:确保该项不在关键路径上

ensure that the item is a not on the critical path

正确答案:C 你的答案:A

解析:所属过程组:规划过程组。所属知识领域:项目风险管理。解析:出现这种情况识别风险不充分。

117、[单选]在一个项目的最终阶段,一名关键相关方识别到产品缺失关键功能,必须增加这些功能才能在市场上具有竞争力。项目经理应该怎么做?

During a project’s final stage, a key stakeholder identifies that the product is missing critical features that must be added to be marketplace competitive. What should the project manager do?

 A:修订范围管理计划。

Modify the scope management plan.

 B:更新质量核对表。

Update the quality checklists.

 C:遵循变更管理计划。

Follow the change management plan.

 D:查看工作说明书(SOW)。

Review the statement of work (SOW).

正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:增加产品功能必须遵循变更流程。

118、 [单选] 项目经理观察到某些项目团队成员开始一起工作并调整工作习惯,但是,他们彼此不互相信任。项目经理可以得出下列哪一项关于团队的结论?

The project manager observes that some project team, members begin to work together and adjust work habits, however, they do not trust each other. The project manager may conclude which of the following about the team?

 A:团队处于发展的规划阶段,很有可能前进到执行阶段。

it is in the norming stage of development and will most probably move on the performing stage.

 B:团队处于发展的规范阶段,很有可能倒退回震荡阶段。

It is in the norming stage of the development and will most probably slip back to the storming stage.

 C:团队处于发展的震荡阶段,很好有可能前进到规划阶段。

It is in the storming stage of development and will most probably move on to the norming stage.

 D:团队处于发展的震荡阶段,很有可能倒退回组建阶段

It is in the storming stage of the development and will most probably slip back to the forming stage,

正确答案:B 你的答案:D

解析:在规范阶段,团队成员开始协同工作,并按团队的需要调整各自的工作习惯和行为,团队成员开始相互信任。该题的情况中团队成员已经开始协同工作了,说明进入了规范阶段,但因为成员之间还没有达成相互信任,因此该过程并不稳定,很可能会退回到前一个震荡阶段。

119、 [单选] 一名新项目经理与由高级技术人员组成的项目团体工作,在制定项目治理中,新项目经理将有来自高级技术人员的阻力。项目经理下一步该怎么做?

A new project manager works with a project team comprised of senior technical staff. During the establishment of project governance, the new project manager anticipates that there will be resistance from the senior technical staff. What should the project manager do next?

 A:为项目团队成员建立角色和职责

Establish roles and responsibilities for the project team members.

 B:制定并同意项目人员配备方案

Establish and agree on project staff assignments.

 C:制定工作分解结构

Establish a work breakdown structure.

 D:制定并同意团队运行规则

Establish and agree on team operating rules.

正确答案:D 你的答案:A

解析:9.1.3.2 团队章程团队章程对项目团队成员的可接受行为确定了明确的期望。尽早认可并遵守明确的规则,有助于减少误解,提高生产力;讨论诸如行为规范、沟通、决策、会议礼仪等领域,团队成员可以了解彼 此重要的价值观。由团队制定或参与制定的团队章程可发挥最佳效果。所有项目团队成员都分担责 任,确保遵守团队章程中规定的规则。

120、 [单选] 一名初级项目经理被指派到一个新启动的项目,高级项目经理指示该初级项目经理去识别在项目中享有既得利益的人员。 高级项目经理让初级项目经理创建的是下列哪一项?

A junior project manager is assigned to a newly initiated project, and the senior project manager instructs the junior project manager to identify the person who has a vested interest in the project. Which of the following items is created by the senior project manager for the junior project manager?

 A:相关方管理计划

Related party management plan

 B:项目团队清单

List of project teams

 C:项目批准人清单

List of project approver

 D:相关方登记册

Relevant party registers

正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:识别相关方。相关方登记册可用来识别那些能提供详细的项目和产品需求信息的相关方。相关方登记册是识别相关方的输出。

121、 [单选] 客户启动了一个新的战略项目,该项目必须自年底前完成。该项目对于客户的战略成功至关重要。关于项目范围、预算和进度的意见已经讨论过。 项目章程中还应包含哪些内容?

