Spring + SpringMVC + Hibernate整合
2017-03-30 本文已影响0人
_Raye
整合需要的依赖包：(pom.xml)
<!-- log4j 日志 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<!-- servlet API -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet.jsp/javax.servlet.jsp-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.3.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jstl -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- MySQL驱动 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.40</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.commons/commons-dbcp2 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp2</artifactId>
<version>2.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- junit -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- fastjson -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.1.29</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- aspectjrt -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
<version>1.8.10</version>
</dependency>
<!-- aspectjweaver -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.8.10</version>
</dependency>
<!-- hibernate -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>5.2.8.Final</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mockito/mockito-all -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
<artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>
<version>1.10.19</version>
</dependency>
web.xml 与 (前端控制器名-servlet.xml) 都在WEB-INF下
- 如果用到struts，需在web.xml中配置struts过滤器(web.xml)：
本次讲的是SpringMVC，所以与struts无关，可跳过struts配置
<!-- struts前端控制器(由它来决定走那个Action,它会读取struts.xml文件来决定) -->
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>
org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter
</filter-class>
</filter>
<!-- 所有的请求都要经过这个过滤器 -->
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
- 如果用到SpringMVC，需在web.xml中配置SpringMVC的前端控制器(web.xml)：
<!-- springMVC前端控制器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>frontController</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>frontController</servlet-name>
<!-- 配/表示不会覆盖默认设置(server里面的web.xml) -->
<!-- 配*.do表示只有.do的资源走这里,静态资源不受管理 -->
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
- 与SpringMVC对应的xml文件( 前端控制器名-servlet.xml )
这里是frontController-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 配置搜索组件的基础包 (将被注解的类的对象纳入spring IoC容器的管理) -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.qfedu.dang.controller"/>
<!-- 使用注解来配置需要spring IoC容器托管的对象以及对象之间的依赖关系 -->
<context:annotation-config/>
<!-- 配置Spring的Bean的验证器(可通过@Pattern(regexp = "\\w{4,20}")写正则表达式来验证,再在controller中对应的地方打上@Valid) -->
<bean id="globalValidator" class="org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean"/>
<!-- 配置json消息转换器 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven validator="globalValidator">
<mvc:message-converters>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.BufferedImageHttpMessageConverter"/>
</mvc:message-converters>
</mvc:annotation-driven>
<!-- 配置springMVC的视图解析器(渲染视图完成模型和视图的绑定) -->
<bean id="jspViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置处理文件上传的解析器 -->
<bean id="multipartResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="1048576"/>
</bean>
</beans>
- 配置spring配置文件的位置(app.xml的位置)：(web.xml)
<!-- 通过配置上下文参数指定Spring配置文件的位置 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:app.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
- 配置IoC容器上下文监听器(web.xml)
<!-- 配置创建IoC容器的上下文监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
- 配置编码过滤器：(web.xml)
<!-- 设置处理编码的过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>enc</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>enc</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
app.xml 在 src 根目录下
-
Hibernate中的注解
@Entity实体类
@Table表
@Id主键
@Column字段名
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)主键生成策略
@Transient隐藏字段
@ManyToOne
@OneToMany(mappedBy,cascade=CascadeType.ALL)双向关联
@JoinColumn连接字段
@Embeddable标注嵌入式主键类，表示这个是一个嵌入式类(实现Serializable接口)
@Embedded 标注实体中的嵌入式主键 -
<context:component-scan base-package="com.qfedu.dang"/>
Spring IoC容器会纳入@Component,@Service,@Controller,@Repository注解的类进行管理
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 配置搜索组件的基础包 (将被注解的类的对象纳入spring IoC容器的管理) -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.qfedu.dang"/>
<!-- 使用注解来配置需要spring IoC容器托管的对象以及对象之间的依赖关系 -->
<context:annotation-config/>
<!-- 配置为基于AspectJ的切面自动生成代理 -->
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>
<!-- 配置数据库连接池(空间换时间的优化) -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/dang?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="123456"/>
<property name="initialSize" value="10"/>
<property name="maxTotal" value="50"/>
<property name="maxWaitMillis" value="15000"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置Hibernate的会话工厂(持久层需要依赖的对象) -->
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!-- @Entity -->
<property name="packagesToScan" value="com.qfedu.dang.entity"/>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<value>
hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
hibernate.show_sql=true
hibernate.format_sql=true
</value>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置spring为Hibernate提供的事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置使用注解来声明事务 -->
<tx:annotation-driven/>
</beans>
- hibernate运行原理
1.读取并解析配置文件
2.读取并解析映射信息，创建SessionFactory
3.打开Sesssion
4.创建事务Transation
5.持久化操作
6.提交事务
7.关闭Session
8.关闭SesstionFactory
- SpringMVC注解
1.@RequestMapping("/reg") 表示访问reg.do
方法最后返回的字符串是返回的jsp页面
2.@RequestParam - 请求参数(表单或者查询字符串)
3.@CookieValue - Cookie中拿参数
4.@RequestHeader - 请求头拿参数
5.@PathVariable - 路径参数("/student/123005")
6.@ResponseBody 将内容或对象作为 HTTP 响应正文返回，并调用适合HttpMessageConverter的Adapter转换对象，写入输出流
7.@RequestBody 将HTTP请求正文转换为适合的HttpMessageConverter对象
