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Java高并发秒杀Api-业务分析与DAO层构建2

2018-05-05  本文已影响227人  markfork

章节目录

Dao 设计编码

1.pom.xml 引入项目依赖的包

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>org.seckill</groupId>
    <artifactId>seckill</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>1.0</version>
    <name>seckill Maven Webapp</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <!--使用注解方式运行junit-->
            <version>4.11</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--补全项目依赖-->
        <!--日志-->
        <!--1.日志 java日志,slf4j,log4j,logback,common-logging-->
        <!--2.
              slf4j 是规范、接口
              日志实现 log4j,logback,common-logging
              使用slf4j+logback
        -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.12</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--实现slf4j接口并实现,直接通过slf4j来进行日志记录-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--数据库依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.35</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--数据库连接池-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--dao层依赖:MyBatis-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.3.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--mybatis自身实现的spring依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.3</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--servlet web相关依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
            <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.5.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--end  java web 相关依赖-->
        <!--spring 依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--spring dao层依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--spring 声明式事务-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--spring web 相关依赖 servlet容器加载spring ioc spring  aop  启动spring 的工厂-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--junit相关依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>


    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <finalName>seckill</finalName>
    </build>
</project>

2.数据库设计与编码
数据库脚本如下所示:

--数据库初始化脚本

--创建数据库
CREATE DATABASE seckill;

--使用数据库
use seckill;

--创建秒杀库存表
CREATE TABLE seckill(
   `seckill_id` bigint not null AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '商品库存id',
   `name` VARCHAR (120) not null COMMENT '商品名称',
   `stock` int not null COMMENT '库存数量',
   `start_time` TIMESTAMP NOT  NULL COMMENT '秒杀开始时间',
   `end_time` TIMESTAMP  NOT NULL COMMENT '秒杀结束时间',
   `create_time` TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间',
   PRIMARY KEY (seckill_id),
   key idx_start_time(start_time),
   key idx_end_time(end_time),
   key idx_create_time(create_time)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1000 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='秒杀库存表';

--初始化数据
INSERT  INTO seckill(name,stock,start_time,end_time)
VALUES ('1000元秒杀iphone x','100','2018-05-04 00:00:00','2018-05-05 00:00:00'),
       ('500元秒杀ipad x','200','2018-05-04 00:00:00','2018-05-05 00:00:00'),
       ('300元秒杀小米4','300','2018-05-04 00:00:00','2018-05-05 00:00:00'),
       ('200元秒杀小米note','400','2018-05-04 00:00:00','2018-05-05 00:00:00');

--秒杀成功明细表
CREATE TABLE success_killed(
  `seckill_id` bigint NOT NULL COMMENT '秒杀商品id',
  `user_phone` VARCHAR(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户手机号',
  `state` tinyint NOT NULL DEFAULT -1 COMMENT '状态标志:-1:无效 0:成功 1:已付款',
  `create_time` TIMESTAMP NOT NULL COMMENT '创建时间',
  PRIMARY KEY (seckill_id,user_phone),/*联合主键*/
  key idx_create_time(create_time)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1000 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='秒杀成功明细表';

--连接数据库的控制台
mysql -u root -p

3.DAO层实体与接口编码

数据库与实体类映射

3.1MyBatis 实现DAO接口的方式

3.2 基于mybatis实现DAO接口-1

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!--配置全局属性-->
<configuration>
    <settings>
        <!-- changes from the defaults for testing -->
        <setting name="cacheEnabled" value="false" />
        <!--使用jdbc 的getGeneratedKeys 获取数据库自增主键值-->
        <setting name="useGeneratedKeys" value="true" />
        <!--使用列别名 替换列名 默认true 复制到对应的entity属性中
          select name as tile from table
        -->
        <setting name="useColumnLable" value="true"/>
        <!--开启驼峰命名转化-->
        <setting name="mapUnderscoreCameCase" value="true"/>
        <!--REUSE 执行器会重用预处理语句-->
        <setting name="defaultExecutorType" value="REUSE" />
    </settings>
</configuration>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="org.seckill.dao.SecKillDao">
    <!--目的:为DAO方法提供SQL语句配置
        parameter-type不用给
        #与$的区别
        预编译
        1.#{} 解析为一个 JDBC 预编译语句(prepared statement)的参数标记符。
        会被解析为 ?占位符 动态SQL-会对SQL进行动态解析,解析为一个BoundSql对象

        变量替换
        2.${} 仅仅为一个纯粹的 string 替换,在动态 SQL 解析阶段将会进行变量替换
        3.#{}的变量的替换是在 DBMS 中。

        4.${} 在预编译之前已经被变量替换了,这会存在 sql 注入问题
        5.表名是不能带''号的,所以使用${} 防止出现变量替换后表名带''

    -->
    <update id="reduceStock">
        <!--具体sql-->
        UPDATE
        seckill
        SET
        stock = stock - 1
        WHERE
        seckill_id = #{secKillId}
        AND
        start_time <![CDATA[<=]]> #{killTime}
        AND
        end_time >= #{killTime}
        and stock > 0
    </update>

    <select id="queryById" resultType="SecKill" parameterType="long">
         SELECT
         seckill_id as seckillId,name,stock,start_time,end_time,create_time
         from seckill
         where
         seckill_id = #{secKillId}
    </select>

    <select id="queryAll" resultType="SecKill" parameterType="int">
         SELECT
         seckill_id as seckillId,name,stock,start_time,end_time,create_time
         from seckill
         order by create_time desc
         limit #{offset},${limit}
    </select>

