NSPredicate、电话号码、

2016-07-07  本文已影响94人  wylei

简述：Cocoa框架中的NSPredicate用于查询，原理和用法都类似于SQL中的where，作用相当于数据库的过滤取。
定义(最常用到的方法)：

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NSPredicate *ca = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:(NSString *), ...];

Format：(1)比较运算符>,<,==,>=,<=,!=可用于数值及字符串例：@"number > 100"(2)范围运算符：IN、BETWEEN例：@"number BETWEEN {1,5}" @"address IN {'shanghai','beijing'}"(3)字符串本身:SELF 例：@“SELF == ‘APPLE’"(4)字符串相关：BEGINSWITH、ENDSWITH、CONTAINS例：@"name CONTAIN[cd] 'ang'" //包含某个字符串 @"name BEGINSWITH[c] 'sh'" //以某个字符串开头 @"name ENDSWITH[d] 'ang'" //以某个字符串结束 注:[c]不区分大小写[d]不区分发音符号即没有重音符号[cd]既不区分大小写，也不区分发音符号。(5)通配符：LIKE例：@"name LIKE[cd] 'er'" //代表通配符,Like也接受[cd]. @"name LIKE[cd] '???er'"
(6)正则表达式：MATCHES例：NSString *regex = @"^A.+e$"; //以A开头，e结尾 @"name MATCHES %@",regex

实际应用：(1)对NSArray进行过滤

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NSArray *array = [[NSArray alloc]initWithObjects:@"beijing",@"shanghai",@"guangzou",@"wuhan", nil];
NSString *string = @"ang";
NSPredicate *pred = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF CONTAINS %@",string];
NSLog(@"%@",[array filteredArrayUsingPredicate:pred]);

(2)判断字符串首字母是否为字母:
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NSString *regex = @"[A-Za-z]+";
NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@", regex];

if ([predicate evaluateWithObject:aString]) {
}

(3)字符串替换：

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NSError* error = NULL;
NSRegularExpression* regex = [NSRegularExpression regularExpressionWithPattern:@"(encoding=")[^"]+(")"
options:0
error:&error];
NSString* sample = @"<xml encoding="abc"></xml><xml encoding="def"></xml><xml encoding="ttt"></xml>";
NSLog(@"Start:%@",sample);
NSString* result = [regex stringByReplacingMatchesInString:sample
options:0
range:NSMakeRange(0, sample.length)
withTemplate:@"$1utf-8$2"];
NSLog(@"Result:%@", result);

(4)截取字符串如下：

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//组装一个字符串，需要把里面的网址解析出来
NSString *urlString=@"<meta/><link/><title>1Q84 BOOK1</title></head><body>";

//NSRegularExpression类里面调用表达的方法需要传递一个NSError的参数。下面定义一个
NSError *error;

//http+:[^\s]* 这个表达式是检测一个网址的。(?<=title>).*(?=</title)截取html文章中的<title></title>中内文字的正则表达式
NSRegularExpression regex = [NSRegularExpression regularExpressionWithPattern:@"(?<=title\>).(?=</title)" options:0 error:&error];

if (regex != nil) {
NSTextCheckingResult *firstMatch=[regex firstMatchInString:urlString options:0 range:NSMakeRange(0, [urlString length])];

if (firstMatch) {    
    NSRange resultRange = [firstMatch rangeAtIndex:0];    
        
    //从urlString当中截取数据    
    NSString *result=[urlString substringWithRange:resultRange];    
    //输出结果    
    NSLog(@"->%@<-",result);    
}

}

(5)判断手机号码，电话号码函数

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// 正则判断手机号码地址格式

(6)邮箱验证、电话号码验证:

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//是否是有效的正则表达式

+(BOOL)isValidateRegularExpression:(NSString *)strDestination byExpression:(NSString *)strExpression

{

NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicatepredicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@", strExpression];

return [predicate evaluateWithObject:strDestination];

}

//验证email
+(BOOL)isValidateEmail:(NSString *)email {

NSString *strRegex = @"[A-Z0-9a-z._%+-]+@[A-Za-z0-9.-]+\.[A-Za-z]{1,5}";

BOOL rt = [CommonTools isValidateRegularExpression:email byExpression:strRegex];

return rt;

}

//验证电话号码
+(BOOL)isValidateTelNumber:(NSString *)number {

NSString *strRegex = @"[0-9]{1,20}";

BOOL rt = [CommonTools isValidateRegularExpression:number byExpression:strRegex];

return rt;

}

(7)NSDate进行筛选

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//日期在十天之内:
NSDate endDate = [[NSDate date] retain];
NSTimeInterval timeInterval= [endDate timeIntervalSinceReferenceDate];
timeInterval -=360024*10;
NSDate *beginDate = [[NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSinceReferenceDate:timeInterval] retain];
//对coredata进行筛选(假设有fetchRequest)
NSPredicate *predicate_date =
[NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"date >= %@ AND date <= %@", beginDate,endDate];

[fetchRequest setPredicate:predicate_date];
//释放retained的对象
[endDate release];
[beginDate release];

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