Requests发送带cookies请求

一、缘 起

最近学习【悠悠课堂】的接口自动化教程，文中提到Requests发送带cookies请求的方法，笔者随之也将其用于手头实际项目中，大致如下

二、背 景

实际需求是监控平台侧下发消息有无异常，如有异常便触发报警推送邮件，项目中下发消息接口需要带cookies

三、说 明

脚本的工程名为ynJxhdSendMsg，大致结构如下图

脚本结构

1. sendMsg.py为主程序，函数checkMsg为在已发消息列表中查找已下发消息，函数sendMsg为发消息并根据结果返回对应的标识
2. sendAlertEmail.py为发送邮件程序，在sendMsg.py中根据不同标识调用sendAlertEmail.py下的send_alert_email函数发报警邮件

四、实 现

• 【重点】发请求之前先加载cookies，方法如下

~
......
~
# 加载cookies
# 第一步，引入RequestsCookieJar()
coo = requests.cookies.RequestsCookieJar()
# 第二步，设置cookies参数，coo.set('key', 'value')
coo.set('__utma', '82342229.1946326147.***.1545556722.1545556733.4')
coo.set('JSESSIONID', 'D898010550***ADB0600BF31FF')
# 第三步，引入seeeion()，并update
sess = requests.session()
sess.cookies.update(coo)
~
......
~

• sendMsg.py

1. 发送带当前时间戳的特定消息，在发送成功后便于通过时间戳检索
2. 函数checkMsg为在已发消息列表中查找已下发消息
3. 函数sendMsg为发消息并根据结果返回对应的标识
4. 导入sendAlertEmail模块的send_alert_email方法，在sendMsg.py中根据不同标识调用send_alert_email函数发报警邮件

#!/usr/bin/python
# coding=utf-8
# author: 葛木瓜
# 2018.12.20

import requests
import time
import re
import sys
sys.path.append('./')
from sendAlertEmail import send_alert_email

now = time.strftime('%Y.%m.%d %H:%M:%S')  # 获取当前时间
sendMsg_url = 'http://*.*.*.*/interactive/sendMessage.action'
msgList_url = 'http://*.*.*.*/interactive/sendedMessageList.action'
headers = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:56.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/56.0',
    'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
    }
payload = {
    'showFlag': '0',
    'type': '1',
    'fsnl': 'on',
    'receiversId_': '63110542',
    'receiveName': '9705家长;',
    'content': 'Test msg sending,time ' + now,
    'templateType': '1',
    'addTeachername': '0',
    'isGreed': '0',
    'send': '1',
    'startDayTime': '2018-12-20',
    'hourss': '22',
    'munit': '29',
    'selectRole': '2',
    'receiversIds': '63110542',
    'templateFlag': '0'
}

# 加载cookies
coo = requests.cookies.RequestsCookieJar()
coo.set('__utma', '82342229.1946326147.***.1545556722.1545556733.4')
coo.set('JSESSIONID', 'D898010550***ADB0600BF31FF')
sess = requests.session()
sess.cookies.update(coo)


def checkMsg():
    """
    在已发送短信列表检查已发送短信
    :return:
    """
    i = 1
    while True:
        try:
            cm_resp = sess.get(msgList_url, headers=headers, allow_redirects=False)
        except Exception as e:
            return str(e)
        else:
            time.sleep(1)
            cm_key = re.findall('Test msg sending,time33 ' + now, cm_resp.text)
            i += 1
            if i <= 30:
                if len(cm_key):
                    break
            else:
                cm_key = ['More than 30 times,no result']
                break
    print('Request %d times' % i)
    return cm_key


def sendMsg():
    """
    send message
    :return:
    """
    try:
        resp = sess.post(sendMsg_url, headers=headers, data=payload, allow_redirects=False)
    except Exception as e:
        return str(e)
    else:
        if resp.status_code == 200:
            key = re.findall('通知发送已成功', resp.text)
            cm_key = checkMsg()
            # print(key, cm_key)
            if len(key) and len(cm_key):
                if cm_key[0] == 'Test msg sending,time ' + now:
                    return 200
                elif cm_key[0] == 'More than 30 times,no result':
                    return 'More than 30 times,no result'
                else:
                    # print('Check Msg connect fail:' + str(cm_key))
                    return 'Check Msg connect fail: ' + cm_key
        elif resp.status_code == 302:
            return 302
        else:
            return resp.status_code


if __name__ == '__main__':

    receiver = ['**@***.com']  # 收件人邮件列表
    status = sendMsg()
    print(status)
    if status == 200:
        alert_content = "normal"
        print('Test Success!')
    elif status == 'More than 30 times,no result':
        alert_content = "短信已发送，查询已发状态失败！"
    elif 'Check Msg connect fail:' in str(status):
        alert_content = "短信已发送，无法查询已发状态，报错信息：%s" % status.split(':')[-1]
    elif status == 302:
        alert_content = "Session失效，请重新获取'JSESSIONID'！"
    else:
        alert_content = "短信下发失败，报错信息：%s" % status
    if alert_content != "normal":
        send_alert_email(receiver, alert_content)

• sendAlertEmail.py，方法较常见，此处略

五、最 后

完成以上，将脚本放在jenkins上定时构建，即可实现实时监控平台侧消息下发情况并及时反馈报警邮件的需求

OK！

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不积跬步，无以至千里