基于Springboot的RabbitMQ使用

一 普通的收发字符串类型数据

1. 引入依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-rabbit-test</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

2. 添加配置

server:
  port: 8001

spring:
  application:
    name: producer
  rabbitmq:
    host: 192.168.44.142
    port: 5672
    virtual-host: host1
    username: yorick
    password: 199748

3. 发送消息（生产者）

@Service
public class SendMsgService {
    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;

    public void sendMsg(String msg){
        //简单模式，工作模式
        amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("","queue1",msg);
        //订阅模式
        //amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("ex1","",msg);
        //路由模式
        //amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("ex2","k2",msg);
    }
}

4. 测试发送消息（生产者）

@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class SendMsgServiceTest {

    @Autowired
    private SendMsgService service;

    @Test
    public void testSendMsg(){
        service.sendMsg("Hello queue");
    }
}

5. 接收消息（消费者）

@Service
@RabbitListener(queues = "queue1")
public class ReceiveMsgService {

    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;

    @RabbitHandler
    public void receiveMsg(String msg){
        System.out.println("receive msg: "+ msg);
    }
}

二 收发对象类型数据

2.1 直接发送序列化的对象

注意：

• bean实现序列化接口
• 生产者消费者的bean包名必须一致

1. 实体类

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class User implements Serializable {
    private String username;
    private String password;
}

1. 发送消息（生产者）

@Service
public class SendMsgService {

    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;

    public void sendMsg(User user){
        amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("","queue1",user);
    }
}

2. 测试发送消息（生产者）

@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class SendMsgServiceTest {

    @Autowired
    private SendMsgService service;

    @Test
    public void testSendMsg(){
        User user = new User();
        user.setUsername("yorick");
        user.setPassword("199748");
        service.sendMsg(user);
    }
}

3. 接收消息（消费者）

@Service
@RabbitListener(queues = "queue1")
public class ReceiveMsgService {

    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;

    @RabbitHandler
    public void receiveMsg(User user){
        System.out.println("receive msg: "+ user);
    }
}

2.2 JSON字符串实现

1. 发送消息（生产者），将对象转换为JSON字符串

@Service
public class SendMsgService {

    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;

    public void sendMsg(User user) throws JsonProcessingException {
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
        String userString = mapper.writeValueAsString(user);
        amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("","queue1",userString);
    }
}

2. 接收消息（消费者），将JSON字符串转换为对象

@Service
@RabbitListener(queues = "queue1")
public class ReceiveMsgService {

    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;

    @RabbitHandler
    public void receiveMsg(String userString) throws JsonProcessingException {
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
        User user = mapper.readValue(userString, User.class);
        System.out.println("receive msg: "+ user);
    }
}