C语言结构体

希望今年夏天的遗憾能成为你秋天的惊喜。。。。

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一、结构体概念

可以简单理解为把不同数据类型放到一起的数组

二、结构体声明与初始化

1、先声明结构体类型再定义变量

2、同时定义变量

3、直接定义结构体类型变量

#include <stdio.h>

#include <time.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

#include <string.h>

struct Aiyou

{

       int year;

       char name[100];

       char* zdg;

};

struct Aiyou ay;

struct Aiyou ay1 ={2016,"周杰伦的床边故事","告白气球"};

struct Aiyou ay2;

int main() {

       printf("%d\n",ay1.year);

       printf("%s\n", ay1.name);

       printf("%s\n", ay1.zdg);

       ay.year = 2015;

       strcpy_s(ay.name,100,"哎呦，不错哦");//ay.name是数组名，是常量所以不能直接赋值

       ay.zdg = "听爸爸的话";

       printf("%d\n", ay.year);

       printf("%s\n", ay.name);

       printf("%s\n", ay.zdg);

       struct Aiyou *p;

       p = &ay2;  //让p有所指向

       p->year = 2015;

       strcpy_s((*p).name, 100, "十二新作");

       p->zdg = "明明就";

       printf("%d\n", p->year);

       printf("%s\n", (*p).name);

       //printf("%s\n", p[0].name);

       printf("%s\n", p->zdg);

       system("pause");

       return 0;

}

运行结果：

三、其他初始化方法

直接在结构体初始化

struct Aiyou

{

       int year;

       char name[100];

       char* zdg;

}ay={2015,“aiyou”,“bucuo”},ay1,ay2;

无变量名

struct 

{

       int year;

       char name[100];

       char* zdg;

}ay,ay1,ay2;

四、结构体数组

#include <stdio.h>

#include <time.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

#include <string.h>

struct Aiyou

{

       int year;

       char name[100];

       char* zdg;

};

int main() {

       struct Aiyou a[5];

       a[0].year = 2016;

       strcpy_s(a[0].name,100, "周杰伦的床边故事");

       a[0].zdg = "告白气球";

       (a + 1)->year = 2015;

       strcpy_s((a+1)->name, 100, "哎呦，不错哦");

       (a + 1)->zdg = "听爸爸的话";

       (*(a + 2)).year = 2012;

       strcpy_s((*(a + 2)).name, 100, "十二新作");

       (*(a + 2)).zdg = "明明就";

       //通过指针操作

       struct Aiyou* p;

       p = &a[0];

       p[3].year = 2011;

       strcpy_s(p[3].name, 100, "惊叹号");

       p[3].zdg = "Mine Mine";

       (p + 4)->year = 2010;

       strcpy_s((p +4)->name, 100, "跨时代");

       (p + 4)->zdg = "烟花易冷";

       for (int i=0;i<sizeof(a)/sizeof(a[0]);i++)

       {

              printf("专辑名称：%s,主打歌：%s,发行时间：%d\n", a[i].name, a[i].zdg,  a[i].year);

       }

       system("pause");

       return 0;

}

运行结果：

五、结构体嵌套

#include <stdio.h>

#include <time.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

#include <string.h>

struct Bucuo

{

       int year;

       char* name;

};

struct Aiyou

{

       struct Bucuo bc;

       char* zdg;

};

int main() {

       struct Aiyou ay;

       ay.bc.year = 2016;

       ay.bc.name = "周杰伦的床边故事";

       ay.zdg = "告白气球";

       printf("专辑名称：%s,主打歌：%s,发行时间：%d\n", ay.bc.name, ay.zdg,  ay.bc.year);

       struct Aiyou* p = &ay;

       p->bc.year = 2015;

       p->bc.name = "哎呦，不错哦";

       p->zdg = "听爸爸的话";

       printf("专辑名称：%s,主打歌：%s,发行时间：%d\n", p->bc.name, ay.zdg,  p->bc.year);

       system("pause");

       return 0;

}

运行结果：

专辑名称：周杰伦的床边故事,主打歌：告白气球,发行时间：2016

专辑名称：哎呦，不错哦,主打歌：听爸爸的话,发行时间：2015

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