A customer initiates a new strategic project, Which must be completed by the end of the year. The project is critical to the strategic success of the customer. An idea about the scope, budget, and timeline has already been discussed. What else should be included in the project charter?

 A:批准的预算,制定的资源和固定的完工日期

Approved budget, named resources, and fixed-end date

 B:定量的风险、限制和例外情况,已经修订的历程碑日期

Quantified risks, limits and exclusions, and revised milestone dates

 C:总体要求,主要风险和识别的范围

High-level requirements, high-level risks, and identified scope

 D:项目计划,范围计划和资源计划

Project plan, scope plan, and resource plan

正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:指南-4.1.3.1项目章程,项目章程记录了关于项目和项目预期交付的产品、服务或成果的高层级信息,例如 •项目目的;•可测量的项目目标和相关的成功标准;•高层级需求;•高层级项目描述、边界定义以及主要可交付成果;•整体项目风险;•总体里程碑进度计划;•预先批准的财务资源;•关键相关方名单;•项目审批要求(例如,用什么标准评价项目成功,由谁对项目成功下结论,由谁来签署项目 结束);•项目退出标准(例如,在何种条件下才能关闭或取消项目或阶段);•委派的项目经理及其职责和职权;•发起人或其他批准项目章程的人员的姓名和职权。 项目章程确保相关方在总体上就主要可交付成果、里程碑以及每个项目参与者的角色和职责达成共识。

122、 [单选] A 公司的客户满意度调查显示,由于服务水平下降,客户有投向竞争对手的趋势。随着管制解除的迫近和竞争变得越来越激烈,CEO 宣布将改善客户体验摆在第一位,应该使用下列哪一项技术?

Company A’s customer satisfaction survey indicates that customers are leaving for the competition due to deterioration support responsiveness. With the impending deregulation and increased competition, the CEO vows to place priority on improving client experience. What project techniques should be used?

 A:Q-分类技术

Q-short.

 B:参数估算

Parametric estimation.

 C:鱼骨图

Fish-bone diagram.

 D:敏感性分析

Sensitivity analysis.

正确答案:C 你的答案:D

解析:客户满意度是质量的评价标准,鱼骨图是质量控制的工具。

123、 [单选] 项目工期为五个月。项目最初费用拨款总额为30.000美元,目前项目处于第三个月。项目前两个月的总支出为12,500美元。项目完工部分超前于进度符合预算。项目的成本差异是多少?

The duration of a project is five months. The total cost initially allocated was US$30,000. The project is in the third month, The total expenditure in the project for the first two months is us$12,500. The project is ahead of schedule and on budget for work completed. What is the cost variance of the project?

 A:大于零

Greater than zero

 B:小于零

Less than zero

 C:零

Zero

 D:一

One

正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:题干提示“项目完工部分超前于进度符合预算”,所以成本偏差CV=0。

124、 [单选] 一项目经理和公司中设计铁路设备的团队要设计一台能将石头装载到火车上的机器。该项目允许损耗 2%,也就是每天能损耗超过 2 吨的石块。在下列哪项中项目经理记录该项目的质量控制、质量保证和质量改进?

A project manager and team from a firm that designs railroad equipment are tasked to design a machine to load stone onto railroad cars. The design allows for 2 percent spillage, mounting to over two tons of spilled rock per day. In which of the following does the project manager document quality control, quality assurance and quality improvements for this project?

 A:质量管理计划

Quality management plan

 B:质量政策

Quality policy

 C:控制图

Control charts

 D:项目管理计划

Project management plan

正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:选项 B 和 C 都是质量管理计划的组成部分。质量管理计划是项目管理计划的一部分。正确参考答案是选项 A,质量管理计划,参见 PMBOK 8.1.3.1 质量管理计划。

125、 [单选] A 项目通过一个组织矩阵进行管理。项目经理向一位高级总裁汇报工作,后者对项目提供实际的帮助。在这种情况下,以下哪个陈述最好地说明了项目经理的相对权力?

