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Spring MVC 核心调用流程

2020-08-22  本文已影响0人  享学课堂

[十六] Spring MVC 核心调用流程

DispatcherServlet 是什么

::: tip 概述
DispatcherServlet作为Spring MVC的核心控制器,初始化组件,处理客户端发送的请求,并返回ModelAndView,进行视图渲染。主要是实现了父类FrameworkServlet的抽象方法doService()
:::

5223dffff8bc3a36ecb23f02b5be758.png

DispatcherServlet 类图

DispatcherServletinitStrategies方法如何被调用的

入口类: AbstractApplicationContext #refresh

进入onRefresh方法

所在类:org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet

    protected void onRefresh(ApplicationContext context) {
        initStrategies(context);
    }

    protected void initStrategies(ApplicationContext context) {
        // 初始化文件上传处理
        initMultipartResolver(context);
        // 初始化本地化 Resolver
        initLocaleResolver(context);
        // 初始化主题 Resolver
        initThemeResolver(context);
        // 初始化 URL映射关系
        initHandlerMappings(context);
        // 初始化Handler接口适配器
        initHandlerAdapters(context);
        // 初始化异常处理的 handler
        initHandlerExceptionResolvers(context);
        // 初始化请求路径转换
        initRequestToViewNameTranslator(context);
        // 初始化视图解析
        initViewResolvers(context);
        // 初始化 flashmap管理
        initFlashMapManager(context);
    }

::: warning 知识点
initStrategies方法中的所有初始化组件中之所以可以拿到值,主要是通过@EnableWebMvc注解,调用到WebMvcConfigurationSupport类中的各个@Bean注解的方法,完成的实例化过程。
:::

请求调用流程

当父子容器都启动完成后,开始进行请求的响应处理,

进入service方法

所在类:javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet

protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String method = req.getMethod();
        long lastModified;
        if (method.equals("GET")) {
            lastModified = this.getLastModified(req);
            if (lastModified == -1L) {
                this.doGet(req, resp);
            } 
          // ...... 省略
    }

进入doGet方法

所在类:org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet

@Override
    protected final void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

        processRequest(request, response);
    }

进入processRequest方法

所在类:org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet

protected final void processRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

        long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        Throwable failureCause = null;
        
        doService(request, response);
}

进入doService方法

所在类:org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet

protected void doService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        logRequest(request);
        try {
            // 调用核心流程
            doDispatch(request, response);
        }
        finally {
            if (!WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request).isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
                // Restore the original attribute snapshot, in case of an include.
                if (attributesSnapshot != null) {
                    restoreAttributesAfterInclude(request, attributesSnapshot);
                }
            }
        }
}

请求调用 核心入口

请求最终进入doDispatch方法

所在类:org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet

    protected void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        HttpServletRequest processedRequest = request;
        HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler = null;
        boolean multipartRequestParsed = false;
        // 异步管理
        WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);

        try {
            ModelAndView mv = null;
            Exception dispatchException = null;

            try {
                // 文件上传解析,如果请求类型是multipart将通过
                // MultipartResolver进行文件上传解析
                processedRequest = checkMultipart(request);
                multipartRequestParsed = (processedRequest != request);
                // 对当前请求匹配一个合适的 handler,重要方法
                mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest);
                if (mappedHandler == null) {
                    noHandlerFound(processedRequest, response);
                    return;
                }

                // Determine handler adapter for the current request.
                HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());

                // Process last-modified header, if supported by the handler.
                String method = request.getMethod();
                boolean isGet = "GET".equals(method);
                if (isGet || "HEAD".equals(method)) {
                    long lastModified = ha.getLastModified(request, mappedHandler.getHandler());
                    if (new ServletWebRequest(request, response).checkNotModified(lastModified) && isGet) {
                        return;
                    }
                }

                if (!mappedHandler.applyPreHandle(processedRequest, response)) {
                    return;
                }

