巨人的工具(用书指南—part2)
原文翻译:
是什么使这些人与众不同
“衡量一个人的水平不是看他的回答,而是看他提出的问题。“
——彼埃尔·马克·加斯东
这些世界级的表演艺术家没有所谓的超能力。
虽然他们精心制定的这些规则是有一定的弹性(换句话说:不会使规则太过于死板),不过他们也学会了驾驭规则,而不是被那些规则所绑架,我相信你也能做到。这些规则通常是些不同寻常的习惯和一些看似荒谬的问题。
在这些令人惊讶的案例中,这种力量是非常荒谬的。越是荒谬,越是不可能的问题,答案越是深刻。那么这里举个例子,亿万富翁彼得·蒂尔喜欢问自己和他人一个问题:
“如果你有一个如何达到目标的十年计划,你应该反问自己:为什么我不能用6个月去做这项计划?”。
为了说明此问题的意图,我可能要修改一下刚才的问题,“如果你用枪顶着你的脑袋,什么将促使你在6月之内完成你打算用十年时间去完成的目标?”
现在,让我们先暂停一下。那么我难道是希望你花10秒钟时间去考虑刚才的问题,然后能在接下来的几个月的时间神奇般地完成你需要用10年完成的梦想计划吗?答案显然是否定,但我想这个问题将会打破你的原有思维模式。就像蝴蝶利用新的能力冲破茧蛹来摆脱束缚一样。存在于你思想中的标准模式和强加于你的社会规则,这些标准模式——当你来回答上面的问题时,是起不了作用的。而现在你用另一种思维模式强行地去摆脱那些原有的人为束缚,就像你蜕了一层皮一样,现在你可以意识到自己有能力去重新审视你一直认为的现实世界了。而这个小改变,仅仅是你通过练习就可以做到的。
我是想让你可以通过寻找这些最荒谬的问题来读这本书。例如,在本书的224页,你可以通过30分钟的思想交流意识日志就可能改变你的生活。
最重要的是,这个世界就是一个金矿,你需要通过那些已经挖到金子的人去掘金。请记住,“问题”就是你的掘金铲和竞争优势。这本书将会给你一个可供选择的武器库。
PED(performance-enhancing details ) 增加执行力的细节
对我来说,当组织起所有材料的时候,我没有去想繁复的程序步骤。
我会去想那个熟了快要落地的水果作为即时回报。想起这些提高执行力细节里面的小方法。他们可能要增加任何的训练规则来为这个执行过程增加动力和激情。
幸运的是,10倍的回报不一定要付出10倍的努力。大改变来自于小的地方。为了能显著地改变自己,你不需要去跑上100英里,获得一个博士学位,或者是彻底的改变自己。刚开始可能是一个很小的事情,但只要我们坚持地去做,就会成为一件伟大的事。例如,心理治疗大师塔拉·布莱克每个季度的“红色”组合:引导性冥想,战略性斋戒和外源性酮体(酮类能使人兴奋)。
“工具”在这本书中的定义是广泛的。它可以包括一些常规,手册,常见的自我对话,补充,喜欢的问题甚至更多。
他们都有哪些共同点?