Project A is being administered using a matrix form of organization. The project manager reports to a senior vice president who provides visible support to the project. In this scenario, which of the following statements best describes the relative power of the project manager?

 A:项目经理很可能不会受到项目相关方的责难

The project manager will probably not be challenged by project stakeholders.

 B:在这个强矩阵中,权力的平衡倾向于职能经理

In this strong matrix, the balance of power is shifted to the functional line managers.

 C:在这个紧密矩阵中,权力平衡倾向于项目经理

In this tight matrix, the balance of power is shifted to the project manager.

 D:在这个强矩阵中,权力平衡倾向于项目经理

In this strong matrix, the balance of power is shifted to the project manager.

正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:指南-2.4.4.1组织结构类型-表2-1组织结构对项目的影响。

126、 [单选] 一项目经理刚刚为一 387,000 美元的工程项目编制完风险应对计划。他下一步很可能怎么做?

A project manager has just finished the risk response plan for a U.S. $387,000 engineering project. Which of the following should he probably do NEXT?

 A:确定项目总体的风险级别

Determine the overall risk rating of the project.

 B:开始分析项目图纸上出现的问题

Begin to analyze the risks that show up in the project drawings.

 C:在项目的工作分解结构中增加工作包

Add work packages to the project work breakdown structure.

 D:重估项目风险

Hold a project risk reassessment.

正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:本题是在项目计划编制时发生的。计划编制必须在进入下一步之前完成。确定项目的风险级别(选项 A)在定量风险分析过程中完成,应该早就完成了。选项 B 是在项目执行期间完成的工作,重新评估项目风险(选项 D)在风险监控过程中发生,是编制应对计划的下一步。但是本题没有问风险管理过程的下一步是什么。只有选项 C 是在项目计划编制之后的。你现在明白计划编制的顺序了吗?

127、 [单选] 项目经理的上一个项目曾在范围管理方面遇到麻烦,发起人疲于审批范围变更,而范围变更进而又引发了一系列严重问题。在总结了这个教训之后,项目经理在本项目上应该怎么做?

The last project the project manager was in had troubles in scope management, the sponsor was tired of approving scope changes, and the scope change caused a series of serious issues. After drawing this lesson, what the project manager should do in this project?

 A:建议发起人保留对范围变更的审批权力

To recommend the sponsor to reserve the power to approve scope change.

 B:建议由自己和发起人共同对范围变更进行审批

To recommend that the scope change should be approved by him and the project sponsor

 C:建议发起人授权变更控制委员会(CCB)对范围变更进行审批

To recommend that the sponsor should authorize the Change Control Board (CCB) to approve such scope change.

 D:建议发起人授权项目管理团队对范围变更进行审批

To recommend that the sponsor should authorize the project management team to approve such scope change.

正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:PMBOK(6)P113-4.6实施整体变更控制。CCB 是一个正式组成的团体,负责审查、评价、批准、推迟或否决项目变更,以及记录和传达变更处理决定。

128、 [单选] 在某种特定合同下,确定有可列支成本作为供应商的补偿。供应商已获得$102,000的支付款项。其中$80,000为实际成本。合同原始成本估算为$90,000,$20,000作为奖励酬金。对于实现成本节约,供应商获得其中的20%。 这属于下列哪一个合同类型?

Under a certain contract, a list of allowable costs is established for supplier reimbursement. The supplier is paid $102,000, of which $80,000 is actual cost. The original cost estimate of the contract is $90,000 and $20,000 is incentive fee. The supplier gets a 20% share of cost savings achieved. This is which of the following types of contracts?