                // Actually invoke the handler.
                mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());

                if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
                    return;
                }

                applyDefaultViewName(processedRequest, mv);
                mappedHandler.applyPostHandle(processedRequest, response, mv);
            }
            catch (Exception ex) {
                dispatchException = ex;
            }
            catch (Throwable err) {
                dispatchException = new NestedServletException("Handler dispatch failed", err);
            }
            processDispatchResult(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, mv, dispatchException);
        }
        catch (Exception ex) {
            triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, ex);
        }
        catch (Throwable err) {
            triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler,
                    new NestedServletException("Handler processing failed", err));
        }
        finally {
            if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
                // Instead of postHandle and afterCompletion
                if (mappedHandler != null) {
                    mappedHandler.applyAfterConcurrentHandlingStarted(processedRequest, response);
                }
            }
            else {
                // 如果是multipart的请求,清空上传的multipart资源
                if (multipartRequestParsed) {
                    cleanupMultipart(processedRequest);
                }
            }
        }
    }

::: warning 知识点
总结,getHandler方法的主要作用体现在以下几点:

进入getHandler方法

所在类:org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet

protected HandlerExecutionChain getHandler(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
        // handlerMappering 实例容器不为空
        if (this.handlerMappings != null) {
            for (HandlerMapping mapping : this.handlerMappings) {
                // 获取 HandlerMethod 和过滤器链的包装类
                HandlerExecutionChain handler = mapping.getHandler(request);
                if (handler != null) {
                    return handler;
                }
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

进入getHandler方法

所在类:org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMapping

public final HandlerExecutionChain getHandler(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
        // 根据请求的 URL 拿到对应的 HandlerMethod 对象
        Object handler = getHandlerInternal(request);
        if (handler == null) {
            handler = getDefaultHandler();
        }
        if (handler == null) {
            return null;
        }
        // Bean name or resolved handler?
        if (handler instanceof String) {
            String handlerName = (String) handler;
            handler = obtainApplicationContext().getBean(handlerName);
        }
        // 获取 HandlerMethod 和过滤器链的包装类
        HandlerExecutionChain executionChain = getHandlerExecutionChain(handler, request);

        if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
            logger.trace("Mapped to " + handler);
        }
        else if (logger.isDebugEnabled() && !request.getDispatcherType().equals(DispatcherType.ASYNC)) {
            logger.debug("Mapped to " + executionChain.getHandler());
        }
        // 是否是跨域请求,就是查看 request 请求头中是否有 Origin 属性
        if (CorsUtils.isCorsRequest(request)) {
            CorsConfiguration globalConfig = this.corsConfigurationSource.getCorsConfiguration(request);
            CorsConfiguration handlerConfig = getCorsConfiguration(handler, request);
            CorsConfiguration config = (globalConfig != null ? globalConfig.combine(handlerConfig) : handlerConfig);
            executionChain = getCorsHandlerExecutionChain(request, executionChain, config);
        }

        return executionChain;
    }

进入getHandlerInternal方法

所在类:org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMethodMapping

protected HandlerMethod getHandlerInternal(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
        // 从request对象中获取 URL,/common/query2
        String lookupPath = getUrlPathHelper().getLookupPathForRequest(request);
        this.mappingRegistry.acquireReadLock();
        try {
            // 根据 URL 从映射关系中找到对应的 HandlerMethod 对象
            HandlerMethod handlerMethod = lookupHandlerMethod(lookupPath, request);
            // 执行beanFactory.getBean的过程,获取Controller实例
            return (handlerMethod != null ? handlerMethod.createWithResolvedBean() : null);
        }
        finally {
            this.mappingRegistry.releaseReadLock();
        }
    }

::: warning 知识点
lookupHandlerMethod方法之所以可以从映射关系中拿到HandlerMethod对象,是因为AbstractHandlerMethodMapping类实现了InitializingBean接口,在afterPropertiesSet方法里建立好了映射关系。
:::

