程序猿阵线联盟-汇总各类技术干货探索MybatisJava服务端面试

Mybatis源码分析-整体设计(一)

2018-08-27  本文已影响5人  Real_man

SSM是目前常见的构建Web项目的方案,Mybatis是其中重要的一环,如果能深刻的理解Mybatis的内部原理,对我们会有极大的帮助,接下来一起看看Mybatis的内部设计。

准备

  1. 搭建Mybatis的基本运行环境,参考Mybatis入门

  2. 贴上自己的代码

public static void main(String[] args) {
        SqlSession sqlSession = null;
        try {
            InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis.xml");
            SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);

            // 查询数据库内容
            sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
            User user = sqlSession.selectOne("me.aihe.dao.UserMapper.selectUser",1);
            System.out.println(user);

            // 插入数据库内容

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            if (sqlSession != null) {
                sqlSession.close();
            }
        }
    }

分析

  1. 获取Mybatis的配置文件,内部通过ClassLoader加载文件流,这一步需要对Classloader有一定的理解,里面相对简单,就不多说了
Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis.xml");
  1. 创建SqlSessionFactory, 通过JDK内部的w3c解析配置文件的内容,封装到Configration对象中,最后通过Configuration来创建DefaultSqlSessionFactory.
  public SqlSessionFactory build(InputStream inputStream, String environment, Properties properties) {
    try {
      XMLConfigBuilder parser = new XMLConfigBuilder(inputStream, environment, properties);
      return build(parser.parse());
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw ExceptionFactory.wrapException("Error building SqlSession.", e);
    } finally {
      ErrorContext.instance().reset();
      try {
        inputStream.close();
      } catch (IOException e) {
        // Intentionally ignore. Prefer previous error.
      }
    }
  }
    
  public SqlSessionFactory build(Configuration config) {
    return new DefaultSqlSessionFactory(config);
  }
  1. 通过SqlSessionFactory创建SqlSession对象
image.png image.png
 @Override
  public SqlSession openSession() {
    return openSessionFromDataSource(configuration.getDefaultExecutorType(), null, false);
  }
  
  private SqlSession openSessionFromDataSource(ExecutorType execType, TransactionIsolationLevel level, boolean autoCommit) {
    Transaction tx = null;
    try {
      // 获取配置的
      final Environment environment = configuration.getEnvironment();
      final TransactionFactory transactionFactory = getTransactionFactoryFromEnvironment(environment);
      tx = transactionFactory.newTransaction(environment.getDataSource(), level, autoCommit);
      final Executor executor = configuration.newExecutor(tx, execType);
      return new DefaultSqlSession(configuration, executor, autoCommit);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      closeTransaction(tx); // may have fetched a connection so lets call close()
      throw ExceptionFactory.wrapException("Error opening session.  Cause: " + e, e);
    } finally {
      ErrorContext.instance().reset();
    }
  }
  1. SqlSession通过key获取到与key绑定的sql语句,并且执行,最后获取到结果。这步内部可以细分
sqlSession.selectOne("me.aihe.dao.UserMapper.selectUser",1);

selectOne内部调用的是selectList的函数,selectList函数内部,首先获取到key对应的MappedStatement,然后通过Executor查询MapperStatement。

在解析配置的时候建立key与MappedStatement映射关系的

@Override
  public <E> List<E> selectList(String statement, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds) {
    try {
      MappedStatement ms = configuration.getMappedStatement(statement);
      return executor.query(ms, wrapCollection(parameter), rowBounds, Executor.NO_RESULT_HANDLER);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw ExceptionFactory.wrapException("Error querying database.  Cause: " + e, e);
    } finally {
      ErrorContext.instance().reset();
    }
  }
  1. 不同的executor内部的查询方法不同,后面我们详细讲解不同的executor。这次先看SimpleExecutor.
  @Override
  public <E> List<E> query(MappedStatement ms, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler) throws SQLException {
    BoundSql boundSql = ms.getBoundSql(parameter);
    CacheKey key = createCacheKey(ms, parameter, rowBounds, boundSql);
    return query(ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, key, boundSql);
 }
 
 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  @Override
  public <E> List<E> query(MappedStatement ms, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, CacheKey key, BoundSql boundSql) throws SQLException {
    ErrorContext.instance().resource(ms.getResource()).activity("executing a query").object(ms.getId());
    if (closed) {
      throw new ExecutorException("Executor was closed.");
    }
    if (queryStack == 0 && ms.isFlushCacheRequired()) {
      clearLocalCache();
    }
    List<E> list;
    try {
      queryStack++;
      list = resultHandler == null ? (List<E>) localCache.getObject(key) : null;
      if (list != null) {
        handleLocallyCachedOutputParameters(ms, key, parameter, boundSql);
      } else {
        list = queryFromDatabase(ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, key, boundSql);
      }
    } finally {
      queryStack--;
    }
    if (queryStack == 0) {
      for (DeferredLoad deferredLoad : deferredLoads) {
        deferredLoad.load();
      }
      // issue #601
      deferredLoads.clear();
      if (configuration.getLocalCacheScope() == LocalCacheScope.STATEMENT) {
        // issue #482
        clearLocalCache();
      }
    }
    return list;
  }

  1. query方法中真正的查询交给子类的doQuery,而SimpleExecutor的doQuery如下
@Override
  public <E> List<E> doQuery(MappedStatement ms, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, BoundSql boundSql) throws SQLException {
    Statement stmt = null;
    try {
      Configuration configuration = ms.getConfiguration();
      StatementHandler handler = configuration.newStatementHandler(wrapper, ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql);
      stmt = prepareStatement(handler, ms.getStatementLog());
      return handler.<E>query(stmt, resultHandler);
    } finally {
      closeStatement(stmt);
    }
  }
  1. StatementHandler内部的调用,结果集处理使用的是DefaultResultSetHandler,内部ResultSet的处理属于JDBC的知识,想看懂Mybatis,对JDBC也要有一定的理解
image.png
  1. 获取到结果返回给我们
User user = sqlSession.selectOne("me.aihe.dao.UserMapper.selectUser",1);

回顾

这次大致看了下Mybatis的基本执行流程,涉及到了几个关键的类

创建SqlSessionFactory -> 获取SqlSession -> 获取->MappedStatement -> 获取StatementHandler同时创建Statement -> 执行Statement -> 使用ResultSet处理执行的结果,处理结果根据Mapperr.xml文件中指定的类型映射最终实现ORM功能

总结

Mybatis的过程相比Spring MVC更直观一些,不过需要熟悉JDBC的知识,内部还有一些细节,后续继续研究

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