django-创建视图

如下：

[root@centos2 HelloWorld]# ll
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Aug 13 11:56 HelloWorld   #创建的工程
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  542 Aug 11 09:32 manage.py   #命令管理
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Aug 13 11:57 polls   #创建的app

进去到app里面看下目录结构如下：

[root@centos2 polls]# tree
.
├── admin.py
├── apps.py
├── __init__.py
├── migrations
│   ├── 0001_initial.py
│   ├── 0002_auto_20170813_0303.py
│   ├── 0003_auto_20170813_0326.py
│   ├── __init__.py
│   └── __pycache__
│       ├── 0001_initial.cpython-34.pyc
│       ├── 0002_auto_20170813_0303.cpython-34.pyc
│       ├── 0003_auto_20170813_0326.cpython-34.pyc
│       └── __init__.cpython-34.pyc
├── models.py
├── __pycache__
│   ├── admin.cpython-34.pyc
│   ├── __init__.cpython-34.pyc
│   ├── models.cpython-34.pyc
│   └── views.cpython-34.pyc
├── tests.py
└── views.py

其中最后一行views.py是我们真正写代码的地方，也就是传说中的视图，现在我们写一个视图：

root@centos2 polls]# cat views.py 
from django.shortcuts import render

# Create your views here.
from django.http import  HttpResponse
def  hello(request):
    test="""<h1>this is my first web<h1> """
    return HttpResponse(test)

视图写完成之后，要去工程目录下面的urls.py中进行添加，否则无效：

[root@centos2 HelloWorld]# cat urls.py 
"""HelloWorld URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^$', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^$', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
    1. Import the include() function: from django.conf.urls import url, include
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from polls  import views     #从polls app中导入views视图，这里要是不导入polls的话会报错
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'^index/', views.hello),   #调用视图中的hello函数
]

然后运行，结果如下：