Docker --- Debian/Ubuntu
2019-03-12 本文已影响0人
李凈海
Debian/Ubuntu
Debian和Ubuntu都是目前较为流行的Debian系的服务器操作系统，在Docker Hub上都可以直接搜索到官方版。
搜索Debian
--------------------------------------------------------------------
[docker@localhost]$ sudo docker search debian
INDEX NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
docker.io docker.io/ubuntu Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating s... 7868 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/debian Debian is a Linux distribution that's comp... 2626 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/google/debian 53 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/arm32v7/debian Debian is a Linux distribution that's comp... 36
docker.io docker.io/armhf/debian Debian is a Linux distribution that's comp... 31
docker.io docker.io/itscaro/debian-ssh debian:jessie 23 [OK]
...
--------------------------------------------------------------------
搜索Ubuntu
Ubuntu相关的镜像有很多，因此这里使用【-s】参数，只搜索那些被收藏10次以上的镜像。
--------------------------------------------------------------------
[docker@localhost ~]$ sudo docker search -s 10 ubuntu
INDEX NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
docker.io docker.io/ubuntu Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating s... 7868 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/dorowu/ubuntu-desktop-lxde-vnc Ubuntu with openssh-server and NoVNC 190 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/rastasheep/ubuntu-sshd Dockerized SSH service, built on top of of... 156 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/ansible/ubuntu14.04-ansible Ubuntu 14.04 LTS with ansible 93 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/ubuntu-upstart Upstart is an event-based replacement for ... 87 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/neurodebian NeuroDebian provides neuroscience research... 50 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/ubuntu-debootstrap debootstrap --variant=minbase --components... 38 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/1and1internet/ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5 ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5 36 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/nuagebec/ubuntu Simple always updated Ubuntu docker images... 23 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/tutum/ubuntu Simple Ubuntu docker images with SSH access 18
docker.io docker.io/i386/ubuntu Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating s... 13
docker.io docker.io/ppc64le/ubuntu Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating s... 12
docker.io docker.io/1and1internet/ubuntu-16-apache-php-7.0 ubuntu-16-apache-php-7.0 10 [OK]
--------------------------------------------------------------------
根据搜索出来的结果，用户可以自行选择下载镜像并使用。
下面就以Ubuntu15.10为例，让我们进去一个Docker版的Ubuntu:15.10操作系统来体验一下。
使用【-ti】参数进入，查看Ubuntu的版本号：
--------------------------------------------------------------------
[docker@localhost ~]$ sudo docker run -ti ubuntu:15.10 /bin/bash
root@306a1f080fc5:/# cat /etc/os-release
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION="15.10 (Wily Werewolf)"
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 15.10"
VERSION_ID="15.10"
HOME_URL="http://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="http://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="http://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
--------------------------------------------------------------------
当我们试图安装一个curl软件的时候，会提示：Unable to locate package curl。因为，Docker镜像为了精简镜像容量，默认删除了这些信息，需要我们使用apt-get update命令更新一次，大家也可以自己编辑/etc/apt/sources.list文件，将默认的软件源更改为国内的源：
--------------------------------------------------------------------
root@2c3967885444:/# apt-get install curl
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package curl
--------------------------------------------------------------------
更新源之后就可以安装软件了：
--------------------------------------------------------------------
root@2c3967885444:/# apt-get update
Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com vivid InRelease
Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com vivid-updates InRelease
Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com vivid-security InRelease
Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com vivid Release.gpg
Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com vivid-updates Release.gpg
Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com vivid-security Release.gpg
Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com vivid Release
Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com vivid-updates Release
Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com vivid-security Release
...
root@2c3967885444:/# apt-get install curl
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
...
root@2c3967885444:/# curl
curl: try 'curl --help' or 'curl --manual' for more information
--------------------------------------------------------------------
接下来，我们来用curl访问百度网站(注意，这里我的是可以访问外网，如果有同学不能访问外网，可以安装apache来测试)。
--------------------------------------------------------------------
root@172e3d6f55b3:~# curl www.baidu.com
<!DOCTYPE html>
<!--STATUS OK--><html> <head><meta http-equiv=content-type content=text/html;charset=utf-8><meta http-equiv=X-UA-Compatible content=IE=Edge><meta content=always name=referrer><link rel=stylesheet type=text/css href=http://s1.bdstatic.com/r/www/cache/bdorz/baidu.min.css><title>百度一下，你就知道</title></head> <body link=#0000cc> <div id=wrapper> <div id=head> <div class=head_wrapper> <div class=s_form> <div class=s_form_wrapper> <div id=lg> <img hidefocus=true src=//www.baidu.com/img/bd_logo1.png width=270 height=129> </div>
...
--------------------------------------------------------------------