进入lookupHandlerMethod方法

所在类:org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMethodMapping

protected HandlerMethod lookupHandlerMethod(String lookupPath, HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
        List<Match> matches = new ArrayList<>();
        List<T> directPathMatches = this.mappingRegistry.getMappingsByUrl(lookupPath);
        if (directPathMatches != null) {
            // 匹配过程,是否符合 RequestMappingInfo 里的属性值
            addMatchingMappings(directPathMatches, matches, request);
        }
        if (matches.isEmpty()) {
            // No choice but to go through all mappings...
            addMatchingMappings(this.mappingRegistry.getMappings().keySet(), matches, request);
        }

        if (!matches.isEmpty()) {
            Comparator<Match> comparator = new MatchComparator(getMappingComparator(request));
            matches.sort(comparator);
            Match bestMatch = matches.get(0);
            if (matches.size() > 1) {
                if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                    logger.trace(matches.size() + " matching mappings: " + matches);
                }
                if (CorsUtils.isPreFlightRequest(request)) {
                    return PREFLIGHT_AMBIGUOUS_MATCH;
                }
                Match secondBestMatch = matches.get(1);
                // 如果两个 RequestMappinginfo 什么都相同,报错
                if (comparator.compare(bestMatch, secondBestMatch) == 0) {
                    Method m1 = bestMatch.handlerMethod.getMethod();
                    Method m2 = secondBestMatch.handlerMethod.getMethod();
                    String uri = request.getRequestURI();
                    throw new IllegalStateException(
                            "Ambiguous handler methods mapped for '" + uri + "': {" + m1 + ", " + m2 + "}");
                }
            }
            request.setAttribute(BEST_MATCHING_HANDLER_ATTRIBUTE, bestMatch.handlerMethod);
            handleMatch(bestMatch.mapping, lookupPath, request);
            return bestMatch.handlerMethod;
        }
        else {
            return handleNoMatch(this.mappingRegistry.getMappings().keySet(), lookupPath, request);
        }
    }

::: warning 知识点
addMatchingMappings方法,主要一个匹配过程,匹配@RequestMapping注解中的属性值是否满足

 /*
  * consumes:指定处理请求的提交内容类型(Content-Type),
  *     例如application/json, text/html;
  * produces: 指定返回的内容类型,仅当request请求头中的(Accept)类型中包含该指定类型才返回;
  * params: 指定request中必须包含某些参数值是,才让该方法处理。
  * headers: 指定request中必须包含某些指定的header值,才能让该方法处理请求。
  * */
@RequestMapping(value = "/getUser",
    method = RequestMethod.GET,
    params = "username=jack",
    consumes = "application/json",
    produces = "application/json",
    headers = "Referer=http://www.xx.com/")

:::

返回getHandler,进入getHandlerExecutionChain方法

所在类:org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMapping

protected HandlerExecutionChain getHandlerExecutionChain(Object handler, HttpServletRequest request) {
        // 如果没有获得则创建一个 HandlerExecutionChain
        HandlerExecutionChain chain = (handler instanceof HandlerExecutionChain ?
                (HandlerExecutionChain) handler : new HandlerExecutionChain(handler));
        // 获取当前的请求地址: /user/xxx
        String lookupPath = this.urlPathHelper.getLookupPathForRequest(request);
        // 在 HandlerExecutionChain 中添加拦截器
        // 遍历 SpringMVC 容器的所有拦截器
        for (HandlerInterceptor interceptor : this.adaptedInterceptors) {
            // 判断拦截器类型,如果是 MappedInterceptor 类型
            if (interceptor instanceof MappedInterceptor) {
                MappedInterceptor mappedInterceptor = (MappedInterceptor) interceptor;
                // 则先匹配路径后再添加到执行链
                if (mappedInterceptor.matches(lookupPath, this.pathMatcher)) {
                    chain.addInterceptor(mappedInterceptor.getInterceptor());
                }
            }
            else {
                // 否则直接添加到执行链
                chain.addInterceptor(interceptor);
            }
        }
        return chain;
    }

