英语学习

We Should Be Particular about Taking Medicine

Most of us at some point have taken a pill without water, either because we were in a rush, too lazy to get up from our desk, or there wasn't a drink nearby.

But here's why it's actually quite dangerous.

Washing a pill down with water is important not only because it makes swallowing easier,

but because it helps prevent the pill from getting stuck in your esophagus, which can cause much more than discomfort.

我们应该特别注意吃药

我们中的大多数人在某些时候都吃过不喝水的药片，要么是因为匆忙，懒得从办公桌上站起来，要么是因为附近没有饮料。

但这就是为什么它实际上相当危险。

用水冲洗药丸很重要，不仅因为它使吞咽更容易，

但因为它有助于防止避孕药卡在你的食道里，而食道的不适远不止这些。

"Medications that are lodged in the esophagus are very likely to cause inflammation and irritation," says Jennifer Caudle, a board-certified family medicine physician.

"This can cause a number of symptoms from heartburn and chest pain to esophagitis, or even bleeding and holes."

Since there are no pain nerves in parts of the esophagus, symptoms don't always begin right away, which can make it difficult for you to know if a pill doesn't make it all the way down.

委员会认证的家庭医学医生詹妮弗·考德尔说：“食道内的药物很可能引起炎症和刺激。”。

“这会导致许多症状，从胃灼热、胸痛到食道炎，甚至出血和穿孔。”

由于食道的某些部位没有疼痛神经，症状并不总是马上就开始，这会让你很难知道一片药片是否能让疼痛完全消失。

Some people experience chest pain or a feeling similar to heartburn, so they might just dismiss the sensation as a temporary discomfort.

Over time, however, pills that get stuck along their journey can break down and erode the delicate tissue of the esophagus,

causing painful bleeding and hemorrhaging, or severe dehydration, all of which can become quite serious.

To avoid dangerous complications when swallowing pills, it's always best to wash them down with at least eight ounces of water, Caudle advises.

She also recommends taking pills standing or sitting up, never lying down.

This means you should avoid taking medication right before bed, or at least 15 minutes before bed, to allow the pill time to travel down the esophagus.

"It's not to say that if you don't drink anything, your pill will always get stuck," says Caudle. "But the risk is higher if you don't have a full glass of water."

有些人会感到胸痛或类似胃灼热的感觉，所以他们可能会把这种感觉当作暂时的不适而不予理睬。

然而，随着时间的推移，在旅途中被卡住的药片会分解并侵蚀食道的脆弱组织，

引起痛苦的出血和出血，或严重脱水，所有这些都会变得相当严重。

考德尔建议，为了避免吞咽药片时出现危险的并发症，最好用至少8盎司的水冲洗。

她还建议站着或坐着服药，千万不要躺着。

这意味着你应该避免在睡前服用药物，或者至少在睡前15分钟服用药物，以便让药片的时间沿着食道向下移动。

“这并不是说，如果你什么都不喝，你的药丸总是会卡住，”卡德尔说但如果你没有满杯水，风险就更大。”

美文阅读笔记

㈠所谓偏见，就是个人对某一群体持有的缺乏充分事实根据的态度。英国思想家赫伯特·斯宾塞说：“人人反对偏见，可人人都有偏见。”德国文学家歌德说：“我能确保正直，却不能保证没有偏见。”

有什么对付偏见的好办法呢？对个人而言，首先，要勇于承认，我们自身存在偏见；其次，要深刻认识到，偏见损害了我们的判断力，正如梭罗的一句名言，“放弃偏见永远不会为时过晚”；最后，要有意识地控制那些即刻产生的、无意识的各种偏见。

对社会而言，根据著名的“接触假说”，增加不同群体间的接触是减少偏见的有效方法。有趣的是，心理学家在研究“接触假说”时发现，最有效果的接触是不同群体成员间的非正式互动，而不是正式互动。例如，不同群体的成员为打发时光而待在一起闲聊，就要比将他们召集起来开一个恳谈会更有利于减少偏见。这意味着，润物细无声的方式方法，最能融化偏见的坚冰。

㈡我抽出一支签，递给老和尚。他打开后说：“此签为中中签，是一支好签。”听到这儿，我十分疑惑：“上上签才是好签呀！”

　　老和尚微微一笑：“上上为圆满，圆满之签并不是好签。在佛界，圆则寂。尘世中，圆满刹那湮灭，容易流溢。其实，中签才是好签，有缺可补，有憾有想，八分为好。”

　　山谷空灵，古寺清幽，这番话分外叩人心扉。凡事只争八分，不贪十足。

　　月满则亏，水满则溢，大自然如此，人生亦同。切莫追求十分圆满，舍去二分累赘，定能收获八分之好。

㈢　　什么是快乐？快乐的定义可能很简单：“今天的你比昨日的你慈悲、感恩。