在这本书中,你会很自然地去找那些相同的习惯和一些推荐建议,不错,你应该去寻找!下面就有一些,甚至有的更为不可思议:
■ 超过80%的受访者都有每天静坐和冥想的习惯(类似于打坐和佛家的坐禅)
■ 在男性中,有个惊人的数字,超过45个人从来不吃早餐或者只吃一点点
■ 很多人在睡觉前喜欢用ChiliPad的床垫使自己平静下来,这样能很好的进入睡眠。(ChiliPad的床垫可以在约7摄氏度到46摄氏度之间进行调节,有点像我们冬天用的电热毯,只是电热毯不可以降温罢了,呵呵)
■ 他们中很多人对《人类简史》,《穷查理宝典》,《影响力》和《寻找生命的意义》这些书给予高度的评价。
■ 重复的听一首歌是为了集中注意力
■ 几乎每一个人利用自己的时间和少量的钱去完成一个项目,然后去寻找能看中的买主(我们也可以理解为,利用闲暇时间给自己充电,提高自己,然后可以找到更好的老板,使自己更有价值)
■ 要相信“不可能一直失败”或是其他类似的信念。
■ 几乎每一个被采访者都有一种将劣势转化成优势的能力。
当然了,我将帮助你将这些零碎的点连起来,但这本书的价值远不止这些。一些最具鼓舞的工作方法你可以在目录里找到。我希望你能去找适合你个性的异类。请留意那些不同寻常的经历,就像谢卡尔从工人变成YouTube的网络红人,他在YouTube上有自己的专栏,而且这些专栏市值将近10亿美元。多样性其实是有相容性的。一个软件工程师可能会说:“那不是一个漏洞,这是属于它的一个特征而已!”
自由地借鉴,独特地结合,然后才能创造出属于自己的未来蓝图!
“自助餐”式的工具书——如何充分利用好这本书
法则#1:自由地跳读(看你想看的)
我希望你跳过任何一个提不起你兴趣的东西。这本书应该读起来轻松有趣,就像你可以轻松自由地享用自助餐一样,挑那些你喜欢的。没有必要挨个地去看。如果你不喜欢吃虾,那就不要吃那该死的虾。选择你自己喜欢的冒险路线去使用这本书,我也是选择了一条自己喜欢的路线去写这本书的。我有一个心愿:这本书有50%你能喜欢,20%的你能爱上,10%能让你终身难忘。这就是为什么:对于数百万的博客听众和曾经那些校对这本书的人来说,这些“50/25/10”最精彩的地方是完全不一样的,每个人心里都有自己的那“50/25/10”。想到这,我欣喜若狂。
我将不同类型的牛人收录于这本书中——这些都是将自己的事做到极致的牛人——请校对同一个描述,然后回答我的问题:“哪10%你将一定会保留,而哪10%你又会去除?”其实经常会出现:你确定会保留下来的10%是别人要必须要去除掉的。所以这不是一个“适合你,就一定适合所有人”的策略。我希望你舍弃大量你不喜欢的,去看那些你感兴趣的。
法则#2 不要盲目地跳读
总之,你要对那些跳读的部分做一个简短的体会笔记。也许是书中某个角落不起眼的一句话或是显眼的标题。
也许是这些跳跃和滑过的部分恰恰可以解决了你生活中的盲点,瓶颈和困惑的问题呢?不错,对我来说,的确是这样的!
如果你决定轻易地放过一些东西,那么请你注意,当你在以后偶尔想起来的时候,你要问你自己:“为什么我会跳过它” 是不是它使你反感了?看起来和你不相称了?看起来太困难了?你是否能想通,然后做到,或者是否它就是从父母和其他人那里遗传过来所得到的一个影子而已?其实,这些都很正常,就连我们的信仰都不是我们自己的!