</mapper>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="org.seckill.dao.SuccessKilledDao">
   <insert id="insertSuccessKilled" >
      <!--如果出现重复,主键冲突,直接产生一个错误-->
      INSERT ignore INTO
      success_killed(seckill_id,user_phone)
      VALUES
      (#{secKillId},#{userPhone})
   </insert>

    <select id="queryByIdWithSecKill" resultType="SuccessKilled" >
        <!--根据id查询SuccessKilled并携带SecKill实体-->
        <!--如何告诉mybatis 把结果映射到SuccessKilled的同时映射secKill 属性-->
        <!--可以自由控制SQL 优化等-->
        SELECT
        sk.seckill_id,
        sk.user_phone,
        sk.create_time,
        sk.state,
        sc.seckill_id as "secKill.seckill_id",
        sc.name as "secKill.name",
        sc.stock as "secKill.stock",
        sc.start_time as "secKill.start_time",
        sc.end_time as "sceKill.end_time",
        sc.create_time as "secKill.create_time"
        FROM
        success_killed sk
        INNER  JOIN
        seckill sc on sk.seckill_id = sc.seckill_id
        WHERE sk.seckill_id = #{secKillId}

    </select>
</mapper>
package org.seckill.domain;

import java.util.Date;

/**
 * 秒杀-库存表 entity
 */
public class SecKill {
    private long seckillId; //秒杀-商品id
    private String name;    //秒杀-商品名字
    private int stock;      //秒杀-商品库存
    private Date startTime; //秒杀-开始时间
    private Date endTime;   //秒杀-结束时间
    private Date createTime; //秒杀-商品新建时间

    public long getSeckillId() {
        return seckillId;
    }

    public void setSeckillId(long seckillId) {
        this.seckillId = seckillId;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getStock() {
        return stock;
    }

    public void setStock(int stock) {
        this.stock = stock;
    }

    public Date getStartTime() {
        return startTime;
    }

    public void setStartTime(Date startTime) {
        this.startTime = startTime;
    }

    public Date getEndTime() {
        return endTime;
    }

    public void setEndTime(Date endTime) {
        this.endTime = endTime;
    }

    public Date getCreateTime() {
        return createTime;
    }

    public void setCreateTime(Date createTime) {
        this.createTime = createTime;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "SecKill{" +
                "seckillId=" + seckillId +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", stock=" + stock +
                ", startTime=" + startTime +
                ", endTime=" + endTime +
                ", createTime=" + createTime +
                '}';
    }
}

package org.seckill.domain;

import java.util.Date;

/**
 * 成功秒杀明细表-SuccessKilled
 */
public class SuccessKilled {
    private long secKillId;    //秒杀-成功的商品id
    private String userPhone;  //秒杀-成功的用户手机号
    private short state;       //秒杀-明细状态
    private Date createTime;   //秒杀-秒杀成功的时间

    //one(被秒杀商品)-to-many(秒杀记录)
    private SecKill secKill;

    public long getSecKillId() {
        return secKillId;
    }

    public void setSecKillId(long secKillId) {
        this.secKillId = secKillId;
    }

    public String getUserPhone() {
        return userPhone;
    }

    public void setUserPhone(String userPhone) {
        this.userPhone = userPhone;
    }

    public short getState() {
        return state;
    }

    public void setState(short state) {
        this.state = state;
    }

    public Date getCreateTime() {
        return createTime;
    }

    public void setCreateTime(Date createTime) {
        this.createTime = createTime;
    }

    public SecKill getSecKill() {
        return secKill;
    }

    public void setSecKill(SecKill secKill) {
        this.secKill = secKill;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "SuccessKilled{" +
                "secKillId=" + secKillId +
                ", userPhone='" + userPhone + '\'' +
                ", state=" + state +
                ", createTime=" + createTime +
                '}';
    }
}
package org.seckill.dao;

import org.seckill.domain.SecKill;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * 常用的操作
 */

public interface SecKillDao {
    /**
     * 功能:减库存
     * @param secKillId
     * @param killTime create_time?
     * @return 如果影响行数>1,表示更新的记录行数
     */
    int reduceStock(long secKillId,Date killTime);

    /**
     * 根据秒杀商品id查询秒杀商品详情
     * @param secKillId
     * @return
     */
    SecKill queryById(long secKillId);

    /**
     * 根据偏移量查询秒杀商品列表,
     * @param offset
     * @param limit
     * @return
     */
    List<SecKill> queryAll(int offset,int limit);

}

package org.seckill.dao;

import org.seckill.domain.SuccessKilled;

public interface SuccessKilledDao {
    /**
     * 功能:新增用户秒杀明细
     * @param secKillId
     * @param userPhone
     * @return 插入的行数,禁止插入表示插入失败 则返回0
     */
    int insertSuccessKilled(long secKillId,long userPhone);

    /**
     * 功能:根据明细id查询具体的秒杀明细并携带秒杀商品对象
     * @param secKillId
     * @return
     */
    SuccessKilled queryByIdWithSecKill(long secKillId);
}

MyBatis整合Spring

整合的目标:

更少的编码、只写接口、不写实现

2.DAO层接口声明能显示说明很多事情

轻量级显式接口声明

更少的配置-别名

image.png

使用spring 提供的package-scan 扫描实体包下的所有实体类。可以简写resultType

更少的配置-配置扫描

<mapper resource="mapper/SecKillDao.xml">....

足够的灵活性

image.png

5.DAO层接口设计与SQL编写的反思

DAO - data access object 数据访问层的简称
这一层我们主要做的是核心数据操作的接口声明,以及SQL编写,并没有涉及到Service 业务逻辑层代码的编写。这样做的好处是什么呢?
主要有以下三点

接下来详解mybatis 与 spring 整合编码的过程

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