Nginx 常用配置，避坑指南！
安装 Nginx
# 添加 Nginx 源 sudo rpm -Uvh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm
# 安装 Nginx sudo yum install -y nginx
# 启动 Nginx sudo systemctl start nginx.service
# 设置开机自启 Nginx sudo systemctl enable nginx.service
配置 Nginx
# 使用 vim 编辑创建 文件名.conf
vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/文件名.conf
添加配置1（配置1和2可以同事监听80端口，绑定不同域名，实现一台服务器nginx同时配置多个前端网站，多个域名空格隔开）
server {
listen 80;
server_name 域名1 域名2 localhost;
location / {
proxy_set_header HOST $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:端口/;
}
}
添加配置2
server {
listen 80;
server_name 域名1 域名2 localhost;
location / {
proxy_set_header HOST $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:端口/;
}
}
代理静态网站 root指定磁盘目录
server {
listen 80;
server_name 域名1 域名2 多个域名空格隔开 localhost;
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
root D:\test-web;
}
}
常用命令
检查配置是否有误
sudo nginx -t
重载/重启 Nginx 配置
sudo nginx -s reload
查看nginx安装目录
ps -ef | grep nginx
错误及解决办法
不能访问子路径错误：
location /flow {
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:9083/;
}
修改：
location /flow/ {
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:9083/;
}
解决：/flow 后面加个/
配置多个前端代码/a/ /b/不能访问
解决：把/a/ /b/放在根目录下面 （就是只有一个根目录，不过根目录里面可以放很多项目文件夹）
去掉请求后面的斜杠 添加在location节点里面 解决浏览器请求拼接到接口前面的诡异问题
rewrite ^/(.*)/$ /$1 permanent;
前后端分离项目部署
##前端配置
location /gov_flow {
##放再nginx下的/content/gov_flow目录
alias /var/html/gov_flow;
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
index index.html;
}
##后端接口配置
location /stage-prod-api/ {
proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://flow:9083/;
}
location /stage-test-api/{
proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://localhost:8080/;
}
#两个后端项目接口合并成一个 给前端访问9991
server {
listen 9991;
server_name localhost;
location /yqt/{
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8888/yqt/;
}
location /ad/{
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8090/ad/;
}
}
nginx配置ssl证书示例1
http{
#http节点中可以添加多个server节点
server{
#ssl 需要监听443端口
listen 443;
# CA证书对应的域名
server_name www.ilovey.live;
# 开启ssl
ssl on;
# 服务器证书绝对路径
ssl_certificate /www/server/nginx/conf.d/4467149_www.ilovey.live.pem;
# 服务器端证书key绝对路径
ssl_certificate_key /www/server/nginx/conf.d/4467149_www.ilovey.live.key;
# session超时
ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# 协议类型
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
# ssl算法列表
ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5:!RC4:!DHE;
# 是否 服务器决定使用哪种算法 on/off TLSv1.1 的话需要开启
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
location ^~ /zhihao/ {
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080/;
}
}
# 如果用户通过 http 访问 直接重写 跳转到 https 这个是一个很有必要的操作
server{
listen 80;
server_name www.ilovey.live;
rewrite ^/(.*)$ https://www.ilovey.live:443/$1 permanent;
}
}
nginx配置ssl证书示例2
server
{
listen 80;
listen 443 ssl http2;
server_name ilovey.live;
index index.php index.html index.htm default.php default.htm default.html;
root /www/wwwroot/网站目录;
#SSL-START SSL相关配置，请勿删除或修改下一行带注释的404规则
#error_page 404/404.html;
ssl_certificate /www/server/nginx/conf.d/4467149_www.ilovey.live.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /www/server/nginx/conf.d/4467149_www.ilovey.live.key;
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5:!RC4:!DHE;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;
ssl_session_timeout 10m;
error_page 497 https://$host$request_uri;
#SSL-END
#ERROR-PAGE-START 错误页配置，可以注释、删除或修改
#error_page 404 /404.html;
#error_page 502 /502.html;
#ERROR-PAGE-END
#PHP-INFO-START PHP引用配置，可以注释或修改
#PROXY-START
location /
{
proxy_pass http://localhost:8886;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr;
#持久化连接相关配置
#proxy_connect_timeout 30s;
#proxy_read_timeout 86400s;
#proxy_send_timeout 30s;
#proxy_http_version 1.1;
#proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
#proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
##expires 12h;
}
#PHP-INFO-END
#禁止访问的文件或目录
location ~ ^/(\.user.ini|\.htaccess|\.git|\.svn|\.project|LICENSE|README.md)
{
return 404;
}
#一键申请SSL证书验证目录相关设置
location ~ \.well-known{
allow all;
}
}