::: warning 知识点
getHandlerExecutionChain中的HandlerInterceptor拦截器是Spring MVC中的,Spring AOP中的拦截器是MethodInterceptor
:::

拿到当前请求对应的handler后,

返回主流程,进入getHandlerAdapter方法

所在类:org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet

/**
 * TODO : 根据 handlerMethod对象,找到合适的 HandlerAdapter对象,这里用到了策略模式
 */
protected HandlerAdapter getHandlerAdapter(Object handler) throws ServletException {
        if (this.handlerAdapters != null) {
            for (HandlerAdapter adapter : this.handlerAdapters) {
                if (adapter.supports(handler)) {
                    // 返回一个可以支持的HandlerAdapter 处理程序实例
                    return adapter;
                }
            }
        }
        throw new ServletException("No adapter for handler [" + handler +
                "]: The DispatcherServlet configuration needs to include a HandlerAdapter that supports this handler");
    }

::: warning 知识点

HandlerAdapter 是什么
HandlerAdapter是一个接口,充当自身与处理程序对象之间的桥梁,从而导致松散耦合设计。HandlerAdapter主要处理方法参数、相关注解、数据绑定、消息转换、返回值、调用视图解析器等。

HandlerAdapter UML 图
<a data-fancybox title="采集" href="/assets/image-20200209172256575.png"><img :src="$withBase('/assets/image-20200209172256575.png')" alt=""></a>

HandlerAdapter的4个实现类:

  1. SimpleServletHandlerAdapter: 适配实现 Servlet 接口的Handler, 默认调用其service方法
  1. SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter: 适配实现Controller 接口的Handler, 默认调用其 handleRequest 方法
  2. HttpRequestHandlerAdapter: 适配实现HttpRequestHandler 接口的 Handler, 默认调用其 handleRequest 方法
  3. RequestMappingHandlerAdapter: 适配被@RequestMapping注释的方式, 一般都是解析一个一个参数, 并且通过反射进行激活

HandlerAdapter 总结
HandlerAdapterSpring MVC中扩展机制的非常好的一个体现,,通过 HandlerAdapter这种设计模式,DispatcherServlet 就可以支持任何格式的Handler(这里的可以支持指在不改变 DispatcherServlet 的情况下),第二是HandlerAdapter 基于不同Handler实现不同实现类(策略模式),最后也是最重要的就是参数的解析与返回值的解析。

:::

::: danger 为什么要用HandlerAdapter适配器模式?
首先, Controller的定义有多种 ,一种是带@Controller注解的, 还可以写一个servlet 当做controller, 所以用适配器做适配,不同子类实现HandlerAdapter接口,定义自己的业务逻辑,每个子类都是适配某一种类型的控制器,有了HandlerAdapter,你只需要调用自己实现的handle方法,屏蔽了不一致的细节,对用户来说直接找到对应的处理方法,无须关系哪个实现方法,否则只能在DispatcherServlet里面通过ifelse来处理了。
:::

前置过滤器

返回主流程,进入applyPreHandle方法,前置过滤器

所在类:org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet

/**
 * TODO : 调用所有的 HandlerInterceptor 拦截器并调用其 preHandler方法
 */
boolean applyPreHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        // 获取所有的拦截器
        HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = getInterceptors();
        if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(interceptors)) {
            for (int i = 0; i < interceptors.length; i++) {
                HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
                // 分别调用拦截器的 preHandle 方法
                if (!interceptor.preHandle(request, response, this.handler)) {
                    triggerAfterCompletion(request, response, null);
                    return false;
                }
                // 如果失败,记录最后一次拦截器的位置,倒序释放
                this.interceptorIndex = i;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

返回主流程,进入handle方法,调用具体Controller的方法

最终会进入AbstractHandlerMethodAdapterhandle方法,

    public final ModelAndView handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
            throws Exception {
        return handleInternal(request, response, (HandlerMethod) handler);
    }