这本书练习的部分是让你怎样去创造一个新的自我,而不是去寻找你自己。对于后者是有其价值所在的,但它主要是过去式:是一个后视镜(只能往后看)。而现在我们应该去找挡风玻璃(往前看),去帮助我们到达想去的地方。
谨记两条规则
我最近来到路易·阿拉贡旧居,它是塞纳河边上的避暑纳凉之角,在这里我正和一群来自巴黎美国艺术学院正在写作的学生一起郊游。期间,有一位女性把我拉到一旁,然后问我这本书中我希望传达的核心是什么。当时我没有直接回答她的问题,过了一会儿,于是我们又回到刚才大家轮流讨论的话题:说出把自己如何带到那儿的曲折路径(自己想去的地方)。几乎每一个人曾经都有一个想去巴黎的故事,在某些情况下,可能有些人要经历30—40年才能完成,当然这种假设不可能(只要你想去,根本用不到30年就可以做到)。
一边听着他们的故事,一边拿出些草稿纸记下要刚才问题的答案。在这本书中,我想传达的核心:
1.如果你收集了正确且实地验证过的信念和习惯,那么无论你怎样定义成功,你都可以完成你的目标。还有些人做过之前你做成功过的模版,并且经常还有许多人做过和你类似的东西。但是你可能要问:“那到底是谁第一个尝试这种方法的,就像到底是谁第一个发现新大陆的?”不要问这些,因为这些就是成功的食谱。你先看看三种风格的帝国建筑,再来看看建筑大师罗伯·摩斯生活中最大的决策,或许你会容易地发现在那个时候被认为不可能的事很快成为了一件伟大的事情。(站在巨人的肩膀上)这就是一个可供你借用的共享DNA。
2.在你心目中的超级英雄(偶像,牛人,亿万富翁等等),他们几乎都有缺陷,而这些缺陷最终恰恰变成了他们1到2种最强的优势。人类本身就是一个不完美的物种。你不成功是因为你没有缺点;你成功了,是因为你发现了独特的力量,并且将注意力放在发展你的爱好上。为了更清楚地表达我的意思,我故意放了两个部分在这本书中(197页 和 616页)让你想想:“哇,蒂莫西·费里斯生活原来一团糟,他是怎样在困境中完成每件事的? ”每个人正在打一场你不了解的战斗。本书中的英雄无一例外。请把这慰藉放进去,和你一起打赢这场战斗。
译者笔记:
这段开头就说了“问题”的重要性,的确要看一个人的能力就是看他提出的问题。因为最终的答案是由你解决怎样的“问题”而得到的,换句话说一个好的问题会引出成千上百条的回答,而一个平庸的“问题”,它的答案通常是单一无趣的,也就不会促使我们去解答,也就不会有精彩的回答。作者建议我们通过这些所谓“荒谬的问题”来读这本书,来使用这样一个武器库。“问题”就是我们的掘金铲,就是我们的打开财富大门的钥匙!
我们在做一件比较困难的事的时候,首先我们要想一些激励我们自己的因素,这些因素可以大点,也可以小点,比如新鲜的水果。我们可以通过改变一些小细节来起到四两拨千斤的功效。只要我们坚持不懈地做,就会有一番成就。一切从小事,从细节做起。本书中的“工具”其实含义很多,包括了很多东西,它正是我们的一个万能武器库。
这本书中有很多看似不可思议的行为习惯,但是细想起来,其实是很有道理的,而且有时候只有你亲自去尝试才了会知道。这些习惯和建议不是答案和标准,而是让我们换一种思维去考虑问题。我们要将书中那些适合自己的一些习惯和建议纳入我们的认知体系中去,去创建一个属于自己的思维体系系统和行为习惯,这样才是作者希望看到的和这本书真的价值所在!
作者给出的两条法则看似矛盾其实并不矛盾,那些和你原来认知体系能相融的东西固然能和你产生共鸣,你也因此更为确信你原来的认知体系。但还有一些是和你格格不入的,这些东西我们刚开始可能非常地排斥,不能接受,可是我们如果只接受那些能和你相融的东西,而不去试着接受那些刚开始让你讨厌的东西,那么我们永远是在找原来的自己,而不是去创造一个新的自己。认知体系的建立其实就是:打破原来的体系格局,不断地放进新的认知,然后重新建构的一个过程。虽然这个过程非常的痛苦,每次都会看见一个不完美的自己,每次都是伤痕累累,但是有一句话说的好:“不够完美又何妨,万物皆有裂痕,那是光进来的地方”!
作者写这本书的核心:1.站在巨人的肩膀上;2.没有人是完美的。首先我们要学习巨人的优点,借鉴他们那些特有的习惯,而且要大胆地去借鉴,去尝试,保留下最适合自己的,最终成为自己的一部分;要正视自己的缺点,不要害怕它,有些缺点就是你的一部分,没有必要为了别人而改掉,或许它会成为你的一个优势。我们应该将注意力放在那些我们可以改变和我们喜欢的东西上,没有必要为了完美而完美,因为你越想完美你越是不敢去改变自己,不断改变自己的过程本身就是一个不完美的过程!