 A:固定总价加奖励费用合同

Fixed-price incentive-fee

 B:成本加固定费用合同

Cost-plus-fixed-fee

 C:可按经济指数价格调整的固定总价合同

Fixed-price with economic price adjustment

 D:成本加激励费用合同

Cost-plus-incentive-fee

正确答案:D 你的答案:A

解析:参见“PMBOK第6版中12.1.1.6”,成本加激励费用 (CPIF)。为卖方报销履行合同工作所发生的一切可列支成本,并在卖方达到 合同规定的绩效目标时,向卖方支付预先确定的激励费用。在 CPIF 合同中,如果最终成本 低于或高于原始估算成本,则买方和卖方需要根据事先商定的成本分摊比例来分享节约部 分或分担超支部分。例如,基于卖方的实际成本,按照 80/20 的比例分担(分享)超过(低 于)目标成本的部分。

129、 [单选] 项目经理正在管理一个软件开发项目的执行工作。在执行过程中,发生了一个风险应对计划中没有包括的风险。项目经理应该怎么做?

The project manager is managing the execution of a software development project. During the execution process, a risk that is not included in the risk response plan happens. What should the project manager do?

 A:使用应急储备来解决风险的后果

To solve the risk consequence with emergency reserves

 B:把风险的实际情况报告给管理层

To report the actual situation of the risk to the management

 C:召开团队会议讨论权变措施

To hold a team meeting to discuss workaround

 D:不理会这个风险,既然计划中没有包括

To ignore this risk, because this risk is not included in the plan.

正确答案:C 你的答案:B

解析:PMBOK(6)P453-11.7监督风险。监督商定的风险应对计划的实施,跟踪已识别风险,识别和分析新风险,评估风险管理有效性。对于已经发生的未知-未知风险采用权变措施。

130、[单选]一家公司的仓储设施受到风暴影响,这对项目的完成日期和里程碑产生不利影响。项目经理应查阅哪一份文件来找到将解决这种情况的这些人员角色和职责?

A company’s storage facilities are affected by storms. This negatively impacts the project’s completion date and milestones. What document should the project manager consult to find the roles and responsibilities of those people who will resolve the situation?

 A:相关方管理计划

Stakeholder management plan

 B:风险管理计划

Risk management plan

 C:资源管理计划

Resource management plan

 D:沟通管理计划

Communication management plan

正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:1.根据题目描述,项目经理需要确定应对风险的责任人及职责,这些内容在风险管理计划中 2.风险管理计划中,确定了每个活动的领导者和支持者,以及风险管理团队的成员,并明确其职责

131、 [单选] 由于专家对项目需求的意见不一致,项目现在存在落后于进度的风险,项目经理应该怎么做?

A project is at risk of falling behind schedule due to experts’ differences of opinion over project requirements. What should the project manager do?

 A:将问题上报给项目发起人。

Escalate it to the project sponsor.

 B:安排一次会议,审查项目范围。

Schedule a meeting to review project scope.

 C:提交变更请求。

Submit a change request.

 D:妥协,同时关注项目目标。

Compromise, with focusing on project goals.

正确答案:B 你的答案:C

解析:发现风险先进行评估。

132、 [单选] 你刚刚被分配到一个处于实施阶段中期的项目任项目经理,你正在确定你将如何控制这个项目,控制这个项目的最佳方法是:

You have just been assigned as project manager in execution phase and you have to determine how you should control the project,the best way is to:

 A:使用综合的沟通方法(使用多面性沟通方法)

Use a combination of communication methods

 B:召开项目进度会议

Hold schedule meetings

 C:每周参照甘特图

Refer to Gantt chart weekly

 D:定期与管理层开会

Meet with management regularly

正确答案:A 你的答案:B

解析:B、C、D都是监控进度的工具和技术,你的管理和沟通方法需要随着具体情况的变化而改变,没有最好的方法,只有最适用的方法。

133、 [单选] 为了确定最长的工期路径,项目团队同时考虑了任务的依赖关系和资源制约条件. 项目经理使用的是下列哪一项进度安排方法?

To determine the longest duration path,the project team considers both task dependencies and resource constraints. The project team uses which of the following scheduling methodologies ?