进入handleInternal方法,

所在类:org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter

protected ModelAndView handleInternal(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response, HandlerMethod handlerMethod) throws Exception {

        ModelAndView mav;
        checkRequest(request);

        // Execute invokeHandlerMethod in synchronized block if required.
        if (this.synchronizeOnSession) {
            HttpSession session = request.getSession(false);
            if (session != null) {
                Object mutex = WebUtils.getSessionMutex(session);
                synchronized (mutex) {
                    mav = invokeHandlerMethod(request, response, handlerMethod);
                }
            }
            else {
                // No HttpSession available -> no mutex necessary
                // 执行 HandlerMethod,返回 ModelAndView
                mav = invokeHandlerMethod(request, response, handlerMethod);
            }
        }
        else {
            // No synchronization on session demanded at all...
            // 执行 HandlerMethod,返回 ModelAndView
            mav = invokeHandlerMethod(request, response, handlerMethod);
        }

        if (!response.containsHeader(HEADER_CACHE_CONTROL)) {
            if (getSessionAttributesHandler(handlerMethod).hasSessionAttributes()) {
                applyCacheSeconds(response, this.cacheSecondsForSessionAttributeHandlers);
            }
            else {
                prepareResponse(response);
            }
        }

        return mav;
    }

进入invokeHandlerMethod方法,

所在类:org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter

protected ModelAndView invokeHandlerMethod(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response, HandlerMethod handlerMethod) throws Exception {

        ServletWebRequest webRequest = new ServletWebRequest(request, response);
        try {
            // 获取数据绑定工厂  @InitBinder注解支持,
            WebDataBinderFactory binderFactory = getDataBinderFactory(handlerMethod);
            // Model工厂,收集了@ModelAttribute注解的方法
            ModelFactory modelFactory = getModelFactory(handlerMethod, binderFactory);
            //可调用的方法对象
            ServletInvocableHandlerMethod invocableMethod = createInvocableHandlerMethod(handlerMethod);
            if (this.argumentResolvers != null) {
                //设置参数解析器
                invocableMethod.setHandlerMethodArgumentResolvers(this.argumentResolvers);
            }
            if (this.returnValueHandlers != null) {
                // 设置返回值解析器
                invocableMethod.setHandlerMethodReturnValueHandlers(this.returnValueHandlers);
            }
            // 设置参数绑定工厂
            invocableMethod.setDataBinderFactory(binderFactory);
            // 设置参数名称解析类
            invocableMethod.setParameterNameDiscoverer(this.parameterNameDiscoverer);

            ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer = new ModelAndViewContainer();
            mavContainer.addAllAttributes(RequestContextUtils.getInputFlashMap(request));
            // 调用有 @ModelAttribute注解的方法。每次请求都会调用有 @ModelAttribute注解的方法
            //把 @ModelAttribute注解的方法的返回值存储到 ModelAndViewContainer对象的 map中了
            modelFactory.initModel(webRequest, mavContainer, invocableMethod);
            mavContainer.setIgnoreDefaultModelOnRedirect(this.ignoreDefaultModelOnRedirect);

            AsyncWebRequest asyncWebRequest = WebAsyncUtils.createAsyncWebRequest(request, response);
            asyncWebRequest.setTimeout(this.asyncRequestTimeout);
            // 异步处理
            WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);
            asyncManager.setTaskExecutor(this.taskExecutor);
            asyncManager.setAsyncWebRequest(asyncWebRequest);
            asyncManager.registerCallableInterceptors(this.callableInterceptors);
            asyncManager.registerDeferredResultInterceptors(this.deferredResultInterceptors);

            if (asyncManager.hasConcurrentResult()) {
                Object result = asyncManager.getConcurrentResult();
                mavContainer = (ModelAndViewContainer) asyncManager.getConcurrentResultContext()[0];
                asyncManager.clearConcurrentResult();
                LogFormatUtils.traceDebug(logger, traceOn -> {
                    String formatted = LogFormatUtils.formatValue(result, !traceOn);
                    return "Resume with async result [" + formatted + "]";
                });
                invocableMethod = invocableMethod.wrapConcurrentResult(result);
            }
            // Controller方法调用,重点看看
            invocableMethod.invokeAndHandle(webRequest, mavContainer);
            if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
                return null;
            }

            return getModelAndView(mavContainer, modelFactory, webRequest);
        }
        finally {
            webRequest.requestCompleted();
        }
    }