原文:
WHAT MAKES THESE PEOPLE DIFFERENT
“Judge a man by his questions rather than his answers.”
—Pierre-Marc-Gaston
These world-class performers don’t have superpowers.
The rules they’ve crafted for themselves allow the bending of reality to such an extent that it may seem that way, but they’ve learned how to do this ,and so can you .these “rules” are often uncommon habits and bigger questions.
In a surprising number of cases ,the power is in the absurd. The more absurd , the more “impossible” the question , the more profound the answers . Take , for instance ,a question that serial billionaire Peter Thiel likes to ask himself and others:
“If you have a 10-year plan of how to get [somewhere], you should ask: Why can’t you do this in 6 months?”
For purposes of illustration here , I might reword that to :
“What might you do to accomplish your 10-year goals in the next 6 months ,if you had gun against your head?”
Now, let’s pause. Do I expect you to take 10 seconds to ponder this and then magically accomplish 10 years’ worth of dreams in the next few months? No, I don’t . But I do expect that the question will productively break your mind , like a butterfly shattering a chrysalis to emerge with new capabilities .The “normal” systems you have in place ,the social rules you’ve forced upon yourself , the standard frameworks—they don’t work when answering a question like this . You are forced to shed artificial constraints, like shedding skin , to realize that you had the ability to renegotiate your reality all along .It just takes practice.
My suggestion is that you spend real time with the questions you find most ridiculous in this book . Thirty minutes of stream-of-consciousness journaling(page 224) could change your life.
On top of that, while the world is a gold mine, you need to go digging in other people's heads to unearth riches. Questions are your pickaxes and competitive advantage. This book will give you an arsenal to choose from.
PERFORMANCE-ENHANCING DETAILS
When organizing all of the material for myself , I didn’t want an onerous 37-step program.
Wanted low-hanging fruit with immediate returns.Think of the bite-sized rules within these pages as PEDs—performance-enhancing details. They can be added to any training regimen (read here: different careers, personal preferences, unique responsibilities, etc.) to pour gasoline on the fire of progress .
Fortunately, 10X results don’t always require 10X effort. Big changes can come in small packages .To dramatically change your life , you don’t need to run a 100-mile race , get a PhD, or completely reinvent yourself. It’s the small things , done consistently ,that are the big things (e.g.( = for example), “red teaming” once per quarter, Tara Brach’s guided meditations, strategic fasting or exogenous ketones, etc.)
“Tool” is defined broadly in this book . It includes routines , books, common self-talk, supplements , favorite questions, and much more.
WHAT DO THEY HAVE IN COMMON
In this book , you’ll naturally look for common habits and recommendations , and you should,Here are a few patterns, some odder than others:
1.More than 80% of he interviewees have some form of daily mindfulness or meditation practice
2.A surprising number of males (nit females) over 45 never eat breakfast ,or eat only the scantiest of fare (e.g., Laird Hamilton, page 92; Malcolm Gladwell, page 572; General Stanley Mc-Chrystal, page 435)
3.Many use the ChiliPad device for cooling at bedtime
4.Rave reviews of the books Sapiens, Poor Charlie’s Almanack, Influence, and Man’s Search for Meaning ,among others
5.The habit of listening to single songs on repeat for focus(page 507)
6. Nearly everyone has done some form of “spec ”work (completing projects on their own time and dime ,then submitting them to prospective buyers)
7.The belief that “failure is not durable”(see Robert Rodriguez, page 628)
8.Almost every guest has been able to take obvious”weaknesses” and turn them into huge competitive advantages(see Arnold Schwarzenegger, page 176)
Of course ,I will help you connect these dots, but that’s less than half of the value of this book . Some of the most encouraging workarounds are found in the outliers. I want you to look for the black sheep who fit your unique idiosyncrasies. Keep an eye out for the non-traditional paths, like Shay Carl’s journey from manual laborer to YouTube star to co-founder of a startup sold for nearly $1 billion(page 441). The variation is the consistency .As a software engineer might say,”That’s mot a bug .It’s a feature !”