 A:关键链法

Critical chain method

 B:关键路径法

Critical path method

 C:关键评审技术

Critical evaluation and review technique

 D:图形路径法

Graphical path method

正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:根据题意,同时考虑了任务依赖关系和资源制约条件,所以选A,资源约束型关键路径就是关键链,关键路径考虑了任务依赖关系,关键链法同时考虑了任务依赖关系和资源制约条件。

134、 [单选] 在一个软件开发项目中,开发人员发现一个可以提高速度的新工具。项目经理分析发现这种新工具能够缩短当前开发阶段20%,并节省10%的项目成本。在变更控制委员会批准之后,项目经理修订了项目进度。这属于哪种风险应对类型?

During a software development project, a developer discovers a new tool that could increase development speed. The project manager’s analysis finds implementing the new tool could shorten the current development phase by 20% and save 10% of the project’s cost. After approval from the change control board, the project manager revises the project schedule. What is the type of risk response?

 A:开拓

Exploit

 B:接受

Accept

 C:增强

Enhance

 D:转移

Transfer

正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:11.5规划风险应对,积极风险的应对,开拓,关键字包括新工具,最佳资源

135、 [单选] 一个团队正在与人际问题做斗争,若要提高团队精神,应该使用哪一种策略?

A team is struggling with interpersonal issues, which strategy should be used to improve team spirit?

 A:建立一个认可和奖励机制,激励各个成员作为团队工作

Establishing a recognition and incentive mechanism to motivate members to work as a team

 B:将团队成员送去参加个人培训,提高他们的技能

Send team members to personal training to improve their skills

 C:为了说明可被接受的行为,制定规矩

In order to demonstrate acceptable behavior, develop rules

 D:让团队在一个共同办公室中集中办公

Keeping teams focused in a common office

正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:9.4 建设团队,本过程的主要作用是,改进团队协作、增强人际关系技能、激励员工、减少摩擦以及提升整体项目 绩效。集中办公可以增强团队工作能力。

136、 [单选] 因为完成可交付成果1和2需要额外的资源技能,1 期的实际成本为 55,000 美元。项目的可交付成果和质量是不可协商的。在 II 期开始前,项目经理应该怎么做?

TheThe actual cost of phase I is US$55,000, because additional resource skill sets were requiredto complete both deliverables I and 2. The deliverables and quality of the project are nonnegotiable. Before the opening of phase II occurs, what should the project manager do?

 A:确保具有批准增加 20,000 美元预算的变更管理文件。

Ensure there is a change management document approving the additional US$20.000 to the budget

 B:验证 II 期资源需求的项目计划。

Validate the project plan for phase it’s resource requirements

 C:确定如何从 II 期或 III 期削减 20,000 美元。

Determine how US$20,000 will be cut from phase II phase III

 D:确定相关方应重新考虑 II 期或 III 期的哪些可交付成果。

Determine which deliverables from phase II of phase 3 the stakeholders should reconsider

正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:项目成本管理 因为项目的可交付成果和质量是不可协商的,因此第二三阶段也会有可交付成果 1 和 2,条件不变的情况下也会增加额外的资源技能,因此需要再第二期开始之前重新进行验证成本计划。又因为第二期还有其它第一期没有包含的可交付成果,因此不确定是否只用增加 20000,A 不准确。选 B。

137、 [单选] 有一种激励理论认为,真正能激励人的是工作本身。包括工作中的责任感、职业发展和自我实现等,而不是工作所带来的经济收人。这种激励理论是?

A motivation theory argues that what really motivates is the work itself, including the sense of responsibility at work, career development and self-actualization, rather than the economic income from work. What is this incentive theory?

 A:戴明的PDCA循环理论

Deming's PDCA Cycle Theory

 B:麦克利兰的成就动机理论

McClelland's Achievement Motivation Theory

 C:马斯洛的需求层次理论

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

 D:赫兹伯格的双因素理论

Herzberg's Two-factor Theory

正确答案:D 你的答案:B

解析:赫兹伯格的双因素理论认为,工作条件、工作环境、福利待遇等卫生保健因素基本没有激励作用,而富有挑战性的工作、更多责任、更高的职位才有激励作用。

138、 [单选] 新项目经理正在制定项目管理计划,但项目经理对该项目领域没有经验。若要从其他人的讲演中获益,项目经理应该参考下列哪一项?