::: warning 知识点
invokeHandlerMethod方法主要进行了数据和参数的绑定、创建ModelAndViewContainer视图容器,以及相关初始化工作。
:::

进入invokeAndHandle方法

所在类:org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod

public void invokeAndHandle(ServletWebRequest webRequest, ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer,
            Object... providedArgs) throws Exception {
        // 具体调用逻辑,重点看
        Object returnValue = invokeForRequest(webRequest, mavContainer, providedArgs);
        setResponseStatus(webRequest);

        if (returnValue == null) {
            if (isRequestNotModified(webRequest) || getResponseStatus() != null || mavContainer.isRequestHandled()) {
                mavContainer.setRequestHandled(true);
                return;
            }
        }
        else if (StringUtils.hasText(getResponseStatusReason())) {
            mavContainer.setRequestHandled(true);
            return;
        }

        mavContainer.setRequestHandled(false);
        Assert.state(this.returnValueHandlers != null, "No return value handlers");
        try {
            // 返回值处理
            this.returnValueHandlers.handleReturnValue(
                    returnValue, getReturnValueType(returnValue), mavContainer, webRequest);
        }
        catch (Exception ex) {
            if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                logger.trace(formatErrorForReturnValue(returnValue), ex);
            }
            throw ex;
        }
    }

进入invokeForRequest方法

所在类:org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod

public Object invokeForRequest(NativeWebRequest request, @Nullable ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer,
            Object... providedArgs) throws Exception {
        // 获取参数数组,重点看
        Object[] args = getMethodArgumentValues(request, mavContainer, providedArgs);
        if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
            logger.trace("Arguments: " + Arrays.toString(args));
        }
        return doInvoke(args);
    }

进入getMethodArgumentValues方法

所在类:org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod

protected Object[] getMethodArgumentValues(NativeWebRequest request, @Nullable ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer,
            Object... providedArgs) throws Exception {

        if (ObjectUtils.isEmpty(getMethodParameters())) {
            return EMPTY_ARGS;
        }
        // 入参的包装类,里面包装了参数类型,参数名称,参数注解等等信息
        MethodParameter[] parameters = getMethodParameters();
        Object[] args = new Object[parameters.length];
        for (int i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++) {
            MethodParameter parameter = parameters[i];
            // 设置参数名称解析器
            parameter.initParameterNameDiscovery(this.parameterNameDiscoverer);
            args[i] = findProvidedArgument(parameter, providedArgs);
            if (args[i] != null) {
                continue;
            }
            // 典型的策略模式,根据 parameter 能否找到对应参数的处理类,能找到就返回true
            if (!this.resolvers.supportsParameter(parameter)) {
                throw new IllegalStateException(formatArgumentError(parameter, "No suitable resolver"));
            }
            try {
                // 具体参数值解析过程,重点看看
                args[i] = this.resolvers.resolveArgument(parameter, mavContainer, request, this.dataBinderFactory);
            }
            catch (Exception ex) {
                // Leave stack trace for later, exception may actually be resolved and handled..
                if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    String error = ex.getMessage();
                    if (error != null && !error.contains(parameter.getExecutable().toGenericString())) {
                        logger.debug(formatArgumentError(parameter, error));
                    }
                }
                throw ex;
            }
        }
        return args;
    }

