安装 Docker

安装Docker可使用官方脚本一键安装

curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh
sudo sh get-docker.sh

如果安装过程过慢，可以参考解决树莓派apt-get更新速度慢的方法

安装 Docker Compose

官方安装脚本为

sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.25.4/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

但是在树莓派4b上，如果执行echo命令查看此链接地址

echo "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.25.4/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)"

会得到以下结果

https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.25.4/docker-compose-Linux-armv7l

由于官方并没有发布ARM架构的docker-compose安装文件，所以此方法行不通，现在采用pip来安装

使用pip安装docker-compose

1.apt更新

sudo apt-get update

2.安装python和pip

sudo apt-get install -y python python-pip

3.安装libffi-dev

sudo apt-get install libffi-dev

如果不安装libffi-dev的话，后面使用pip安装docker-compose的时候会报错，提示找不到ffi.h文件

arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fno-strict-aliasing -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/python2.7-InigCj/python2.7-2.7.16=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fPIC -DUSE__THREAD -DHAVE_SYNC_SYNCHRONIZE -I/usr/include/ffi -I/usr/include/libffi -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c c/_cffi_backend.c -o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/c/_cffi_backend.o
c/_cffi_backend.c:15:10: fatal error: ffi.h: No such file or directory
#include <ffi.h>
        ^~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
error: command 'arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc' failed with exit status 1  

4.用pip安装docker-compose

sudo pip install docker-compose

5.拷贝python2.7的dist-packages文件夹到docker的工作目录下

cd  /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
sudo cp -r backports /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/docker/transport/

如果不执行此操作，使用docker-compose命令会报错：No module named ssl_match_hostname

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/bin/docker-compose", line 5, in <module>
    from compose.cli.main import main
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/compose/cli/main.py", line 18, in <module>
    import docker.errors
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/docker/__init__.py", line 2, in <module>
    from .api import APIClient
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/docker/api/__init__.py", line 2, in <module>
    from .client import APIClient
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/docker/api/client.py", line 10, in <module>
    from .build import BuildApiMixin
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/docker/api/build.py", line 6, in <module>
    from .. import auth
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/docker/auth.py", line 9, in <module>
    from .utils import config
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/docker/utils/__init__.py", line 3, in <module>
    from .decorators import check_resource, minimum_version, update_headers
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/docker/utils/decorators.py", line 4, in <module>
    from . import utils
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/docker/utils/utils.py", line 13, in <module>
    from .. import tls
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/docker/tls.py", line 5, in <module>
    from .transport import SSLHTTPAdapter
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/docker/transport/__init__.py", line 3, in <module>
    from .ssladapter import SSLHTTPAdapter
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/docker/transport/ssladapter.py", line 23, in <module>
    from backports.ssl_match_hostname import match_hostname
ImportError: No module named ssl_match_hostname

6.安装完毕

执行一次docker-compose命令测试是否安装成功

docker-compose version

安装成功则能成功打印版本号信息。

如果报错No module named shutil_get_terminal_size

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/bin/docker-compose", line 5, in <module>
    from compose.cli.main import main
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/compose/cli/main.py", line 52, in <module>
    from .formatter import ConsoleWarningFormatter
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/compose/cli/formatter.py", line 15, in <module>
    from backports.shutil_get_terminal_size import get_terminal_size
ImportError: No module named shutil_get_terminal_size

那么安装一下ipython

sudo apt-get install ipython

安装完后再次执行docker-compose命令就没问题

docker-compose version 1.25.4, build unknown
docker-py version: 4.2.0
CPython version: 2.7.16
OpenSSL version: OpenSSL 1.1.1d  10 Sep 2019