A new project manager is developing a project management plan in an area that the project manager has no experience. Which of the following should the project manager reference to benefit from the experience of others?

 A:团队绩效评估

Team performance assessment

 B:绩效报告

Performance report

 C:历史信息

Historical information

 D:相关方登记册

Stakeholder register

正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:组织过程资产 能够影响制定项目管理计划过程的组织过程,组织过程资产是大部分规划过程的输入,历史信息属于组织过程资产。

139、 [单选] 一个项目分多个阶段执行。项目团队完成了第一阶段的可交付成果。第一阶段的可交付成果已经过完整性确认。目前正在执行下列哪一项项目过程?

A project is executed in multiple phases. The project team completed their first phase of deliverables. The first phase’s deliverables are validated for completeness. Which project process is being performed?

 A:确认范围过程

Validate scope

 B:管理质量过程

Perform quality assurance

 C:控制范围过程

Control scope

 D:控制质量过程

Control Quality

正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:指南-5.5确认范围,是正式验收已完成的项目可交付成果的过程。本过程的主要作用是,使验收过程具有客 观性;同时通过确认每个可交付成果,来提高最终产品、服务或成果获得验收的可能性。

140、 [单选] 公司总经理刚刚委任你为项目经理,并请你起草项目章程。你从总经理那里得到了项目工作说明书,了解到项目的时间很紧。你也知道公司等级森严、权力距离很大。针对这种情况,制定项目章程的最佳办法是?

Recently, the general manager has appointed you as the project manager and requested you to draft the project charter. You receive the statement of work from the general manager and get to know that the project schedule is very tight. You also know that the company is a hierarchical structure with widened power distance. In this case, what is the best practice of drafting the project charter?

 A:召开头脑风暴会议,与潜在的项目团队成员一起制定项目章程

To hold a brainstorming session and to work with potential project team members to draft the project charters

 B:自己起草项目章程,然后提交给潜在团队成员和其他项目相关方征求意见

To draft the project charter by yourself, then submit it to potential team members and other project stakeholders to seek advice

 C:与项目发起人一起编制项目章程,然后分发给项目相关方

To prepare the project charter with the functional manager and to submit it to the project sponsors for signature confirmation.

 D:与职能经理一起编制项目章程,并提交给项目发起人签字确认

To prepare the project charter with the functional manager and to submit it to the project sponsors for signature confirmation.

正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:PMBPOK(6)P79-4.1制定项目章程。项目章程由发起人编制,或者由项目经理与发起人合作编制。

141、 [单选] 工作分解结构建立后,项目经理通过头脑风暴发启动了识别风险过程。该过程指出了一些潜在风险. 项目经理应该怎么做?

After the work breakdown structure is crested, the project manager starts the Identify Risks Process using the brainstorming technique. During this process, some potential risks are raised. What should the project manager do?

 A:更改项目范围以回避风险

Change the project scope to avoid the risks.

 B:接受风险并将其预期值纳入项目预算

Accept the risks and include their expected value to the project budget.

 C:确定潜在响应

Define potential responses.

 D:实施变通方案以回避风险

Implement workarounds to avoid the risks.

正确答案:C 你的答案:B

解析:风险管理,识别风险。识别风险后,制订风险登记册,记录风险根本原因以及潜在的应对措施,11.2.3.1识别风险的输出包括潜在风险应对措施清单

142、 [单选] 项目的主要相关方要求对一个优先问题立即采取纠正措施,并批准项目经理继续。项目经理下一步应该怎么做?

A project’s major stakeholder requests immediate corrective action for a priority issue, and authorizes the project manager to proceed. What should the project manager do next?

 A:请求变更控制委员会(CCB)的批准。

Request approve from the change control board (CCB).

 B:评估对关键路径的影响,并更新进度基准。

Assess the impact on the critical path, and update the schedule baseline.

 C:更新问题日志。

Update the issue log.