进入resolveArgument方法

所在类:org.springframework.web.method.support.HandlerMethodArgumentResolverComposite

public Object resolveArgument(MethodParameter parameter, @Nullable ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer,
            NativeWebRequest webRequest, @Nullable WebDataBinderFactory binderFactory) throws Exception {
        // 根据参数获取对应参数的解析类
        HandlerMethodArgumentResolver resolver = getArgumentResolver(parameter);
        if (resolver == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "Unsupported parameter type [" + parameter.getParameterType().getName() + "]." +
                            " supportsParameter should be called first.");
        }
        // 策略模式去调用具体参数解析类
        return resolver.resolveArgument(parameter, mavContainer, webRequest, binderFactory);
    }

::: warning 知识点
MethodParameter类是对参数信息的封装,其中重要的几个属性包括:

方法参数解析

进入getArgumentResolver方法

所在类:org.springframework.web.method.support.HandlerMethodArgumentResolverComposite

private HandlerMethodArgumentResolver getArgumentResolver(MethodParameter parameter) {
        // 先从缓存中拿到参数处理器对象
        HandlerMethodArgumentResolver result = this.argumentResolverCache.get(parameter);
        // 如果缓存中没有
        if (result == null) {
            // 循环容器中 HandlerMethodArgumentResolver类型的所有解析器: List<HandlerMethodArgumentResolver>
            for (HandlerMethodArgumentResolver methodArgumentResolver : this.argumentResolvers) {
                // 典型的策略模式匹配,拿到当前参数对应的处理解析类
                if (methodArgumentResolver.supportsParameter(parameter)) {
                    // 赋值给 HandlerMethodArgumentResolver 对象
                    result = methodArgumentResolver;
                    // 放到缓存中
                    this.argumentResolverCache.put(parameter, result);
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

::: warning 知识点
HandlerMethodArgumentResolver参数解析器,最复杂的处理流程之一,Spring中默认有26种参数解析器,来对应完成某种参数的解析工作。添加过程是Spring MVC启动实例化后,通过RequestMappingHandlerAdapter类的afterPropertiesSet方法调用getDefaultArgumentResolvers添加到HandlerMethodArgumentResolver解析器中的。
:::

中置过滤器

返回主流程,进入handleInternal方法,中置过滤器

所在类:org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter

void applyPostHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, @Nullable ModelAndView mv)
            throws Exception {
        // 获取所有拦截器
        HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = getInterceptors();
        if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(interceptors)) {
            for (int i = interceptors.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
                // 分别调用拦截器的 postHandle方法
                interceptor.postHandle(request, response, this.handler, mv);
            }
        }
    }

::: warning 知识点
中置过滤器的调用时序,是当ha.handle 掉完以后,也就是Controller 里面具体方法调用完以后才轮到中置过滤器调用。可以根据ModelAndView对象做视图修改。
:::

后置过滤器

返回主流程,进入triggerAfterCompletion方法,后置过滤器

所在类:org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter

void triggerAfterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, @Nullable Exception ex)
            throws Exception {

        HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = getInterceptors();
        if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(interceptors)) {
            for (int i = this.interceptorIndex; i >= 0; i--) {
                HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
                try {
                    interceptor.afterCompletion(request, response, this.handler, ex);
                }
                catch (Throwable ex2) {
                    logger.error("HandlerInterceptor.afterCompletion threw exception", ex2);
                }
            }
        }
    }

::: warning 知识点
applyPreHandle前置过滤器主要作用是对当前请求做一些初步的验证,内部执行顺序是正序遍历, applyPostHandle 中置过滤器和triggerAfterCompletion后置过滤器的执行顺序是倒序遍历,倒序是因为一但前置过滤器中断(拦截器preHndle返回false)那么请求终止,根据中断的数组坐标interceptorIndex,倒序释放执行已经过滤的的拦截方法。
:::

到此为止,主流程结束,以上完成了Spring MVC`从请求到处理的一系列过程,包括请求方法调用

、参数解析、过滤器调用等,接下来就是处理返回值的解析工作。

附:常见注解

::: danger 常见注解

:::

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