Borrow liberally ,combine uniquely, and create your own bespoke blue print.
THIS BOOK IS A BUFFET— HERE’S HOW TO GET THE MOST OUT OF IT
RULE #1: SKIP LIBERALLY
I want you to skip anything that doesn’t grab you . This book should be fun to read ,and it’s a buffet to choose from .Don’t suffer through anything anything.If you bate shrimp, don’t eat the goddamn shrimp .Treat it as a choose-your-own-adventure guide, as that’s how I’ve written it . My goal is for each reader to like 50% , love 25%, and never forget10%Here’s why: For the millions who’ve heard the podcast, and the dozens who proofread this book, the 50/25/10 highlights are completely different for every person.It’s blown my mind.
I’ve even had multiple guests in this book —people who are the best at what they do — proofread the same profile , answering my predation of “Which 10% would you absolutely keep , and which 10% would you absolutely cut ?”Oftentimes, the 10% “must keep” of one person was the exact “must cut”of someone else! This is mot one-size-fits-all .I expect you to discard plenty .Read what you enjoy.
RULE#2:SKIP,BUT DO SO INTELLIGENTLY.
All that said, take abridge mental note of anything you skip. Perhaps put a little dot in the corner of the page or highlight the headline.
Perhaps it’s skipping and closing over precisely these topics or questions that has created blind spots , bottlenecks, and unresolved issues in your life? That was certainly true for me.
If you decide to flip past something, note it , return to it later at some point ,and ask yourself , “Why did I skip this ?” Did it offend you ?Seem beneath you ? Seem too difficult ?And did you arriver at that by thinking it through , or is it a reflection of biases inherited from your parents and others? Very often, “our” beliefs are not our own.
This type of practice is how you create yourself ,instead of seeding to discover yourself, There is value in the latter , but it’s mostly past-tense:It’s a rearview mirror. Looking out the windshield is how you get where you want to go .
JUST REMEMBER TWO PRINCIPLES
I was recently standing in Place Louis Aragon , a shaded outdoor nook on the River Seine , having a picnic with writing students from the Paris American Academy. One woman pulled me aside and asked what I hoped to convey in this book ,at the core . Seconds later , we were pulled back into to the fray, as the attendees were all taking turns talking about the circuitous paths that brought them there that day. Nearly everyone had a story of wanting to come to Paris for years— in some cases, 30 to 40 years — but assuming it was impossible.
Listening to their stories, I pulled out a scrap of paper and jotted down my answer to her question . In this book ,at its core, I want to convey the following:
1.Success ,however you define it , is achievable if you collect the right field-tested beliefs and habits . Someone else has done your version of “success” before ,and often , many have done something similar. “But," you might ask , "what about a first , like colonizing Mars?” There are still recipes. Look at empire building of there types, look at the biggest decisions in the life of Robert Moses (read The Power Broker), or simply find someone who stepped up to do great things that were deemed impossible at the time(e.g.,Walt Disney). There is shared DNA you can borrow.
2.The superheroes you have in your mind (idols ,icons , titans ,billionaires, etc.) are nearly all walking flaws who’ve maximized 1 or 2 strengths. Humans are imperfect creatures. You don’t “succeed” because you have no weaknesses; you succeed because you find your unique strengths and focus on developing habits around them . To make this crystal-clear , I’ve deliberately included two sections in this book (page 197 and 616 ) that will make you think:”Wow ,Tim Ferriss is a mess. How the hell does he ever get anything done?”Everyone is fighting a battle you know nothing about .The heroes in this book are no different .Everyone struggles. Take solace in that.
推荐阅读:
中文名 —— 《巨人的工具》
原名 —— TOOLS OF TITANS
—— 蒂莫西.费里斯 (Tim Ferriss)著
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