语法七要素（五）动词的时态
2022-03-30 本文已影响0人
thisissirz
谓语动词和非谓语就此分开
能用形式单独表时态的就是谓语，否则就是非谓语形式。
| 原形 | 第三人称单数 | 现在分词 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 不定式 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| do | does | doing | did | done | to do |
| be | is | being | was/were | been | to be |
| have | has | having | had | had | to have |
| will | - | - | would | - | - |
动词的时态= 时间 + 状态
| 时间\状态 | 一般 | 进行be | 完成have | 完成进行have been |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 将来 will | 一般将来时 will do | 将来将来进行时 will be doing | 将来完成时 will have done | 将来完成进行时 will have been doing |
| 现在 | 一般现在时 do | 现在进行时 am/are/is doing | 现在完成时have done | 现在完成进行时 have been doing |
| 过去 | 一般过去时 did | 过去进行时 was/were doing | 过去完成时 had done | 过去进行完成时 had been doing |
| 过去将来 would | 过去将来时 would do | 过去将来进行时 would be doing | 过去将来完成时 would have done | 过去将来完成进行时 would have been doing |
特殊说明：所有的时态形式都是在助动词的基础上改变动词原有的形式或增加新的助动词拓展而来。
【所有英语句式最多可涉及到的动词时态变化】
第一人称I为主语，do代指谓语的变化；be代指系动词的变化
【天下间所有句子的时态形式尽皆与此】
| 时间\状态 | 一般 | 进行be | 完成have | 完成进行have been |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 将来 will | I will do. He will be | I will be doing | I will have done | I will have been doing |
| 现在 | I do. He does. I am. You are. She is. | I am doing. You are doing. He is doing | I have done. He has done. You have been. She has been | I have been doing. He has been doing |
| 过去 | I did. I was. You were | I was doing. You were doing | I had done. She had been | I had been doing |
| 过去将来would | I would do. He would be | I would be doing | I would have done. He would have been | I would have been doing |