 D:继续进行变更。

Proceed with the change.

正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:对于紧急的变更,项目经理实施后应补走正式的变更流程。

143、 [单选] 在为一个大型项目工作时,项目经理注意到某个特征的开发人员经常错过最终期限,项目经理应该怎么做?

In a large project, the project manager notices that a developer with certain characteristic often neglects the deadline, what should the project manager do?

 A:确定该开发人员是否是另一个项目的共享资源。

To ascertain if the developer is a shared resource for another project.

 B:通过电子邮件给该开发人员一个警告,以提高他们的工作质量。

To warn the developer by email to improve their working quality.

 C:将该问题升级上报给该开发人员的直线经理,并要求立即解决该问题。

To escalate the issue to his line manager and to request that the issue should be solved immediately.

 D:私下与该开发人员开会,并在适用情况下提供支持。

To hold a private meeting with this developer and to provide support where applicable.

正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:PMBOK(6)P349-9.5.2.1人际关系于团队技能-情商。应该使用情商来了解、评估即控制团队成员的情绪,预测团队成员的行为,确认团队成员的关注点及跟踪团队成员的问题,从而达到减轻压力、加强合作的目的。根据题意,某个团队成员总是晚于最终期限工作,首先私下了解情况并对该成员的绩效给与建设性的反馈意见。

144、 [单选] 在团队会议期间,项目经理不能保持项目团队的注意力,团队成员不断查看电子邮件,并讨论不相关的话题,发生这种问题的原因是什么?

During team meetings, the project manager cannot maintain the project team’s attention. Team members constantly check emails and discuss unrelated topics. What is the cause of this issue?

 A:项目经理没有准备会议议程

The project manager does not have a meeting agenda

 B:项目经理没有沟通基本原则

The project manager has not communicated the ground rules

 C:项目经理处于一个弱矩阵型组织

The project manager is in a weak matrix organization

 D:项目经理的领导力不足

The project manager has inadequate leadership skills

正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:9.1.3.2 团队章程团队章程对项目团队成员的可接受行为确定了明确的期望。尽早认可并遵守明确的规则,有助于减少误解,提高生产力;讨论诸如行为规范、沟通、决策、会议礼仪等领域,团队成员可以了解彼 此重要的价值观。由团队制定或参与制定的团队章程可发挥最佳效果。所有项目团队成员都分担责 任,确保遵守团队章程中规定的规则。

145、 [单选] 一个关键项目落后于进度,并超出预算。项目管理办公室(PMO)的详细分析表明并非所有关键人员都被识别,并且没有积极的过程来接洽和管理这些人员。项目经理应该采取什么纠正措施?

A critical project is behind schedule and over budget. Detailed analysis by the project management office (PMO) revealed that not all key people were identified, and no active process for engaging and managing them. What corrective action should the project manager take?

 A:改进相关方管理计划。

Improve the stakeholder management plan.

 B:查看权力/利益方格。

Review the power/interest grid.

 C:控制相关方参与程度。

Control stakeholder engagement.

 D:更新沟通管理计划。

Update the communications management plan.

正确答案:A 你的答案:B

解析:相关方管理计划为有效调动相关方参与而规定所需的管理策略。

146、 [单选] 一件工作产品临近发布期限,项目经理和团队得知该工作产品的功能不能满足要求,客户已经承诺在计划日期提供功能齐全的产品。 在记录这个问题后,项目经理应该怎么做?

A working product is approaching the release deadline. The project manager and the team learned that the function of the working product could not meet the requirements. The customer has promised to provide a full-featured product on the planned date. After recording this issue, what should the project manager do?

 A:在客户测试期间解决该问题

Solve this issue during customer testing

 B:获得额外的资源专业知识

Obtain additional resource expertise

 C:通知客户和发起人

Notify the customer and sponsor

 D:与客户协商获得额外的时间

Negotiate with the customer for extra time

正确答案:C 你的答案:A

解析:在承诺的产品发布日期无法提供功能齐全的产品,如实告知客户和发起人,履行诚实的项目经理职业道德。

147、 [单选] 由于生产线错误和缺陷,制造商正面临大量产品退货,产品经理怀疑根本原因可能是培训和/或库存采购和货物分类流程较差,若要确定生产问题的准确的、根本原因,应使用下列哪一项工具?

