Pythoner集中营Python精选

python时间模块的使用

2019-02-13  本文已影响62人  white_study
前言:

在开发中经常会与时间打交道,如:获取事件戳,时间戳的格式化等,这里简要记录一下python操作时间的方法。

python中常见的处理时间的模块:
time模块介绍
说明:time模块主要讲解如下内容:

1.时间戳 --> 时间元组格式(time.struct_time) --> 日期字符串

import time

time_tuple = time.localtime(time.time())
print time_tuple  # time.struct_time(tm_year=2019, tm_mon=1, tm_mday=30, tm_hour=11, tm_min=29, tm_sec=33, tm_wday=2, tm_yday=30, tm_isdst=0)
time_format = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time_tuple)
print time_format  # 2019-01-30 11:48:07
def timestamp_format(timestamp):
    """
    :brief  时间戳格式化
    :param timestamp: 时间戳
    :return: 格式化后的日期
    """
    return time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime(timestamp))

2.日期字符串 --> 时间元组格式(time.struct_time) --> 时间戳

import time

time_str_to_tuple = time.strptime("2019-01-30 11:48:07", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
print time_str_to_tuple  # time.struct_time(tm_year=2019, tm_mon=1, tm_mday=30, tm_hour=11, tm_min=48, tm_sec=7, tm_wday=2, tm_yday=30, tm_isdst=-1)
time_tuple_to_timestamp = int(time.mktime(time_str_to_tuple))
print time_tuple_to_timestamp  # 结果:1548820087
def time_str_to_timestamp(date_str, format):
    """
    :brief 将字符串日期转换为时间戳
    :param date_str: 日期字符串,如:2019-01-30 11:48:07
    :param format: 日期字符串对应的格式化格式,如:%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S
    :return: 时间戳
    """
    return int(time.mktime(time.strptime(date_str, format)))

3.获取当前时间的分钟/秒

timestamp = int(time.time())
seconds = timestamp % 60
print "seconds:{}".format(seconds)
minute = (timestamp - seconds) % (60 * 60)
print "minute:{}".format(minute / 60)

4.获取整分钟/整小时时间戳

one_minute = 60  # 一分钟
one_hour = one_minute * 60  # 一小时

whole_minute = int(timestamp / one_minute) * one_minute
whole_hour = int(timestamp / one_hour) * one_hour
datetime模块介绍
datetime模块中常见的类:
说明:datetime模块主要讲解如下内容

1.时间戳 --> datetime时间格式 --> 日期字符串

import time, datetime

datetime_type = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(time.time())
print type(datetime_type)  # <type 'datetime.datetime'>
datetime_format = datetime_type.strftime("%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S")
print datetime_format  # 2019/01/30 16:44:01

2.日期字符串 --> datetime时间格式 --> 时间元组格式(time.struct_time) --> 时间戳

datetime_type = datetime.datetime.strptime('2019/01/30 16:44:01', '%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S')
print type(datetime_type)  # <type 'datetime.datetime'>
# print datetime_type.timestamp()
print time.mktime(datetime_type.timetuple())
datetime_type_to_timestamp = int(time.mktime(datetime_type.timetuple()))
print datetime_type_to_timestamp

3.时间差的使用,根据当前时间获取前N天的时间
datetime.timedelta(days, seconds, microseconds, milliseconds, minutes, hours, weeks)
参数说明:
1.days:天
2.seconds:秒
3.microseconds:毫秒 1秒 = 10^3 毫秒
4.milliseconds:微秒 1秒 = 10^6 微秒
5.minutes,分钟
6.hours:小时
7.weeks:星期 1weeks = 7days

day_timedelta = datetime.timedelta(days=1)  # 获取1天的时间值
forward_datetime = datetime.datetime.today() - day_timedelta  # 获取前一天的datetime值
print forward_datetime
calendar模块介绍
说明:

这里介绍一下使用month(year, month)方法打印出某年某月下的月历时间

例子:
import calendar
cal = calendar.month(2019, 1)  # 打印出2019年1月的月历
print cal

喜欢点个赞!

上一篇下一篇

猜你喜欢

热点阅读