A manufacturer is experiencing a large number of returned items due to production line errors and defects. The product manager suspects that the root causes may be training and/or poor inventory purchasing and sorting processes. Which to should be utilized to determine the precise root causes of the production problems?

 A:帕累托图

Pareto chart

 B:直方图

Histogram

 C:质量控制图

Quality control chart

 D:石川图

Ishikawa diagram

正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:因果图,又称鱼骨图或石川图。问题陈述放在鱼骨的头部,作为起点,用来追溯问题来源,回推到可行动的根本原因。在问题陈述中,通常把问题描述为一个要被弥补的差距或要达到的目标。通过看问题陈述和问“为什么”来发现原因,直到发现可行动的根本原因,或者列尽每根鱼骨上的合理可能性。要在被视为特殊偏差的不良结果与非随机原因之间建立联系,鱼骨图往往是行之有效的。

148、 [单选] 项目实施中,项目业主通常有权在项目工作结束前指令进行工作范围变更。如果业主在项目将要结束时突然口头要求承包商进行某范围变更,且坚持不发布书面变更令。这种情况下应该怎么做?

During the project execution, the project owner generally has the right to instruct the scope change before completing the project work. If the owner suddenly requests the contractor orally to perform a certain scope change before completing the project and insists that no written change order should be issued. What should the project owner do in this case?

 A:实施该变更的成本将全部由业主承担

The cost of performing such change will be borne by the owner.

 B:业主应在变更实施之前支付一半的成本。在变更完成之后再支付另一半

The owner should pay a half of the cost before performing such change. Pay the rest after performing such change

 C:承包商将承担与该变更有关的全部风险

The contractor will bear all risks associated with such change

 D:如果变更不大,承包商应该实施该变更

If this is a minor change, the contractor should perform such change

正确答案:C 你的答案:A

解析:PMBOK(6)P113-4.6实施整体变更控制。如果业主坚持不发布证书书面的变更令,就无法通过正式的变更控制体系评估、处理变更,供应商将承担变更的全部风险。

149、 [单选] 项目经理正在考虑项目风险和制约因素,然后组织了一次与高级员工召开的头脑风暴,了解当前流程,项目经理向部门经理讲述了业务影响相关问题,并审查了风险和制约的因素,在咨询信息技术部门的一名方案架构师的意见后,项目经理要求获得输入和评估。项目经理使用的是哪种工具和技术?

A project manager look at the project’s risk and constrains and then organizes a brainstorming session with senior staff to understand the current processes. The project manager speaks with department managers regarding business impacts ,and reviews risks and constraints. Consulting with a solution architect in the information technology department ,the project manager asks for inputs and assessments. What tool and technique is the project manager using?

 A:风险登记册模板

Risk register template

 B:专家判断

Expert judgment

 C:组织过程资产

Organizational process assets

 D:外部分析

External analysis

正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:见 PMBOK6/11.2.2.1/专家判断。项目经理应选择相关专家,邀请他们根据以往经验和专业知识指出可能的风险。

150、 [单选] 在一个软件开发项目的执行阶段,一些海外开发成员加入团队,项目经理应首先更新哪一项内容?

In the execution phase of a software development project, some overseas development members join in the team. Which item should the project manager update in the first place?

 A:范围管理计划

Scope Management Plan

 B:沟通管理计划

Communication Management Plan

 C:项目进度计划

Project Schedule

 D:资源管理计划

Resource Management Plan

正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:PMBOK(6)P351-9.5.3.2管理团队-项目管理计划更新-资源管理计划。根据实际的项目团队管理经验更新。资源管理计划包括资源的职责、角色等,新加入了海外开发成员,首先应更显资源管理计划。进度计划,范围管理计划应该不变,沟通管理计划可能发生变化。

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